3,185 research outputs found

    PSYC 3320

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    PSYC 1520

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    Through A Prism: A Reflection of the Culture of Leadership

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    Leadership in education presents from both an informal and formal change agent perspective. An exploration of how an informal leader from a constructivist leadership stance could effect change through Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) in a hierarchical organization was undertaken. Using Bolman and Deal’s (2013) theoretical frames to develop an understanding of the lens through which people view the workings within an educational institute, I chose to use Cawsey, Deszca, and Ingles’ (2016) Change Path Model to develop an organizational change plan. The plan is to attempt to effect change through Professional Learning Communities. Using the Provincial Education Program of Studies, the school board’s Three Year Plan and the individual school’s School Development Plan as a starting point, I look to understand the structure and the philosophy of the organization that I work within. As an informal leader, it is through PLCs and the following of an examination protocol that change can be effected. Assessment of teacher instruction and practice through and a study of student artifacts leads to critical reflection. The deliberateness of the analysis will play a role in the change agent’s success. As an informal leader attempting to move practice forward, there are limitations to what can be achieved. Being able to impact other teachers’ practice ultimately depends on the individual teachers, as well as the formal leadership within the school. What is significant about this OIP is the journey involved in understanding the impact that stakeholders have on educational practice, how an informal leader can effect change in a hierarchically organized system, and the value in understanding the purpose of work being done in PLCs

    Reliability and performance evaluation of systems containing embedded rule-based expert systems

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    A method for evaluating the reliability of real-time systems containing embedded rule-based expert systems is proposed and investigated. It is a three stage technique that addresses the impact of knowledge-base uncertainties on the performance of expert systems. In the first stage, a Markov reliability model of the system is developed which identifies the key performance parameters of the expert system. In the second stage, the evaluation method is used to determine the values of the expert system's key performance parameters. The performance parameters can be evaluated directly by using a probabilistic model of uncertainties in the knowledge-base or by using sensitivity analyses. In the third and final state, the performance parameters of the expert system are combined with performance parameters for other system components and subsystems to evaluate the reliability and performance of the complete system. The evaluation method is demonstrated in the context of a simple expert system used to supervise the performances of an FDI algorithm associated with an aircraft longitudinal flight-control system

    Separate and Detailed Treatment of Absolute Signal and Noise Enables NMR Under Adverse Circumstances

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    When deploying a spectrometer in an adverse environment, such as during a typical ODNP experiment or experiments that require low-volume low-field measurements, a clear and modern protocol for characterizing and quantifying the absolute signal and noise levels proves essential. This paper provides such a protocol. It also highlights the clarity and insight that comes from (1) discussing NMR signal intensities in (conserved) units of square root instantaneous power that are derived from a theory and notation developed initially for ESR spectroscopy; as well as (2) characterizing the spectral distribution of the noise. Crucially, the strategy introduced here applies not only to ODNP measurements, but to all low-field NMR. Low-field NMR offers immense flexibility: it enables integration with other instrumentation and deploys in practical applications not accessible to higher-field instrumentation. More generally, the protocol introduced here should apply to a wide range of instruments, and should prove especially useful in cases subject to design constraints that requires integration with multiple other modules that are not dedicated to NMR but that control other forms of spectroscopy or other crucial aspects of the measurement. However, in the specific case of ODNP, this protocol demonstrates that the absolute signal and noise level can be estimated from the clarified theory presented here, and uses that theory to identify the inefficient distribution of fields in the hairpin loop probe as the main remaining bottleneck for the improvement of low-field low-volume ODNP SNR

    How might stress contribute to increased risk for schizophrenia in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome?

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    The most common human microdeletion occurs at chromosome 22q11.2. The associated syndrome (22q11.2DS) has a complex and variable phenotype with a high risk of schizophrenia. While the role of stress in the etiopathology of schizophrenia has been under investigation for over 30 years (Walker et al. 2008), the stress–diathesis model has yet to be investigated in children with 22q11.2DS. Children with 22q11.2DS face serious medical, behavioral, and socioemotional challenges from infancy into adulthood. Chronic stress elevates glucocorticoids, decreases immunocompetence, negatively impacts brain development and function, and is associated with psychiatric illness in adulthood. Drawing knowledge from the extant and well-developed anxiety and stress literature will provide invaluable insight into the complex etiopathology of schizophrenia in people with 22q11.2DS while suggesting possible early interventions. Childhood anxiety is treatable and stress coping skills can be developed thereby improving quality of life in the short-term and potentially mitigating the risk of developing psychosis

    Silvoarable agroforestry

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    Introduction: A silvoarable system of land management implies the cultivation of trees and arable crops on the same area of land, a system practised quite commonly in southern Europe and in the tropics. The system comprises two components: tree rows, generally one tree wide, and arable alleys, alternating across the field. The first major development of silvoarable practice in the UK took place during the 1960s and 1970s when Bryant & May established extensive poplar plantations on lowland farmland in southern England to supply their own market for match veneer timber (Beaton, 1987). Since the demise of the Bryant Sr May market for match timber in 1978, interest in the potential for silvoarable systems lay dormant until the advent of food crop surpluses in the 1980s
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