Conformal Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Communications: Performance Evaluation

In this paper, we study the influence of the radius of a cylindrical supporting structure on radiation properties of a conformal millimeter-wave antenna array. Bent antenna array structures on cylindrical surfaces may have important applications in future mobile devices. Small radii may be needed if the antenna is printed on the edges of mobile devices and in items which human beings are wearing, such as wrist watches, bracelets and rings. The antenna under study consists of four linear series-fed arrays of four patch elements and is operating at 58.8 GHz with linear polarization. The antenna array is fabricated on polytetrafluoroethylene substrate with thickness of 0.127 mm due to its good plasticity properties and low losses. Results for both planar and conformal antenna arrays show rather good agreement between simulation and measurements. The results show that conformal antenna structures allow achieving large angular coverage and may allow beam-steering implementations if switches are used to select between different arrays around a cylindrical supporting structure.Comment: Keywords: conformal antenna, millimeter-wave communications, patch antenna array. 11 pages, 10 figures, 1 tabl

Analycity and smoothing effect for the coupled system of equations of Korteweg - de Vries type with a single point singularity

We study that a solution of the initial value problem associated for the coupled system of equations of Korteweg - de Vries type which appears as a model to describe the strong interaction of weakly nonlinear long waves, has analyticity in time and smoothing effect up to real analyticity if the initial data only has a single point singularity at $x=0.

In vitro screening of interspecific hybrids (Malus spp.) for resistance to apple proliferation

A breeding programme was set up six years ago in Trentino as part of the Project “Scopazzi del Melo - Apple Proliferation” (SMAP) in order to obtain AP resistant apple rootstocks.Twenty-six hybrids generated from the crossings (Malus sieboldii, second generation, x Malus domestica) were micropropagated and studied in standardised conditions. An in vitro screening system for AP resistance previously set for the parents of the crosses was adopted and modified. Specific symptoms of the disease, as well as height and basal proliferation of the shoot and size of the leaves, were recorded in vitro at 3 months post-inoculation. At the same time, phytoplasma concentration was determined in the whole shoot by quantitative RT-PCR. An in vitro disease index taking into account all the above-mentioned parameters was developed.Each healthy genotype was graft-inoculated in triplicate with two different phytoplasma strains after plant rooting and acclimatisation. Phenotype and phytoplasma titre were evaluated in the roots the year after infection.Preliminary results indicated that the resistance trait segregates in the progenies. The resistant genotypes had lower phytoplasma concentrations than the susceptible controls, did not show AP-specific symptoms and their growth was not affected by infection. By comparing the resistant behaviour of the same genotypes, the in vitro screening allows for a quick selection of genotypes that are worth evaluating in the field for agronomic traits.Keywords: Apple Proliferation, Malus sieboldii, resistance screening, quantitative real-time PCR, disease inde

Propagação do calor em uma barra homogênea com condições de fronteira e dependendo de um parâmetro real

In this work the permanent temperature, in one homogeneous bar with boundary conditions that depends of a real parameters, was determined. The problem to be resolved was find the analytical solution of the heat equation ut =α2 uxx with the initial condition u (x, 0) = 0, ≤ x ≤ L and the contours conditions u (0, t) = 0 and u (L, t) = sen t, t> 0.Neste trabalho se determinou a temperatura permanente de uma barra homogénea, sujeita a condições iniciais e de fronteira que dependem de um parâmetro real.O problema a ser resolvido foi o de encontrar a solução analítica da equação do calor ut =α2 uxx com a condição inicial u (x, 0) = 0, ≤ x ≤ L e as condições de contorno u(0, t) = 0 e u(L,t)= sen t, t > 0

Desenvolvimento e reprodução da mariposa-oriental em macieira e pessegueiro.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de estágios imaturos e parâmetros reprodutivos de adultos de Grapholita molesta em dietas naturais, constituídas de ramos e frutos de pessegueiro 'Vanguarda', frutos de macieira 'Gala' e 'Fuji', e em dieta artificial à base de milho. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado. Considerou-se cada inseto uma repetição e, no estudo dos parâmetros biológicos dos adultos, cada casal foi considerado uma repetição. Foi calculada a tabela de vida de fertilidade. O tempo para o desenvolvimento das lagartas foi menor em ramos e frutos do pessegueiro, em comparação a frutos de macieira e dieta à base de farinha de milho. Quanto à sobrevivência das larvas, não houve diferença entre as dietas. Com base na tabela de vida de fertilidade, os frutos da cultivar Fuji foram mais adequados ao desenvolvimento de G. molesta do que os da Gala. Os ramos de pessegueiro foram mais adequados ao desenvolvimento do inseto do que os frutos. A dieta à base de farinha de milho foi adequada para a criação dos insetos em laboratório. As dietas avaliadas afetam a taxa de sobrevivência, o desenvolvimento e o potencial de crescimento populacional de G. molesta

Burrknots as food source for larval development of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on apple trees.

Grapholita molesta (Busck) is one of the main pests of apple trees, and lives on their shoots and fruits. In southern Brazil, the insect is also found on old branches and structures similar to aerial roots, so-called burrknots. This study evaluated the development and population growth potential of G. molesta fed on burrknots, compared with apple fruit cultivar. Fuji and a corn-based artiÞcial diet. The study was carried out in the laboratory under controlled temperature (25 1C), relative humidity (7010%), and photophase (16 h). The biological parameters of the immature and adult stages were determined, and a fertility life table was constructed. Insects fed on burrknots showed a longer duration and a lower survival for the egg-to-adult period (29.3 d and 22.5%) compared with those that fed on apples (25.1 d and 30.0%) and artiÞcial diet (23.9 d and 54.8%). Insects reared on aerial roots had a lower pupal weight (10.0 mg) compared with those reared on either artiÞcial diet (13.7 mg) or apple cultivar. Fuji (12.4 mg). The fecundity and longevity of males and females did not signiÞcantly differ for the three foods. Based on the fertility life table, insects reared on burrknots had the lowest net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of population growth (rm) and finite rate of increase, compared with insects reared on artiÞcial diet and apple fruit. Burrknots support the development of the complete cycle of G. molesta, which allows populations of this pest to increase in orchards