EVIDÊNCIAS DE INFLAMAÇÃO DAS VIAS AÉREAS RESPIRATÓRIAS INFERIORES, EM POTROS PSI SAUDÁVEIS, ANTES DO INÍCIO DOS TREINAMENTOS

Obstruções do trato respiratório inferiorapresentam grande impacto no potencial atlético decavalos de corrida. Doença Inflamatória das ViasAéreas (DIVA) constitui achado comum em cavalosde corrida jovens. Esse estudo testou a hipótesede que a inflamação do trato respiratório inferiorpoderia iniciar ainda na vida no haras. Sete diferentesharas foram visitados, e 119 potros sobreanoforam investigados. As vias aéreas inferiores foramavaliadas através de exame clínico e endoscópico,e citologia do aspirado traqueal. Entre os potrosconsiderados clinicamente saudáveis, 90,76% evidenciarammuco traqueo-bronquial e os perfis citológicosevidenciaram reação inflamatória presente.A presente investigação confirma a presença deinflamação pulmonar em potros PSI antes do iníciodo treinamento, representando um risco potencial àcapacidade atlética futura.Lower respiratory airway obstruction has a major impact in racehorse athletic potential. Inflammatory Airway Disease (IAD) is a common finding in young racehorses. This study tested the hypothesis that lower airway inflammation could initiate in farm life. Seven different breeding farms were visited, and 119 yearlings were investigated. Lower airways were evaluated by clinical examination, endoscopy and cytology of the tracheal aspirate. From those yearlings considered clinically healthy, 90,76% evidenced tracheobronchial mucus and some showing cytological profile of inflammatory reaction. Then, the present investigation confirms the occurrence of inflammatory condition of the lower respiratory airways in thoroughbred yearlings before training has commenced, representing a potential risk for the future athletic performance in young racehorses

Infliximab Induces Increase in Triglyceride Levels in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients

Objectives. To evaluate lipid profile changes after anti-TNF therapy in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods. Fifteen PsA patients (eight polyarticular, four oligoarticular, two axial, and one mutilating) under infliximab were included. None had dyslipoproteinemia or previous statin use. Total cholesterol (TC) and its fractions, inflammatory markers, and prednisone use were evaluated. Results. The comparisons of lipid levels between baseline and after three months (3M) of anti-TNF therapy showed that there was a significant increase in mean triglycerides (117.8 ± 49.7 versus 140.1 ± 64.1 mg/dL, P = 0.028) and VLDL-c (23.6 ± 10.5 versus 28.4 ± 13.7 mg/dL, P = 0.019) levels. In contrast, there were no differences in the mean TC (P = 0.28), LDL-c (P = 0.42), and HDL-c (P = 0.26) levels. Analysis of the frequencies of each lipid alteration at baseline and at 3M were alike (P > 0.05). Positive correlations were found between VLDL-c and CRP (r = 0.647, P = 0.009) and between triglycerides and CRP (r = 0.604, P = 0.017) levels at 3M. ESR reduction was observed after 3M (P = 0.04). Mean prednisone dose remained stable at beginning and at 3M (P = 0.37). Conclusion. This study demonstrated that anti-TNF may increase TG and VLDL-c levels in PsA patients after three months

Aspirado traqueal de cavalos clinicamente sadios da raça Quarto de Milha após prova de três tambores

The aim of the present study wasto evaluate through endoscopy the trachealaspiration cytology in twenty seven Quarter Horsesfrom Curitiba and surroundings, following theThree Barrel Competittion. Upper respiratory tractsecretion was obtained by tracheal aspiration usinga polyethylene catheter introduced through theendoscopic fiberoptic working channel, at the level oftracheal bifurcation. Cytologic slides were preparedby smear and stained by diff-quick technique andthe differential was performed in 500 cells countingby 1,000X optic microscopy. None of the horsespresented abnormality, including epixtasis, at theclinical examination. However, hemosiderophageswere detected at cytology in three animals,suggesting that some may be suffering of subclinicalpulmonary hemorrhage. Differential cell countingof tracheal aspiration results were, in average:44.09 ± 35.68% of epithelial cells; 1.10 ± 2.18%of Globet cells; 23.10 ± 35.93% of neutrophils;0.13 ± 0.37% of lymphocytes; 0.91 ± 2.81% ofeosinophils; 30.57 ± 23.62% of macrophages and0.13 ± 0.93% of hemosiderophages. In conclusion,based in the present study, the evaluation of cellularpopulations with the tracheal aspiration may offerimportant additional information to the clinician,particularly about the inflammatory processes oflower respiratory tract and pulmonary bleeding.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar,com o auxílio de endoscopia, a citologia do aspiradotraqueal em vinte sete cavalos da raça Quartode Milha, provenientes de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana,após prova de Três Tambores. Foi obtidasecreção das vias aéreas por aspirado traquealcom cateter de polietileno introduzido no canal detrabalho do endoscópio, na altura da bifurcação traqueal.As lâminas citológicas foram preparadas poresfregaço e coradas pela técnica de panótico rápidoe a contagem diferencial foi realizada em 500células através de microscopia óptica com aumentode 1000 vezes. Nenhum dos cavalos apresentouanormalidade, incluindo epistaxe, ao exame clínico.Entretanto, à citologia detectou-se hemossiderófagosem três animais, sugerindo que alguns delespoderiam estar sofrendo de hemorragia pulmonarsubclínica. A contagem diferencial de células do aspiradotraqueal foi em média de: 44,09 ± 35,68% decélulas epiteliais; 1,10 ± 2,18% de células caliciformes;23,10 ± 35,93% de neutrófilos; 0,13 ± 0,37%de linfócitos; 0,91 ± 2,81% de eosinófilos; 30,57 ±23,62% de macrófagos e 0,13 ± 0,93% de hemossiderófagos.Em conclusão, baseado no presentetrabalho, a avaliação das populações celularescom o aspirado traqueal pode fornecer ao clínicoimportantes informações adicionais, especialmenteacerca de processos inflamatórios das vias aéreasinferiores e hemorragia pulmonar

