The Correspondence between Sophie Germain and Carl Friedrich Gauss

Published and discussed here is the correspondence between Sophie Germain and Carl Friedrich Gauss. The mathematical notes enclosed in her letters are published for the first time. These notes in which she submitted some of her results, proofs and conjectures to Gauss for his evaluation, were inspired to her by the study of the Disquisitiones Arithmeticae. The interpretation of these mathematical notes, not only shows how she went deeply into Gauss's treatise and mastered it long before any other mathematician, but also, more importantly, that she got interesting results in the theory of power residues that had never previously been attributed to her