GÖKPINAR BARAJI (DENİZLİ) DOLUSAVAK VE EŞİK YAPISI TEMEL ZEMİNİNDE YAPILAN JEOTEKNİK ÇALIŞMALAR

Dams, regulators, irrigation canals etc. have been built to use water resources for economic aims. These types of engineering structures, have to control enormous volume of water, are required to determine all the geological and geotechnical properties of the construction site. The main goal of the study is to mitigate the geological and geotechnical hazards by assessing the pressuremeter test and borehole data performed on the spillway and gate of Gökpınar Dam in Denizli. Geological and geotechnical characteristics of the spillway and gate were also given in the text. Pressuremeter and pull-out tests were carried out on spillway and gate foundations and the obtained results have been correlated to projects data. Some details have also been given about re-enforcement of the weak soil includes cement injection, and bolts.Su kaynaklarının ekonomiye kazandırılması amacıyla baraj, gölet, regülatör ve sulama ana kanalları gibi yapılar inşa edilmektedir. Büyük miktardaki suyun kontrol altında tutulmasını gerektiren bu tür mühendislik yapılarının uzun yıllar kullanılabilmesi; üzerine inşa edileceği jeolojik birimlerin jeoteknik özelliklerinin iyi belirlenerek buna uygun proje tasarımı ve zemin iyileştirmesi yapılmasına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Gökpınar Barajı (Denizli) dolusavak ve eşik yapısı temel zemininde yapılan saha incelemeleri ile temel sondajı ve presiyometre deneylerinin sonuçlarına göre yapılan jeoteknik iyileştirme önlemlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Baraj alanındaki jeolojik birimlerin jeolojisi ile dolusavak ve eşik yapısının altındaki birimlerin mühendislik özellikleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Dolusavak ve eşik yapısının oturacağı birimlerin taşıma gücü ve oturma hesaplarına yönelik olarak yerinde (in-situ) presiyometre ve çekme deneyleri yapılmış; bu deneylerin sonuçları yorumlanarak, inşa edilecek yapıdan gelecek yük ile zeminin emniyetli taşıma gücü karşılaştırılmıştır. Zayıf taşıma gücüne sahip birimlerin güçlendirilmesi için alınması gereken önlemler ve güçlendirme işlemleri (zemin sağlamlaştırma enjeksiyonu, ankraj çalışması vb) hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir

Control of intestinal stem cell function and proliferation by mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism.

Most differentiated cells convert glucose to pyruvate in the cytosol through glycolysis, followed by pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondria. These processes are linked by the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), which is required for efficient mitochondrial pyruvate uptake. In contrast, proliferative cells, including many cancer and stem cells, perform glycolysis robustly but limit fractional mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation. We sought to understand the role this transition from glycolysis to pyruvate oxidation plays in stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Loss of the MPC in Lgr5-EGFP-positive stem cells, or treatment of intestinal organoids with an MPC inhibitor, increases proliferation and expands the stem cell compartment. Similarly, genetic deletion of the MPC in Drosophila intestinal stem cells also increases proliferation, whereas MPC overexpression suppresses stem cell proliferation. These data demonstrate that limiting mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism is necessary and sufficient to maintain the proliferation of intestinal stem cells

Cognitive functioning throughout adulthood and illness stages in individuals with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Important questions remain about the profile of cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders across adulthood and illness stages. The age-associated profile of familial impairments also remains unclear, as well as the effect of factors, such as symptoms, functioning, and medication. Using cross-sectional data from the EU-GEI and GROUP studies, comprising 8455 participants aged 18 to 65, we examined cognitive functioning across adulthood in patients with psychotic disorders (n = 2883), and their unaffected siblings (n = 2271), compared to controls (n = 3301). An abbreviated WAIS-III measured verbal knowledge, working memory, visuospatial processing, processing speed, and IQ. Patients showed medium to large deficits across all functions (ES range = –0.45 to –0.73, p < 0.001), while siblings showed small deficits on IQ, verbal knowledge, and working memory (ES = –0.14 to –0.33, p < 0.001). Magnitude of impairment was not associated with participant age, such that the size of impairment in older and younger patients did not significantly differ. However, first-episode patients performed worse than prodromal patients (ES range = –0.88 to –0.60, p < 0.001). Adjusting for cannabis use, symptom severity, and global functioning attenuated impairments in siblings, while deficits in patients remained statistically significant, albeit reduced by half (ES range = –0.13 to –0.38, p < 0.01). Antipsychotic medication also accounted for around half of the impairment in patients (ES range = –0.21 to –0.43, p < 0.01). Deficits in verbal knowledge, and working memory may specifically index familial, i.e., shared genetic and/or shared environmental, liability for psychotic disorders. Nevertheless, potentially modifiable illness-related factors account for a significant portion of the cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders

perspective

For Anatolian earthquakes, there are insufficient strong motion data from rock sites to model an attenuation relationship for Turkey. This necessitates the use of records from soil sites, which are significantly affected by amplification. In order to include soil site data in the attenuation analyses, boreholes were drilled at 64 recording stations on soil sites. After removing the effects of soil amplification, rock site and soil site data were combined to establish an attenuation relationship. Various models were tested through regression analyses using moment magnitude, epicentral distance and threshold peak horizontal ground acceleration. A new attenuation relationship is modeled for Turkey

Erratum to: Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block in a child with acute upper respiratory infection

PMID = 2887130

Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Lake Van basin, Turkey

The seismic hazard for the Lake Van basin is computed using a probabilistic approach, along with the earthquake data from 1907 to present. The spatial distribution of seismic events between the longitudes of 41-45A degrees and the latitudes of 37.5-40A degrees, which encompasses the region, indicates distinct seismic zones. The positions of these zones are well aligned with the known tectonic features such as the Tutak-CaldA +/- ran fault zone, the A-zalp fault zone, the GevaAY fault zone, the Bitlis fault zone and KarlA +/- ova junction where the North Anatolian fault zone and East Anatolian fault zone meet. These faults are known to have generated major earthquakes which strongly affected cities and towns such as Van, MuAY, Bitlis, A-zalp, Muradiye, CaldA +/- ran, ErciAY, Adilcevaz, Ahlat, Tatvan, GevaAY and GurpA +/- nar. The recurrence intervals of M (s) a parts per thousand yen 4 earthquakes were evaluated in order to obtain the parameters of the Gutenberg-Richter measurements for seismic zones. More importantly, iso-acceleration maps of the basin were produced with a grid interval of 0.05 degrees. These maps are developed for 100- and 475- year return periods, utilizing the domestic attenuation relationships. A computer program called Sistehan II was utilized to generate these maps

Ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block in a child with acute upper respiratory infection : A case report

PMID = 2879519