Chemical-bromatological composition of silages from biomass sorghum genotypes.

The biomass sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] was developed for energy production, but its agronomic characteristics make it an alternative plant for silage production. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical-bromatological composition of silages from biomass sorghum genotypes. The experimental genotypes B004, B005, B009, B010, B011, B013, B015 and B020, as well as three commercially available genotypes (BRS655, Volumax and K1009), were evaluated. The pH, dry matter, ash, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose and lignin were analyzed. A completely randomized design, with four replications, was used, having the genotypes as treatments. Although significant differences were observed among the 11 genotypes, the chemical-bromatological composition of all them showed their potential to be used for silage production

Heme oxygenase-1 activity is involved in the control of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the lung of BALB/c and C57BL/6 and in the small intestine of C57BL/6 mice

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme that catabolizes free heme, which induces an intense inflammatory response. The expression of HO-1 is induced by different stimuli, triggering an anti-inflammatory response during biological stress. It was previously verified that HO-1 is able to induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme that is induced by IFN-γ in Toxoplasma gondii infection. To verify the role of HO-1 during in vivo T. gondii infection, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were infected with the ME49 strain and treated with zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX) or hemin, which inhibit or induce HO-1 activity, respectively. The results show that T. gondii infection induced high levels of HO-1 expression in the lung of BALB/c and C57BL6 mice. The animals treated with ZnPPIX presented higher parasitism in the lungs of both lineages of mice, whereas hemin treatment decreased the parasite replication in this organ and in the small intestine of infected C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, C57BL/6 mice infected with T. gondii and treated with hemin showed higher levels of IDO expression in the lungs and small intestine than uninfected mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that HO-1 activity is involved in the control of T. gondii in the lungs of both mouse lineages, whereas the hemin, a HO-1 inducer, seems to be involved in the control of parasitism in the small intestine of C57BL/6 mice.This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Vacinas (INCTV)

2021 DORIS definition of remission in SLE: final recommendations from an international task force.

OBJECTIVE: To achieve consensus on a definition of remission in SLE (DORIS). BACKGROUND: Remission is the stated goal for both patient and caregiver, but consensus on a definition of remission has been lacking. Previously, an international task force consisting of patient representatives and medical specialists published a framework for such a definition, without reaching a final recommendation. METHODS: Several systematic literature reviews were performed and specific research questions examined in suitably chosen data sets. The findings were discussed, reformulated as recommendations and voted on. RESULTS: Based on data from the literature and several SLE-specific data sets, a set of recommendations was endorsed. Ultimately, the DORIS Task Force recommended a single definition of remission in SLE, based on clinical systemic lupus erythematosus disease activitiy index (SLEDAI)=0, Evaluator's Global Assessment <0.5 (0-3), prednisolone 5 mg/day or less, and stable antimalarials, immunosuppressives, and biologics. CONCLUSION: The 2021 DORIS definition of remission in SLE is recommended for use in clinical care, education, and research including clinical trials and observational studies

Desvendando a síndrome antifosfolípide catastrófica (síndrome de Asherson)

O quadro clínico de trombose generalizada de múltiplos órgãos acompanhada de insuficiência ou falência dos mesmos, em associação com anticorpos antifosfolípides, é chamado de "síndrome antifosfolípide catastrófica" (síndrome de Asherson). Esta é uma variante da síndrome antifosfolípide, que pode ocorrer em pacientes sem este diagnóstico ou mesmo durante o curso da síndrome primária e/ou secundária, mesmo com terapêutica anticoagulante. Os pacientes apresentam, principalmente, oclusões de pequenos vasos e as manifestações clínicas dependem dos órgãos acometidos. Fatores desencadeantes podem ser observados em metade dos casos e, apesar dos tratamentos, a sua mortalidade ainda é alta. Esta revisão apresentará a evolução de nossos conhecimentos sobre esta condição e como nós a compreendemos na atualidade