Методика прогноза дождевых паводков в бассейне Верхнего Амура (на примере р. Онон)

Актуальность работы. Бассейн Амура относится к паводкоопасному региону. Дождевые наводнения в бассейне верхнего Амура, носящие катастрофический характер, наблюдались за последнее столетие 8 раз. Они охватывали одновременно огромные территории, сопровождались человеческими жертвами, разрушением жилых и производственных зданий, инженерных коммуникаций. Эффективным способом борьбы с наводнениями является регулирование речного стока путем создания водохранилищ. Существующих водохранилищ в речной системе Амура не хватает, чтобы эффективно регулировать сток воды. Их строительство предусмотрено в планах дальнейшего освоения региона. Прогнозы притока паводковых вод являются одной из ключевых задач, позволяющих минимизировать ущерб от паводков и определить наиболее рациональный режим эксплуатации существующих и вновь создаваемых водохранилищ. Цель работы: на примере реки Онон исследовать процессы формирования наводнений и разработать методику их краткосрочного прогноза в бассейне верхнего Амура. Методы исследования: методы водного баланса, географо-гидрологические, статистические, математическое моделирование процессов формирования стока. Результаты. Для реализации прогноза ежедневных расходов (уровней) воды дождевых паводков адаптирована концептуальная модель Д.А. Буракова, используемая в сибирских подразделениях Росгидромета. В качестве ландшафтно-гидрологической основы построения модели принято деление бассейна на районы и высотные зоны. Исходной территориальной единицей осреднения гидрометеорологических характеристик в бассейнах горных рек является высотная зона. В пределах высотной зоны территориальная неравномерность распределения запасов снега и емкостного поглощения воды учитывается с помощью распределений вероятности. Отрезки времени, в течение которых суточное поступление воды на поверхность бассейна превышает суточное испарение и просачивание, образуют последовательные паводкообразующие периоды. Для каждых суток паводкообразующего периода рассчитывается водоотдача высотных зон на основе инфильтрационно-емкостной модели Е.Г. Попова, гравитационный запас воды на склонах и приток в русловую сеть. В основу модели расчета добегания притока воды по русловой сети положен интеграл свёртки (генетическая формула паводка). В результате выполненных исследований разработана методика прогноза ежедневных уровней воды в русловой системе р. Онон. Испытания методики в оперативном режиме в Читинском гидрометеорологическом центре показали ее эффективность.Relevance. The Amur basin is situated in a flood-inclined region. Over the course of the past century the disastrous pluvial flooding have occurred in the basin eight times. They covered huge territories, took peopleґs lives and caused considerable damage to residential and industrial buildings, engineering systems. One of the efficient methods to struggle the floods is to regulate the river run-off developing flood-control reservoirs. The number of existing reservoirs on the Amur river system is insignificant to control efficiently the river run-off. Their building is tied with further region development. The forecast of flood water inflow allows minimizing damage and identifying the most rational reservoir release rules for the existing and expected reservoirs. Aim of the research is to investigate the floods formation by the example of the Onon river and to develop the methods for short-term forecast of floods in the upper Amur basin. Research methods: water balance method, geographical and hydrological methods, statistical method, mathematical modeling of run-off formation. Results. The Burakovґs conceptual model is adapted to forecast daily rain floods water flows. This model is used by the Siberian department of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia. The landscape and hydrological basis for this model is the basin division into areas and altitudinal zones. The altitudinal zone is an initial territorial unit of averaging the hydrological characteristics of mountain rivers. Within the altitudinal zone, territorial irregularity of snow cover distribution and capacitive water absorption are taken into account by probability distribution. The periods, when the diurnal water entry to the surface of the basin exceeds the diurnal evaporation and infiltration, compose successive flood-forming periods. For each day of a flood-forming period, the water yield is estimated using the Popovґs infiltration capacitive model. Besides, the gravitational water storage on the slopes and the inflow in the channel network are calculated. The method, describing water lag along the river channels, is based on applying the convolution integral (the genetic flood formula). As a result of the research, the author has developed the method of forecasting daily water levels in the Onon riverbed system. The method was applied by the Chita department of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia and proved its efficiency

