Desenvolvimento do citrange 'troyer' infectado com fungo micorrizico, em dois substratos de cultivo.

Plantulas de citrange 'Troyer' [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] semeadas em bandejas de plastico contendo uma mistura de substrato formada por areia silicea + perlita + turfa Sphagnum (3:2:1, v.v.v.), foram infectadas, ou nao, com o fungo endomicorrizico Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith. Apos 60 dias da semeadura, essas plantulas foram transplantadas para recipientes de polietileno preto expandido de 5 litros. A partir desse momento, estudou-se o efeito de duas misturas de substratos de cultivo [substrato a base de areia silicea + perlita + turfa Sphagnum (3:2:1, v.v.v.), e substrato a base de turfa: turfa negra + turfa Sphagnum (1:1, v:v) e das micorrizas arbusculares (MA), visando avaliar a acao das MA sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo do citrange 'Troyer' cultivado em dois substratos com caracteristicas fisicas e fisico-quimicas muito distintas. A presenca de MA incrementou o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantulas, independentemente do substrato de cultivo. A diferenca de crescimento entre plantulas micorrizadas e nao-micorrizadas foi mais acentuada nas plantulas cultivadas no substrato a base de turfa, o que indica que esse substrato, apesar de rico em materia organica, nao prejudicou a acao das MA: ao contrario, proporcionou plantulas com maior diametro de colo, o que poderia ser um indicativo para antecipacao da epoca de enxertia.Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-19T07:18:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DESENVOLVIMENTO.pdf: 484298 bytes, checksum: aae259fd879f28d501960b4ab0ab7c4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997-12-05199

Effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in preventing community-acquired pneumonia hospitalization and severe outcomes in the elderly in Spain

Pneumococcal pneumonia is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, but investigation of the etiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is not possible in most hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPSV23) in preventing CAP hospitalization and reducing the risk of intensive care unit admission (ICU) and fatal outcomes in hospitalized people aged ≥65 years. We made a multicenter case-control study in 20 Spanish hospitals during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. We selected patients aged 65 years hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia and controls matched by sex, age and date of hospitalization. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression to estimate vaccine effectiveness and unconditional logistic regression to evaluate the reduction in the risk of severe and fatal outcomes. 1895 cases and 1895 controls were included; 13.7% of cases and 14.4% of controls had received PPSV23 in the last five years. The effectiveness of PPSV23 in preventing CAP hospitalization was 15.2% (95% CI -3.1-30.3). The benefit of PPSV23 in avoiding ICU admission or death was 28.1% (95% CI -14.3-56.9) in all patients, 30.9% (95% CI -32.2-67.4) in immunocompetent patients and 26.9% (95% CI -38.6-64.8) in immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, PPSV23 showed a modest trend to avoidance of hospitalizations due to CAP and to the prevention of death or ICU admission in elderly patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of CAP