Stability of Relativistic Matter with Magnetic Fields for Nuclear Charges up to the Critical Value

We give a proof of stability of relativistic matter with magnetic fields all the way up to the critical value of the nuclear charge $Z\alpha=2/\pi$.Comment: LaTeX2e, 12 page

Study of the skeketal muscle fibers in purebred and crossbred Landrace, Large White and Duroc swine

The muscle fibers of the external obturador (1) and long of the neck (2) were analyzed in 12 swine, three from each genetic group. Histoenzymological techniques were employed ( HE – hematoxilin – eosin, acid mAtpase – Adenosin triphosfate miofibrilar, pH 4,6 and NADH-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Tetrazolium Reductase). This allowed to classify them to metabolism type (anaerobic or aerobic) and muscular contraction type (slow or fast). It was concluied that muscle 1 possesses more than 50% of fast twitch glycolitic fibers and muscle 2 more than 40% of slow twitch oxidative fibers. Both presented larger percentage of fast contraction fibers. Regarding metabolism, muscle 1 has a glycolitic (anaerobic) while 2 has an oxidative (aerobic) character

Variabilidade genética de duas populações de Astyanax altiparanae da bacia do alto rio Paraná.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a estrutura genética de duas populações de A. altiparanae da bacia do alto rio Paraná (Paranapanema e Tietê) através da análise de 11 marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélite.Organizado por: Sílvio Ricardo Maurano; AQUACIÊNCIA 2012

Identification of the muscular proteins of pigs submitted to the eletroforesis in polyacrilamide gel with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)

Fragments of two pigs muscles of Landrace, Large White, Duroc purebred and crossbred, the eletroforesis was submitted in polyacrilamide gel with SDS, being objectified to verify there would be a specific pattern for pigs and to identify through the molecular weights, the main proteins. The results show that there would be a specific pattern for swine and they were identified miosina heavy chain, actina, troponina, tropomiosina and a light chain of miosina

Characterization of genetic-biochemical polymorphism of enzymes in brazilian Mangalarga mares

In this tudy the polymorphism of transferrins was determined using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in a group of Brazilian Mangalarga mares. Blood plasma samples of 45 mares in reproductive age were used. The existence of patterns of 2, 3 and 4 bands with different mobilities, and of nine transferrin genotypes was demonstrated. Genotypes DD (22.2%) and DF (26.6%) were the most frequent, which is compatible with the situaiton found in the breeds of origin (Adalusian, Thoroughbred and Arabian) of the Mangalarga horse. The allele FfD was the most frequent, and could represent a possible environmental adaptation or a characteristic of sadle horses

Genetic-biochemical polymorphism of enzymes in Brazilian Mangalarga mares

A study was conducted with a group of mares of the Mangalarga breed in Brazil, with the aim of determining the electrophoretic pattern, in polyacrylmide gel, of the enzymes Acid Phosphatase, Alkaline Phosphatase and Peroxidase. Blood plasma samples of 45 mares in reproductive age were used. For Acid Phosphatase, we observed the existence of two alleles, A and B, with allelic frequencies of 0.28 and 0.72, respectively: corresponding to three genotypes AA, AB and BB. Allelic frequency demonstrated that the group was in Hardy-Weinberg-Castle balance. For Alkaline Phosphatase, three genotypes were verified: Type I (HA1), presenting only one band of fast migration; Type II (HA1-HA2 and HA1-HA3), presenting two bands, with HA2 of intermediary position and HA3 of slower motility; and Type III, presenting all three bands HA1, HA2 and HA3. Type I was most frequent, occurring in 21 animals. For Peroxidase, all animals presented a pattern of two bands, designated as genotype I, suggesting that this is a monomorphic locus in the population under study

CHALLENGE 6: Exposing the roots of mental disorders

Mental disorders have devastating and increasing impact in our societies. CSIC researchers face the challenge of determining the biological and social causes and consequences of these disorders, and of finding efficient therapies. To these aims, the collaborative effort of neuroscientists, neurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists and human and social scientists, the use and development of state-of-the-art technologies and the contact with patient associations and pharma industry are required.Peer reviewe

Transcriptomic changes linked to age-dependent neuromelanin accumulation in a new Parkinson's disease mouse model