Управление государственными закупками в бюджетном учреждении

АННОТАЦИЯ Волынко Д.А. Выпускная квалификационная работа. НИ ТПУ, 2016. Дипломная работа: Управление закупками в бюджетном учреждении Стр.111, рис.28, табл.7, источников 36 Ключевые слова: закупки, аукцион, районная больница, ОГБУЗ «Чаинская РБ» Объектом исследования является Областное государственное бюджет-ное учреждение здравоохранения «Чаинская районная больница» Цель работы – На основе анализа развития управления бюджетным учреждением усовершенствовать технологию процесса закупок. В результате исследования, руководству районной больницы предложена новая система управления закупками в учреждении, благодаря которой, возможно снижение времени анализа, сбора данных, проверки и согласования процессов подготовки к конкурсным процедурам.ANNOTATION Volynko DA Final qualifying work. TPU, 2016. Thesis: Procurement management in the public institution Page 111, Figure 28, Table 7, the sources 36 Keywords: purchase, auction, district hospital, RSBIH "Chainskaya RB" The object of the research is Regional State Budget Institution of Health "Chainsky District Hospital" Purpose - Based on the analysis of budget management agency to improve the technology procurement process. The study, management proposed a new regional hospital procurement management system in the facility, thanks to which is possible to reduce the analysis time, data collection, validation and harmonization of processes of preparation for competitive bids

F-actin rearrangements and analysis of physical environment of invasive hyphal growth.

Invasive growth through a substrate requires a massive amount of penetrative force, and this is generated in the space of a few microns in a growing tip. This process is known to be critical in the root hair, pollen tube, rhizoids, and the topic of this thesis, hyphal growth. However defining the mechanisms underlying the tip growth remains a contentious issue. Shortcomings in control of direction and regulation of growth began to undermine early turgor-based theories, and the cytoskeletal protein actin, ubiquitous in nature and with crucial roles in structure and motility became a target for investigation. A major breakthrough came with the discovery that a characteristic actin depleted zone (ADZ) occurs at the growing tip of hyphae during invasive but not non-invasive hyphal growth. The ADZ is likely to have an important role in generating the greater protrusive force required for invasive growth. However, since its discovery, little has been determined about the characteristics of the ADZ. Uncertainty in the description of the physical environment the hyphae face adds a layer of complexity to interpretation of results. This thesis aims to address this issue, studying the impact of increasing agarose substrate concentration on the presence and dimensions of the ADZ in the oomycete A. bisexualis. Furthermore, agarose is examined by compression and imaging to compare the physical characteristics of the agar samples over the range of concentrations, and determine whether increasing agarose concentration influences agarose gel structure. Results suggest a difference in the number of ADZ observed in non-invasive compared with invasive samples, however no significant differences in the number or dimensions of ADZ were found amongst the 1-4% w/v agarose concentrations. The 0% sample showed 20.7 percent of hyphae exhibited depleted zones, while 1, 2, 3 and 4% samples showed 56.9%, 48.8%, 40.9% and 54.2% respectively. ADZ dimensions did not correlate with agarose concentration. The average ADZ area:hyphal diameter ratio was 0.634, 0.526, 0.430, 1.09, and 0.65 for 0-4% agarose concentrations respectively. Additionally, investigation of gel compression forces revealed gel strength increases with agarose concentration. The force required to compress the agarose increased from 1.85 Psi in 1% agarose to 4.85, 7.09 and 12.22 Psi in 2, 3 and 4% agarose concentrations respectively. SEM imaging, however, suggests heterogeneity of the fibrous interconnected network of agarose gels at a microscopic scale with variable porous structure at all agarose concentrations. This scale is relevant to hyphal tip growth. In combination, these results suggest F-actin depletion may be a response mechanism to provide greater force for invasive growth. Additionally, this response is not dependent on the concentration of the agarose media, possibly due to the variability encountered within the media. These results contribute another important step forward in unraveling the elusive mechanism of tip growth

