A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ID3 AND MLP ALGORITHMS

Data mining on large databases has been a major concern in research community. To overcome the difficulty of analyzing huge amounts of data, classification is done on the datasets. In our project, we have used two classification algorithms ID3 and MLP. We focused on applying the concept of ID3 algorithm to find the nodes in the decision tree and back-propagation to calculate the weights of artificial neural network. These concepts are used for training the decision tree and artificial neural network classifiers for PIMA dataset. The classifiers thus obtained from training phase are tested. Then the corresponding accuracies are calculated and compared to find the efficient algorithm among ID3 and MLP

Do fishes consume plastics? If so, are they always dangerous?

Plastics have tremendous advantages and utility in the present world but its indiscriminate discard creates a pathway to water bodies and eventually forming a threat to aquatic organisms. The large plastics (macro plastics) can degrade and become smaller meso or micro plastics which can be ingested by fishes and invertebrates. Low density plastics (eg. Poly propylene or polyethylene) are dominant in the top layers for a certain period of their entry, may suffer biofouling causing it to sink gradually. High density plastics (PVC, Polyester and polyamides) usually sink to the bottom. Macro, Meso and Micro polymers selected for the study were polypropylene, polyethylene and polyvinyl chlorid

दक्षिणी अरब सागर में नोक्टिलूका सिन्टिलन्स के प्रस्‍फुटन से मात्स्यिकी और जलराशि की में प्रभाव

केन्द्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्‍थान (सी एम एफ आर आइ) द्वारा दिनक 20 नवंबर, 2020 को एफ वी सिल्वर पोम्‍पानो में आयोजित समुद्री पर्यटन के दौरान दक्षिणी अरब सागर की ऊपरी परतों में 20 और 30 मीटर के स्टेशन पर एक हल्का हरा रंग देखा गया (चित्र 1)। सूक्ष्‍मदर्शी द्वारा जांच करने पर व्‍यक्त हुआ कि पानी का हरा रंग डाइनो फ्लाजेल्‍लेट नोक् टिलूका सि न्टिलन् स (मकार्टन), जि सका औसत कोशिका घनत्व 3.12 x 105 सेल L-1 और आकार 554.62–885.57 μm (चित्र 2) है, के प्रस्‍फुटन से होता है

Indian Ocean humpback dolphin stranded at Arthunkal landing centre, Kerala

On November 2, 2022, the carcass of a dead dolphin, Sousa plumbea (Indian Ocean Humpback Dolphin), was discovered at the Arthunkal landing centre in Alapuzha, Kerala (9039’42.0”N 76017’29.5”E)

“निर्मल धारा” - तटीय पारिस्थितिक तंत्र के प्रति शुद्ध पानी प्रवाह सुनिश्चित करने की वैज्ञानिक पहल

“निर्मल धारा” - तटीय पारिस्थितिक तंत्र के प्रति शुद्ध पानी प्रवाह सुनिश्चित करने की वैज्ञानिक पह

HER2-enriched subtype and novel molecular subgroups drive aromatase inhibitor resistance and an increased risk of relapse in early ER+/HER2+ breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Oestrogen receptor positive/ human epidermal growth factor receptor positive (ER+/HER2+) breast cancers (BCs) are less responsive to endocrine therapy than ER+/HER2- tumours. Mechanisms underpinning the differential behaviour of ER+HER2+ tumours are poorly characterised. Our aim was to identify biomarkers of response to 2 weeks’ presurgical AI treatment in ER+/HER2+ BCs. METHODS: All available ER+/HER2+ BC baseline tumours (n=342) in the POETIC trial were gene expression profiled using BC360™ (NanoString) covering intrinsic subtypes and 46 key biological signatures. Early response to AI was assessed by changes in Ki67 expression and residual Ki67 at 2 weeks (Ki672wk). Time-To-Recurrence (TTR) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox models adjusted for standard clinicopathological variables. New molecular subgroups (MS) were identified using consensus clustering. FINDINGS: HER2-enriched (HER2-E) subtype BCs (44.7% of the total) showed poorer Ki67 response and higher Ki672wk (p<0.0001) than non-HER2-E BCs. High expression of ERBB2 expression, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and TP53 mutational score were associated with poor response and immune-related signatures with High Ki672wk. Five new MS that were associated with differential response to AI were identified. HER2-E had significantly poorer TTR compared to Luminal BCs (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.14–5.69; p=0.0222). The new MS were independent predictors of TTR, adding significant value beyond intrinsic subtypes. INTERPRETATION: Our results show HER2-E as a standardised biomarker associated with poor response to AI and worse outcome in ER+/HER2+. HRD, TP53 mutational score and immune-tumour tolerance are predictive biomarkers for poor response to AI. Lastly, novel MS identify additional non-HER2-E tumours not responding to AI with an increased risk of relapse

