Investigating the Relationship Between Mental Health and Insomnia in Pregnant Women Referred to Health Centers in Estahban

Pregnancy is the most sensitive period in women's life which makes many physical and mental changes. Sleep problems are one of the issues that are reported by pregnant women; it appears to be associated with psychological consequences in pregnant women. This study aims to investigate the relationship between mental health and insomnia in pregnant women referred to health centers in estahban. This descriptive-analytic study has been done on 182 pregnant women referred to health centers of Estahban in 2015 by available sampling method. Research tools used in this study were general health questionnaire 28 (GHQ 28) and insomnia severity index (ISI).Data were analyzed using Chi-Square and Pearson Correlation tests in SPSS 22 software. Research findings showed that 46.2% of women were suspected of mental disorders, and 58.8% of them suffered from insomnia. According to Chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between total score of mental health and a total score of insomnia(r=0.58, p<0.05). Also, a significant relationship was observed in all variables of mental health and insomnia (p<0.05). Results indicate a high level of mental disorders as well as insomnia among pregnant women; also, the mutual effect of these diseases on each other. As a result, sleep hygiene education as well as appropriate consideration and counseling to pregnant women to treat disorders for achieving a safe pregnancy are recommended

True high-order VCO-based ADC

A novel approach to use a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) as the first integrator of a high-order continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (CT-DSM) is presented. In the proposed architecture, the VCO is combined with a digital up-down counter to implement the first integrator of the CT-DSM. Thus, the first integrator is digital-friendly and hence can maximally benefit from technological scaling

Modeling geological objects with the XML Schema

Abstract Interchange, storage, and management of geological data require the development of knowledge-based, standardized vocabularies and data structures. Concepts modeled and designed with the Unified Markup Language (UML), can be mapped into XML Schema Definition Language (XSDL) to compose modular markup languages for each discipline. Developing such efficient, intra-disciplinary, modular and reusable components, based on the XSDL namespace facility and the principles of object-oriented design, reduces redundancy, increases efficiency, scalability, and extensibility, and simplifies the maintenance and future extension of the code. This paper discusses the best practices of composition and reuse of modular intra-disciplinary components by applying XML Schema namespace syntax. In addition to several small examples given for a variety of geological cases, the paper constructs a UML conceptual model and markup language, applying an XML-type library, for a component of the plate tectonics knowledge base (TectonicsML) that deals with the divergent plate boundary.

Numerical study of self-similar natural convection mass transfer from a rotating cone in anisotropic porous media with Stefan blowing and Navier slip

A mathematical model is presented for laminar, steady natural convection mass transfer in boundary layer flow from a rotating porous vertical cone in anisotropic high permeability porous media. The transformed boundary value problem is solved subject to prescribed surface and free stream boundary conditions with a MAPLE 17 shooting method. Validation with a Chebyshev spectral collocation method is included. The influence of tangential Darcy number, swirl Darcy number, Schmidt number, rotational parameter, momentum (velocity slip), mass slip and wall mass flux (transpiration) on the velocity and concentration distributions is evaluated in detail. The computations show that tangential and swirl velocities are enhanced generally with increasing permeability functions (i.e. Darcy parameters). Increasing spin velocity of the cone accelerates the tangential flow whereas it retards the swirl flow. An elevation in wall suction depresses both tangential and swirl flow. However, increasing injection generates acceleration in the tangential and swirl flow. With greater momentum (hydrodynamic) slip, both tangential and swirl flows are accelerated. Concentration values and Sherwood number function values are also enhanced with momentum slip, although this is only achieved for the case of wall injection. A substantial suppression in tangential velocity is induced with higher mass (solutal) slip effect for any value of injection parameter. Concentration is also depressed at the wall (cone surface) with an increase in mass slip parameter, irrespective of whether injection or suction is present. The model is relevant to spin coating operations in filtration media (in which swirling boundary layers can be controlled with porous media to deposit thin films on industrial components), flow control of mixing devices in distillation processes and also chromatographical analysis systems