Электрооборудование агрегата перекачки топлива

Объектом исследования является частотно-регулируемый электропривод переменного тока электронасосного агрегата. Целью выпускной квалификационной работы является проектирование электрооборудования и асинхронного электропривода насосного агрегата. В результате исследования была разработана системы регулирования насосного агрегата и защит. Выпускная квалификационная работа выполнена с помощью программ MATLAB, Mathcad 14, в текстовом редакторе MS Word и представлена на компакт - диске (в конверте на обороте обложки).Probe plant is the frequent-regulated electric drive of alternate current of the electropump aggregate. The purpose of final qualification operation is projection of electric equipment and the asynchronous electric drive of the pumping aggregate. As a result of probe has been developed regulating systems of the pumping aggregate and guards. Final qualification operation is executed by means of programs MATLAB, Mathcad 14, in text editor MS Word and is presented on a compact set - a disk (in an envelope on the back of a cover)

Методика развития умений аудирования студентов неязыкового вуза в условиях смешанного обучения (английский язык).

Научно-квалификационная работа посвящена проблеме развития умений аудирования студентов неязыкового вуза в условиях смешанного обучения. Представлен процесс разработки методики развития умений аудирования, предложен алгоритм ее реализации, охарактеризован специально созданный комплекс упражнений в электронной обучаюшей среде LMS Moodle.The qualifying research paper considers the issue of developing students’ listening skills in a non-linguistic university within a blended learning environment. Methodology for developing listening skills is presented and algorithm of its implementation is proposed. The paper describes a complex of special tasks developed for LMS Moodle e-learning platform

A Design Space Exploration of Creative Concepts for Care Robots: Questioning the Differentiation of Social and Physical Assistance

In an interdisciplinary project, creative concepts for care robotics were developed. To explore the design space that these open up, we discussed them along the common differentiation of physical (effective) and social-emotional assistance. Trying to rate concepts on these dimensions frequently raised questions regarding the relation between the social-emotional and the physical, and highlighted gaps and a lack of conceptual clarity. We here present our design concepts, report on our discussion, and summarize our insights; in particular we suggest that the social and the physical dimension of care technologies should always be thought of and designed as interrelated

Monalysin, a Novel ß-Pore-Forming Toxin from the Drosophila Pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila, Contributes to Host Intestinal Damage and Lethality

Pseudomonas entomophila is an entomopathogenic bacterium that infects and kills Drosophila. P. entomophila pathogenicity is linked to its ability to cause irreversible damages to the Drosophila gut, preventing epithelium renewal and repair. Here we report the identification of a novel pore-forming toxin (PFT), Monalysin, which contributes to the virulence of P. entomophila against Drosophila. Our data show that Monalysin requires N-terminal cleavage to become fully active, forms oligomers in vitro, and induces pore-formation in artificial lipid membranes. The prediction of the secondary structure of the membrane-spanning domain indicates that Monalysin is a PFT of the ß-type. The expression of Monalysin is regulated by both the GacS/GacA two-component system and the Pvf regulator, two signaling systems that control P. entomophila pathogenicity. In addition, AprA, a metallo-protease secreted by P. entomophila, can induce the rapid cleavage of pro-Monalysin into its active form. Reduced cell death is observed upon infection with a mutant deficient in Monalysin production showing that Monalysin plays a role in P. entomophila ability to induce intestinal cell damages, which is consistent with its activity as a PFT. Our study together with the well-established action of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins suggests that production of PFTs is a common strategy of entomopathogens to disrupt insect gut homeostasis

Perceptual judgment and saccadic behavior in a spatial distortion with briefly presented stimuli.

When observers are asked to localize the peripheral position of a small probe with respect to the mid-position of a spatially extended comparison stimulus, they tend to judge the probe as being more peripheral than the mid-position of the comparison stimulus. This relative mislocalization seems to emerge from differences in absolute localization, that is the comparison stimulus is localized more towards the fovea than the probe. The present study compared saccadic behaviour and relative localization judgements in three experiments and determined the quantitative relationship between both measures. The results showed corresponding effects in localization errors and saccadic behaviour. Moreover, it was possible to estimate the amount of the relative mislocalization by means of the saccadic amplitude