Monitoring of pollution at Panambur (major industrial area) and Padukere along Karnataka coast, south west coast of India: A statistical approach

2339-2349Studies on environmental parameters in seawater and heavy metals content in meats of wedge clam, Donax faba (Family: Donacidae) were carried out. Mn and Zn concentrations from Panambur were higher than that of Padukere. These two heavy metals were very high in D. faba when compared to earlier studies from other different geographical regions. Significant variability in the environmental parameters and heavy metals was observed in both the wedge clam beds off Panambur and Padukere. Within the seasons, spatial trends were most evident during June-August. This change was largely brought about by the changes in environmental parameters and heavy metals in monsoon season. At Panambur, the seasonal pattern based on environmental variables and metals was to some extent consistent with the three seasons with the exception of few months which are transition months appeared in different clusters

Cultivation of an indigenous Chlorella sorokiniana with phytohormones for biomass and lipid production under N-limitation

Nitrogen starvation promotes lipid accumulation in microalgal cells, but leads to low biomass production which directly influences the lipid yield. Growth stimulators may activate simultaneous increase in biomass and metabolite productivity under nutrition stress conditions. In this work, the dual effect of phytohormone (indole-3acetic acid (IAA), diethyl aminoethyl hexonate (DA-6)) supplementation and nitrogen limitation conditions on the biomass and lipid production of an indigenous microalga Chlorella sorokiniana DPK-5 was thoroughly investigated by monitoring the fatty acid compositions, oxidative stress alleviation and anti-oxidative defense system, including gene expression level. The optimized concertation of IAA (10(-5) M) or DA-6 (10(-9) M) were applied under a series of N limitation in range 100% to 12.5% to promote the both biomass and lipid production of DPK-5. Interestingly, very minimal dose of IAA and DA-6 under 50% N concentration produced the highest biomass productivity of 201 mg/L/d (22% increase) and 236 mg/L/d (43% increase) from the control (166 mg/L/d), leading to outstanding lipid productivity of 69 mg/L/d (49% increase) and 86 mg/L/d (84% increase) from the control (32 mg/L/d). In addition, abundance of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) as a measurement of biodiesel quality were also enhanced. Furthermore, it was proven that treatment with IAA and DA-6 induced the activity of antioxidants enzymes, which protect cells from damages caused by abiotic stresses. In addition, the intracellular levels of RuBisCO and ACCase were considerably up-regulated by IAA and DA-6 under N limitation. These findings indicate that hormone addition-based autotrophic-N limitation is a promising cultivation strategy to improve the lipid production potential of microalgae without substantial loss in biomass for generation of high quality biodiesel. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1111Nsciescopu

Importance of Swa Anguli Pramana in Health Assessment: Insights from Cross-Sectional Study on Aayama Relationship

Introduction: The anthropometry techniques used today share similarities with the method described in Ayurveda by the acharyas. Ayurvedic science adopts a more personalized approach to measurement, taking into account individual variations in the body proportions for a greater precision in assessing each body part. In contrast to the modern approach, which relies on a generalized view, ayurvedic science offers significant advantages. Method: Survey conducted among 400 individuals to determine the correlation between swa anguli pramana (measurement of the width of the proximal phalanx of the middle finger in the palmar aspect) and aayama (height). Result: The study found that there was a change in the average swa anguli pramana values, which caused a noteworthy difference in the aayama of the individuals. The study clearly indicates that, swa anguli pramana is positively associated with height of individual. Discussion: However, the study does not invalidate the swa anguli pramana measurement technique or elevate the contemporary day standard metric system above it. The existing metric system has limitations, such as variations with changes in gender, race, and area, whereas swa anguli standards are individualistic and not impacted by these aspects. The study suggests that revalidation of the pramanas is required, but considering it as a standard system of measurement remains relevant

ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPING FUTURED MECHATRONICS SYSTEM BASED INDUSTRIAL MOBILE SYSTEMS

Industrial applications involves in mobile systems, like common applications (raw material handling, work in process movement, finished product handling), primary applications in industries (automotive, manufacturing, hospital, food and beverage, pharmaceutical). It is known that industrial mobile systems are using battery charging through any power station sources. Due to this, consumption of electric power is more. If we replace solar power or magnetic powered engines in this industrial application involving mobile systems, we can minimize the consumption of electric power up to controllable limits. In this paper we suggested system methodologies for how to develop solar powered or magnetic powered engines for industrial mobile systems