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el 50th Annual Meeting Society for Neuroscience, celebrado de forma virtual del 8 al 11 de noviembre de 2021In Parkinson's disease (PD) there is a preferential degeneration of neuromelanin (NM)-containing neurons, especially neurons from the Substantia Nigra (SN) but also from the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and Locus Coeruleus (LC). We generated a new NM-producing mouse model, based on the tissue-specific constitutive expression of human tyrosinase (hTyr) under the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter (tgNM), that mimics the distribution and age-dependent accumulation of NM in the human brain (i.e. catecholaminergic groups A1-A14). TgNM mice exhibited major PD features, including both motor and non-motor behavioral alterations, inclusion body formation, neuronal degeneration in lower brainstem areas (LC) together with neuronal dysfunction in higher brainstem areas (SN and VTA). In order to understand the mechanisms by which NM accumulation in specific brain areas ultimately interferes with the normal functioning of cells, we characterized genome-wide transcriptomic changes linked to the intracellular presence and progressive accumulation of NM in two NM-accumulating neuronal subpopulations (SN and VTA) that are known to be differentially susceptible to PD pathology. We selectively isolated single dopaminergic NM-containing neurons by laser capture microdissection from male and female wild-type and tgNM animals at 3 months, 12 months and 20 months of age (n=4-6 mice per group). We performed differential expression analysis, resulting in statistically significant differentially expressed genes at all ages (p-value<0.5). Gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) with Reactome Pathway Database led to the identification of altered biological pathways in tgNM related to neuroinflammation, vesicle-mediated transport and lipid metabolism, transcription and translation, mitochondrial function and cell cycle (senescence) (False Discovery Rate<0.05). Targeted-based validation of candidate RNA species was performed in microdissected samples by quantitative real-time PCR and candidate biological pathways were validated at the protein level by western blot in dissected ventral midbrain tissues from biological replicates. The transcriptomic profiles identified in this project contribute to our understanding of selective vulnerability in PD and brain aging, and points to key biological pathways and molecular targets in prodromal and early PD

Optimizing both catalyst preparation and catalytic behaviour for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane of Ni-Sn-O catalysts

[EN] Bulk Ni-Sn-O catalysts have been synthesized, tested in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane and characterized by several physicochemical techniques. The catalysts have been prepared by evaporation of the corresponding salts using several additives in the synthesis gel, i.e. ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid, glyoxylic acid or oxalic acid, in the synthesis gel. The catalysts were finally calcined at 500 degrees C in air. Important changes in the catalytic behaviour have been observed depending on the additive. In fact, an important improvement in the catalytic performance is observed especially when some additives, such as glyoxylic or oxalic acid, are used. Thus the productivity to ethylene multiplies by 6 compared to the reference Ni-Sn-O catalyst if appropriate templates are used, and this is the result of an improvement in both the catalytic activity and the selectivity to ethylene. This improved performance has been explained in terms of the decrease of the crystallite size (and the increase in the surface area of catalyst) as well as the modification of the lattice parameter of nickel oxide.The authors would like to acknowledge the DGICYT in Spain (CTQ2015-68951-C3-1-R and CTQ2012-37925-C03-2) for financial support. We also thank the University of Valencia and SCSIE-UV for assistanceSolsona Espriu, BE.; López Nieto, JM.; Agouram, S.; Soriano Rodríguez, MD.; Dejoz, A.; Vázquez, MI.; Concepción Heydorn, P. (2016). Optimizing both catalyst preparation and catalytic behaviour for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane of Ni-Sn-O catalysts. Topics in Catalysis. 59(17-18):1564-1572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-016-0674-zS156415725917-18Heracleous E, Lee AF, Wilson K, Lemonidou AA (2005) J Catal 231:159–171Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA (2006) J Catal 237:162–174Savova B, Loridant S, Filkova D, Millet JMM (2010) Appl Catal A 390:148–157Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA (2010) J Catal 270:67–75Solsona B, Nieto JML, Concepcion P, Dejoz A, Ivars F, Vazquez MI (2011) J Catal 280:28–39Skoufa Z, Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA (2012) Catal Today 192:169–176Zhu H, Ould-Chikh S, Anjum DH, Sun M, Biausque G, Basset JM, Caps V (2012) J Catal 285:292–303Skoufa Z, Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA (2012) Chem Eng Sci 84:48–56Zhu H, Rosenfeld DC, Anjum DH, Caps V, Basset JM (2015) ChemSusChem 8:1254–1263Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA (2015) J Catal 322:118–129Solsona B, Concepcion P, Demicol B, Hernandez S, Delgado JJ, Calvino JJ, Nieto JML (2012) J Catal 295:104–114Nieto JML, Solsona B, Grasselli RK, Concepción P (2014) Top Catal 57:1248–1255Popescu I, Skoufa Z, Heracleous E, Lemonidou AA, Marcu IC (2015) PCCP 17:8138–8147Zhang X, Gong Y, Yu G, Xie Y (2002) J Mol Catal A 180:293–298Popescu I, Skoufa Z, Heracleous E, Lemonidou A, Marcu I-C (2015) Phys Chem Chem Phys 17:8138–8147Nakamura KI, Miyake T, Konishi T, Suzuki T (2006) J Mol Catal A 260:144–151Solsona B, Dejoz AM, Vazquez MI, Ivars F, Nieto JML (2009) Top Catal 52:751–757Bortolozzi JP, Gutierrez LB, Ulla MA (2013) Appl Catal A 452:179–188Takeguchi T, Furukawa S, Inoue M (2001) J Catal 202:14–24Richardson JT, Turk B, Twigg MV (1996) Appl Catal 148:97–112Biju V, Khadar MA (2002) J Nanopart Res 4:247–253Van Veenendaal MA, Sawatzky GA (1993) Phys Rev Lett 70:2459–2462Vedrine JC, Hollinger G, Duc TM (1978) J Phys Chem 82:1515–1520Salagre P, Fierro JLG, Medina F, Sueiras JE (1996) J Mol Catal A 106:125–13