Withrow v. Williams and Collateral Review of Miranda Violations: The Supreme Court Rejects the Rule of Stone v. Powell Under a Revised View of Applicable Prudential Concerns

More than fifty years before ratification of the Fourth and Fifth Amendments to the Constitution, Lord Camden observed: [I]t is very certain, that the law obligeth no man to accuse himself; because the necessary means of compelling self-accusation, falling upon the innocent as well as the guilty, would be both cruel and unjust; and it should seem, that search for evidence is disallowed upon the same principle. There, too, the innocent would be confounded with the guilty. Over one hundred years later, in Mapp v. Ohio, the Supreme Court affirmed this relationship between Fourth and Fifth Amendment liberties, holding that the doctrines of those amendments apply to all invasions on the part of the government and its employees of the sanctity of a man\u27s home and the privacies of life

A design for large-area fast photo-detectors with transmission-line readout and waveform sampling

We present a preliminary design and the results of simulation for a photo-detector module to be used in applications requiring the coverage of areas of many square meters with time resolutions less than 10 picoseconds and position resolutions of less than a millimeter for charged particles. The source of light is Cherenkov light in a radiator/window; the amplification is provided by panels of micro-pores functionalized to act as microchannel plates (MCPs). The good time and position resolution stems from the use of an array of parallel 50 Ω transmission lines (strips) as the collecting anodes. The anode strips feed multi-GS/sec sampling chips which digitize the pulse waveform at each end of the strip, allowing a measurement of the time from the average of the two ends, and a 2-dimensional position measurement from the difference of times on a strip, and, in the orthogonal direction, the strip number, or a centroid of the charges deposited on adjacent strips. The module design is constructed so that large areas can be `tiled' by an array of modules

High-pTp_T ψψ\psi\psi production as signals for Double Parton scattering at hadron colliders

We present an analysis of the \psi\psi production from double parton (DP) sacttering and single parton (SP) scattering in the large p_T region via color-octet gluon fragmentation. We find that at the Tevatron the DP \psi\psi production is at the edge of the detectability at present, and at the LHC the DP cross section will dominate over the SP cross section in the lower p_T(min) region (i.e., p_T(min)<7GeV). We also conclude that the color-octet mechanism is of crucial importance to the double j/psi production at high energy hadron colliders.Comment: Revtex, 12 pages, 3 Postscript figure

Barrier-to-autointegration factor 1 protects against a basal cGAS-STING response

Although the pathogen recognition receptor pathways that activate cell-intrinsic antiviral responses are well delineated, less is known about how the host regulates this response to prevent sustained signaling and possible immune-mediated damage. Using a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening approach to identify host factors that modulate interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, we identified the DNA binding protein Barrier-to-autointegration factor 1 (Banf1), a previously described inhibitor of retrovirus integration, as a modulator of basal cell-intrinsic immunity. Ablation of Banf1 by gene editing resulted in chromatin activation near host defense genes with associated increased expression of ISGs, includin

Circulating Exosomal microRNAs as Predictive Biomarkers of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is an increasingly used approach for treatment of breast cancer. The pathological complete response (pCR) is considered a good predictor of disease-specific survival. This study investigated whether circulating exosomal microRNAs could predict pCR in breast cancer patients treated with NACT. Method: Plasma samples of 20 breast cancer patients treated with NACT were collected prior to and after the first cycle. RNA sequencing was used to determine microRNA profiling. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to explore the expression patterns and survivability of the candidate miRNAs, and their potential targets based on the expression levels and copy number variation (CNV) data. Results: Three miRNAs before that NACT (miR-30b, miR-328 and miR-423) predicted pCR in all of the analyzed samples. Upregulation of miR-127 correlated with pCR in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). After the first NACT dose, pCR was predicted by exo-miR-141, while miR-34a, exo-miR182, and exo-miR-183 predicted non-pCR. A significant correlation between the candidate miRNAs and the overall survival, subtype, and metastasis in breast cancer, suggesting their potential role as predictive biomarkers of pCR. Conclusions: If the miRNAs identified in this study are validated in a large cohort of patients, they might serve as predictive non-invasive liquid biopsy biomarkers for monitoring pCR to NACT in breast cancer