Cultural evolution in Vietnam’s early 20th century: a Bayesian networks analysis of Hanoi Franco-Chinese house designs

The study of cultural evolution has taken on an increasingly interdisciplinary and diverse approach in explicating phenomena of cultural transmission and adoptions. Inspired by this computational movement, this study uses Bayesian networks analysis, combining both the frequentist and the Hamiltonian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach, to investigate the highly representative elements in the cultural evolution of a Vietnamese city’s architecture in the early 20th century. With a focus on the façade design of 68 old houses in Hanoi’s Old Quarter (based on 78 data lines extracted from 248 photos), the study argues that it is plausible to look at the aesthetics, architecture, and designs of the house façade to find traces of cultural evolution in Vietnam, which went through more than six decades of French colonization and centuries of sociocultural influence from China. The in-depth technical analysis, though refuting the presumed model on the probabilistic dependency among the variables, yields several results, the most notable of which is the strong influence of Buddhism over the decorations of the house façade. Particularly, in the top 5 networks with the best Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) scores and p\u3c0.05, the variable for decorations (DC) always has a direct probabilistic dependency on the variable B for Buddhism. The paper then checks the robustness of these models using Hamiltonian MCMC method and find the posterior distributions of the models’ coefficients all satisfy the technical requirement. Finally, this study suggests integrating Bayesian statistics in the social sciences in general and for the study of cultural evolution and architectural transformation in particular

高層ビルによる高周波電波散乱解析

application/pdf【学位授与の要件】中央大学学位規則第4条第1項departmental bulletin pape

"Cultural additivity" and how the values and norms of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism co-exist, interact, and influence Vietnamese society: A Bayesian analysis of long-standing folktales, using R and Stan

Every year, the Vietnamese people reportedly burned about 50,000 tons of joss papers, which took the form of not only bank notes, but iPhones, cars, clothes, even housekeepers, in hope of pleasing the dead. The practice was mistakenly attributed to traditional Buddhist teachings but originated in fact from China, which most Vietnamese were not aware of. In other aspects of life, there were many similar examples of Vietnamese so ready and comfortable with adding new norms, values, and beliefs, even contradictory ones, to their culture. This phenomenon, dubbed "cultural additivity", prompted us to study the co-existence, interaction, and influences among core values and norms of the Three Teachings--Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism--as shown through Vietnamese folktales. By applying Bayesian logistic regression, we evaluated the possibility of whether the key message of a story was dominated by a religion (dependent variables), as affected by the appearance of values and anti-values pertaining to the Three Teachings in the story (independent variables).Comment: 8 figures, 35 page

Encouraging the Startup Spirit of Students: Implications and Solutions

Starting a business by the establishment of a new business or a new business project plays an important role in the economic development of each country. Promoting the entrepreneurial spirit of students at universities is the basis for contributing to the success of start-up countries. This study provides empirical evidence of factors affecting student entrepreneurship based on survey data of a sample of 321 students. The study results clarify the factors affecting the initial entrepreneurial intention of students, and are an important foundation for starting-up in the future. Since then, the findings from regression analysis are the basis to imply some solutions from the school and the Government to promote the entrepreneurial spirit of young people. Keywords: Entrepreneurship intention; Social-education environment; Taking risk; Student DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/11-4-07 Publication date: February 29th 202

TERPENOIDS FROM THE LEAVES AND STEMS OF DYSOXYLUM TPONGENSE

Study on chemical constituents from the leaves and stems of Dysoxylum tpongense Pierre resulted in the isolation of six known compounds (1–6). The chemical structures of isolated compounds were identified as cabraleahydroxylactone (1), cabraleahydroxylactone-3-acetate (2), (+) spathulenol (3), b-sitosterol (4), stigmasterol (5), and stigmast-4-en-3-one (6) by comparison of the physicochemical, interpretation of NMR and mass spectral data with that reported in the literature

Population structure and spatial patterns of trees in successional stages of tropical forest in Gia Lai, Vietnam

Regeneration will determine the success of forest restoration and affect the sustainability of future forest ecosystems. Research has been conducted to evaluate the characteristics of the regeneration storey and their spatial distribution on the ground. The study has established 10 plots (100 m x 100 m) for secondary forests, 10 plots for old-growth forests. Sub-plots (2 m x 2 m) were set up systemically to investigate the regeneration. The results showed that 148 species in secondary forest and 130 species in old-growth forest were found. The number of families in the secondary forest was lower than in the old-growth forest by 3 families. The Simpson index of both forest states was high (0.9769 and 0.9799 respectively). Canonical correspondence analysis exposed that species composition of both species and families between the two types of stages was significant dissimilar. There were clear groups of species and families appeared together with similar frequency in plots proved by hierarchical classification. In both stages, the height frequency distribution was inverse-J shape forms. And these distributions were different in studied types. The good regeneration in two studies states of forests were 67.9% and 55.7%. Regeneration quality was significant associated with height and light classes. The number of regenerating trees generated in each 1-hectare plot of the secondary forest was almost twice that of the old-growth forest. In the secondary forest, most plots illustrated that the spatial pattern was random at all scales. Contrary, in the old-growth forest, the patterns were much more complicated

Conservation, Exploitation And Use Of The Ginger Family (Zingiberaceae) At The National Genebank In Vietnam

There are 741 accessions in the ginger family such as turmeric, ginger, galangal, and pinecone ginger collections conserved at Plant Resources Center, Vietnam. These collections were highly diverse in the number of accessions and species composition. The results of the Zingiberaceae exploitation shown the G10 ginger variety plants reached around 63.7 - 77.5 cm in height, 400 - 500 g/clumps in fresh weight, 25 - 27 tonnes/ha in fresh yield. The G10 ginger variety contained 4.37% oil, 1.2 mg/kg Zn and 9.31 mg/100g Vitamin C. This G10 ginger variety resistance to leaf spot and green aphids. In addition, the N8 turmeric variety plants reached 130 - 170 cm in height; 880 - 1000 g/clumps in fresh weight and 35 tonnes/ha in yield, curcumin content 6.2 - 6.6%, essential oil contents 2.5 - 2.7%. This turmeric resistance to heat stress, leaf spot, and green aphids. The conserved root and tuber crops at PRC are very diverse both of the amount of sample in collections and species. Conservation and evaluation on root and tuber crops reviewed the promising G10 ginger and N8 turmeric varieties had high yield, good oil content to release for production