Investigation of commuting Hamiltonian in quantum Markov network

Graphical Models have various applications in science and engineering which include physics, bioinformatics, telecommunication and etc. Usage of graphical models needs complex computations in order to evaluation of marginal functions,so there are some powerful methods including mean field approximation, belief propagation algorithm and etc. Quantum graphical models have been recently developed in context of quantum information and computation, and quantum statistical physics, which is possible by generalization of classical probability theory to quantum theory. The main goal of this paper is preparing a primary generalization of Markov network, as a type of graphical models, to quantum case and applying in quantum statistical physics.We have investigated the Markov network and the role of commuting Hamiltonian terms in conditional independence with simple examples of quantum statistical physics.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

Forecasting by Stochastic Models to Inflow of Karkheh Dam at Iran

Forecasting the inflow of rivers to reservoirs of dams has high importance and complexity. Design and optimal operation of the dams is essential. Mathematical and analytical methods use for understanding estimating and prediction of inflow to reservoirs in the future. Various methods including stochastic models can be used as a management tool to predict future values of these systems. In this study stochastic models (ARIMA) are applied to records of mean annual flow Karkheh river entrance to Karkheh dam in the west of Iran. For this purpose we collected annual flow during the period from 1958/1959 to 2005/2006 in Jelogir Majin hydrometric station. The available data consists of 48 years of mean Annual discharge. Three types of ARIMA (p, d, q) models (0, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1) and (4, 1, 1) suggested, and the selected model is the one which give minimum Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The Maximum Likelihood (ML), Conditional Least Square (CLS) and Unconditional Least Square (ULS) methods are used to estimate the model parameters. It is found that the model which corresponds to the minimum AIC is the (4, 1, 1) model in CLS estimation method. Port Manteau Lack of fit test and Residual Autocorrelation Function (RACF) test are applied as diagnostic checking. Forecasting of annual inflow for the period from 2006 to 2015 are compared with observed inflow for the same period and since agreement is very good adequacy of the selected model is confirmed

Modeling Climate Variables of Rivers Basin using Time Series Analysis (Case Study: Karkheh River Basin at Iran)

Stochastic models (time series models) have been proposed as one technique to generate scenarios of future climate change. Precipitation, temperature and evaporation are among the main indicators in climate study. The goal of this study is the simulation and modeling of climatic parameters such as annual precipitation, temperature and evaporation using stochastic methods (time series analysis). The 40-year data of precipitation and 37-year data of temperature and evaporation at Jelogir Majin station (upstream of Karkheh dam reservoir) in western of Iran has been used in this study and based on ARIMA model, The auto-correlation and partial auto-correlation methods, assessment of parameters and types of model, the suitable models to forecast annual precipitation, temperature and evaporation were obtained. After model validation and evaluation, the Predicting was made for the ten future years (2006 to 2015). In view of the Predicting made, the precipitation amounts will be decreased than recent years. As regards the mean of annual temperature and evaporation, the findings of the Predicting show an increase in temperature and evaporation

Estimation of soil water retention curve in semi-arid areas using fractal dimension

The soil water retention curve (SWRC) is one of the important hydraulic functions in water flow modeling and solute transport in the porous medium. Direct measurement of SWRC is time consuming and expensive, therefore different models have been developed to describe it. In this study, a model based on fractal theory was derived to estimate water retention curve. The fractal dimension of SWRC (DSWRC) for 130 soil samples (with a spread range of soil texture) were determined and tried to find out a simple relation between this parameter and easily available soil properties such as clay, silt and sand contents, lime percent and bulk density by applying multiple linear regression analysis. The measured DSWRC for 110 soil samples used for regression analysis and 20 soil samples was used for model validation. The regression analysis showed a linear relationship between DSWRC, with clay, silt contents and soil bulk density with the goodness of fit, R2 = 0.909, but lime content did not show any significant effect on SWRC prediction improvement. Therefore, it can be concluded that estimating SWRC in calcareous soil using DSWRC obtained from soil easily measured properties will be a good, rapid and reliable alternative for reliable estimation of soil hydraulic properties of these areas.Keywords: Fractal model; lime percent; Regression analysis; Soil water retention curv

Estudio experimental y numérico de la estabilidad de la pendiente aguas arriba en un embalse de presas de tierra en condiciones de extracción rápida

