4,664 research outputs found
Jasmonic acid methyl ester induces xylogenesis and modulates auxin-induced xylary cell identity with NO Involvement
In Arabidopsis basal hypocotyls of dark-grown seedlings, xylary cells may form from the pericycle as an alternative to adventitious roots. Several hormones may induce xylogenesis, as Jasmonic acid (JA), as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) auxins, which also affect xylary identity. Studies with the ethylene (ET)-perception mutant ein3eil1 and the ET-precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), also demonstrate ET involvement in IBA-induced ectopic metaxylem. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO), produced after IBA/IAA-treatments, may affect JA signalling and interact positively/negatively with ET. To date, NO-involvement in ET/JA-mediated xylogenesis has never been investigated. To study this, and unravel JA-effects on xylary identity, xylogenesis was investigated in hypocotyls of seedlings treated with JA methyl-ester (JAMe) with/without ACC, IBA, IAA. Wild-type (wt) and ein3eil1 responses to hormonal treatments were compared, and the NO signal was quantified and its role evaluated by using NO-donors/scavengers. Ectopic-protoxylem increased in the wt only after treatment with JAMe(10 μM), whereas in ein3eil1 with any JAMe concentration. NO was detected in cells leading to either xylogenesis or adventitious rooting, and increased after treatment with JAMe(10 μM) combined or not with IBA(10 μM). Xylary identity changed when JAMe was applied with each auxin. Altogether, the results show that xylogenesis is induced by JA and NO positively regulates this process. In addition, NO also negatively interacts with ET-signalling and modulates auxin-induced xylary identity
Color variation and characterization of broiler breast meat during processing in Italy
The variation in broiler breast meat color (L*a*b*) which normally occurs during processing was evaluated using a Minolta Chroma Meter on a total of 6,997 broiler breast fillets (P. major muscles) from a total of 79 different flocks. The samples were randomly collected at 3-6 h post-mortem from the deboning line at a single major Italian processing plant. In addition, a total of 216 fillets were selected based on lightness (L*) values as being dark (L*56) and analyzed for ultimate pH, intact and ground meat cooking loss and shear value. The overall range in measured lightness (L*) was considerable and varied from 40 (dark) to 66 (pale) indicating that high breast meat color variation during processing could exist. Broiler breast meat during summer was found to be paler (+1.7 L* unit), less red (-1.0 a* unit) and less yellow (-0.7 b* unit) than breast meat samples collected during the winter confirming that the incidence of pale meat is greater during summer as indicated by non-scientific observations of plant personnel. It was also determined that paler (L*>56) breast meat is associated with lower ultimate pH and poorer water holding capacity, while dark (L*<50) breast meat is associated with higher muscle pH and cooking yield
Production structure, employment, and corporate governance
This chapter describes the main characteristics of the productive and financial structures that differentiate our ideal-typical paths of more or less dynamic and inclusive growth.
There is a strong presence of small businesses in the non-inclusive low growth economies (NILG) as a proxy for family governance. In the dualistic inclusive growth (DIG) countries, the most prominent companies have a significant weight; relations with banking institutions are structured in the medium to long term, often with forms of participation in the ownership of companies and a greater centrality of financial intermediation emerges. The egalitarian inclusive growth (EIG) economies show a more significant presence of state enterprises, but, more generally, the importance of the banking system is confirmed. In the non-inclusive growth (NIG), there is the presence of public companies, a greater centrality of the stock exchange and the stock market under the pressure of governance devoted to the creation of shareholder value, and a lower employee presence in the firm’s governance. The analysis shows different inequality trends and presents a high institutional complementarity with the other policy arenas discussed in the volume
Surface magnetic canting in a ferromagnet
The surface magnetic canting (SMC) of a semi-infinite film with ferromagnetic
exchange interaction and competing bulk and surface anisotropies is
investigated via a nonlinear mapping formulation of mean-field theory
previously developed by our group [L. Trallori et al., Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 10,
1935-1988 (1996)], and extended to the case where an external magnetic field is
applied to the system. When the field H is parallel to the film plane, the
condition for SMC is found to be the same as that recently reported by Popov
and Pappas [Phys. Rev. B 64, 184401 (2001)]. The case of a field H applied
perpendicularly to the film plane is also investigated. In both cases, the
zero-temperature equilibrium configuration is easily determined by our
theoretical approach.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
The complete set of solutions of the geodesic equations in the space-time of a Schwarzschild black hole pierced by a cosmic string
We study the geodesic equations in the space-time of a Schwarzschild black
hole pierced by an infinitely thin cosmic string and give the complete set of
analytical solutions of these equations for massive and massless particles,
respectively. The solutions of the geodesic equations can be classified
according to the particle's energy and angular momentum, the ratio between the
component of the angular momentum aligned with the axis of the string and the
total angular momentum, the deficit angle of the space-time and as well the
horizon radius (or mass) of the black hole. For bound orbits of massive test
particles we calculate the perihelion shift, we discuss light deflection and
comment on the Newtonian limit.Comment: 21 pages; section 3 shortened, references added; accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev.
Seleção de bactérias promotoras para produção orgânica de soja e trigo.
Errata/Autoria: BETTI, L. A
Food intake and nutritional status in stable hemodialysis patients.
evaluate changes of actual dietary nutrient intake in 94 stable
hemodialysis patients in respect to 52 normal subjects and guideline
recommendations, and to assess the prevalence of signs of
malnutrition. Energy and nutrients intake assessment was
obtained by a three-day period food recall. Anthropometric and
biochemical parameters of nutrition, bioelectric impedance vector
analysis, and subjective global assessment (SGA) have been
performed to assess nutritional status. SGA-B was scored in 5% of
the patients. Body mass index < 20 Kg/m2, serum albumin <35 g/L,
nPNA < 1.0 g/Kg, and phase angle <4.0° were detected in 16.3%,
16%, 23%, and 8.0 % of patients, respectively. HD patients
showed a lower energy and protein intake in respect to controls,
but no difference occurred when normalized per ideal body weight
(29.3 ± 8.4 vs. 29.5 ± 8.4 Kcal/Kg i.b.w./d and 1.08 ± 0.35 vs. 1.12
± 0.32 Kcal/Kg i.b.w. /d, respectively). Age was the only parameter
that inversely correlates with energy (r = −0.35, p < 0.001) and
protein intake (r = −0.34, p < 0.001). This study shows that in
stable dialysis patients, abnormalities of nutritional parameters
are less prevalent than expected by analysis of dietary food
intake. Age is the best predictor of energy and protein intake in
the dialysis patients who ate less than normal people, but no
difference emerged when energy and protein intakes were normalized
for body weight. These results recall the attention for
individual dietetic counseling in HD patients, and also for a
critical re-evaluation of their dietary protein and energy
requirements
Results on Multiple Coulomb Scattering from 12 and 20 GeV electrons on Carbon targets
Multiple scattering effects of 12 and 20 GeV electrons on 8 and 20 mm
thickness carbon targets have been studied with high-resolution silicon
microstrip detectors of the UA9 apparatus at the H8 line at CERN. Comparison of
the scattering angle between data and GEANT4 simulation shows excellent
agreement in the core of the distributions leaving some residual disagreement
in the tails.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figures. Updated to match published versio
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