The rapid ‎drawdown of the dam reservoir is one of the most common situations occurring in the lifetime of a dam. For this reason, one of the main factors in the design of the upstream slope is the rapid drainage of the reservoir. In this case, the upstream slope is in a critical condition and the slope may be unstable. When the water surface in the reservoir is drawdown suddenly, the water level in the dam body does not decrease at the same time as the reservoir water level. The analysis of seepage from the earth dam body and calculation of the water loss play an important role in calculating the amount of pore water pressure, and, consequently, the stability analysis of the dam body. In addition, any seepage analysis is dependent on the hydraulic properties of the dam materials. In order to investigate the effect of hydraulic conductivity on the rapid drawdown of water level and the seepage, an experimental model was constructed of an earth dam. By accurate measurement of hydraulic parameters of the materials in saturated and unsaturated media, the flow through this model was modeled using a disk penetrometer by seep/w software. The results were then compared with the observed data.The rapid ‎drawdown of the dam reservoir is one of the most common situations occurring in the lifetime of a dam. For this reason, one of the main factors in the design of the upstream slope is the rapid drainage of the reservoir. In this case, the upstream slope is in a critical condition and the slope may be unstable. When the water surface in the reservoir is drawdown suddenly, the water level in the dam body does not decrease at the same time as the reservoir water level. The analysis of seepage from the earth dam body and calculation of the water loss play an important role in calculating the amount of pore water pressure, and, consequently, the stability analysis of the dam body. In addition, any seepage analysis is dependent on the hydraulic properties of the dam materials. In order to investigate the effect of hydraulic conductivity on the rapid drawdown of water level and the seepage, an experimental model was constructed of an earth dam. By accurate measurement of hydraulic parameters of the materials in saturated and unsaturated media, the flow through this model was modeled using a disk penetrometer by seep/w software. The results were then compared with the observed data

Estimation of soil water retention curve using fractal dimension

The soil water retention curve (SWRC) is a fundamental hydraulic property majorly used to study flow transport in soils and calculate plant-available water. Since, direct measurement of SWRC is time-consuming and expensive, different models have been developed to estimate SWRC. In this study, a fractal-based model was developed to predict SWRC. A wide range of soil textures (130 soil samples) was used to determine the fractal dimension of SWRC (DSWRC). Moreover, the SWRC pedotransfer functions were established based on easily available soil properties such as particle size  distribution and bulk density by applying multiple linear regression analysis. The measured DSWRC for 110 soil samples was considered for function parameterization and the remaining was used for model validation. The results illustrated that the DSWRC linearly correlates with clay and silt contents and soil bulk density (r2 = 0.909). The SWRC can, therefore, be easily and concisely estimated by the proposed fractal-based functions. Key words: Fractal model; Pedotransfer functions; Regression analysis; Soil water retention curv

THE RELATION BETWEEN SATISFACTION AMONG SPORTS CLUBS’ CUSTOMERS AND COACHES’ PERSONALITY AND WORK ETHICS

In terms of manner of data collection, the present research is considered as a descriptive-correlative study and also in terms of purpose, it is considered as an applied research which is carried out under field methods. The population of this research includes the staff and customers of governmental and private pools of the province of Kurdistan. The number of the staff is equal to 135 individuals and according to the Morgan’s chart, the sample number was determined as 100 individuals. Since this research includes two separate populations, and only the number of the staff of pools is known; the method of synchronization is employed and the same amount of samples is considered for customers as well. For the purpose of data collection, Gregory C. Petty’s (1990) questionnaire of ethics including 23 questions and the factors of interest in work, perseverance, human relations at work environment and collaboration in work was used. The validity of this questionnaire is approved by 15 sports management professors and also its reliability was calculated as 0.81 by the Cronbach’s Alpha method. For evaluation of customer satisfaction, the Huang’s questionnaire including 19 questions and the components of visuals and looks of the club, personnel, facilities and current equipment. Its validity and reliability are respectively calculated as 0.78 and 0.86. In addition, the short form of questionnaire of personality characteristics was used: aimed at evaluation of players’ personality characteristics, the short for of the NEO questionnaire including 60 questions was used. This questionnaire was developed by Caste and McCree in 1982. The first translation of this questionnaire into Persian language was prepared by Kiamehr (2005). This test evaluates 5 major personality characteristics which include Neuroticism (N), extraversion (E), openness of mind towards experiences (O), Agreeableness (A), and conscientiousness (C). The Cronbach’s alpha method has calculated reliability of different aspects of this questionnaire in the range of 0.63 to 0.84.  Article visualizations