Feno de cunhã (Clitoria ternatea L.) para acabamento de cordeiros.

Resumo: Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros, mestiços, durante setenta dias em estudo na Embrapa Caprinos, em Sobral, CE, para determinar a influência do nível de concentrado em dietas para acabamento de cordeiros em confinamento. Os tratamentos foram as seguintes relaçoes forragem:concentrado: 100%:0% (T1), 85%:15% (T2), 70%:30% (T3) e 55%:45% (T4). A forragem fornecida era feno de cunha e o concentrado era composta de 75% de milho e 25% de farelo de soja. 0 ajuste das proporçoes foi feito diariamente, corn base no consumo de volumoso, servido ad libitum. Corn o aumento do nível de concentrado na dieta dos animais, observou-se incrementos lineares (PO,05) quanto aos tratamentos. Conclui-se que todas as raçoes testadas podem ser utilizadas para terminação de cordeiros em confinamento. Cunhã hay (Clitoria ternatea L.) for finishing of lambs. ABSTRACT - Thirty two crossbred lambs were used in a 70 day study at Embrapa Caprinos, in Sobral, CE, Brazil to evaluate the influence of concentrate levels on finishing diets under confinement. The treatments were the following roughage to concentrate relations: 100% to 0% (T1), 85% to 15% (T2), 70% to 30% (T3) and 55% to 45% (T4). The roughage was cunhã hay (Clitoria ternatea L), and the concentrate was composed of corn (75%) and soybean meal (25%). The adjustments of the proportions were made daily, based on the roughage intake, served ad libitum. It was observed that the total dry matter intake increased, the forage intake decreased, the feed efficiency improved and the daily weight gain increased (P0.05) among treatments. It was concluded that any of the diets studied can be used for finishing lambs

Prediction of potential novel microRNAs in soybean when in symbiosis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules, noncoding proteins that are involved in many biological processes, especially in plants; among these processes is nodulation in the legume. Biological nitrogen fixation is a key process, with critical importance to the soybean crop. This study aimed to identify the potential of novel miRNAs to act during the root nodulation process. We utilized a set of transcripts that were differentially expressed in soybean roots 10 days after inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum, which were obtained in a previous study, and performed a set of computational analyses that led us to select new miRNAs potentially involved in nodulation. Among these analyses, the set of transcripts were submitted to an in silico annotation of noncoding RNAs, including a search of similarity against miRNA public databases, ab initio tools for miRNA identification, structural search against miRNA families, prediction of the secondary structure of miRNA precursors, and prediction of the sequences of mature miRNAs. Subsequently, we applied filter procedures based on miRNA selections described in the literature (e.g., free energy value). In the next step, a manual curation inspection of the annotation was performed and the top candidates were selected and used for prediction of potential target genes, which were later checked manually in the database of the soybean genome. This prediction led us to the identification of 9 potential new miRNAs; among these, 4 were conserved in other plants. Moreover, we predicted their target genes might play important roles in the regulation of nodulation

Natural history of fetal pyelocaliectasia

INTRODUCTION: It is estimated that genitourinary anomalies comprise 20% of all antenatally detected fetal anomalies, and pyelocaliectasia is the most common one. Detection of antenatal dilatation of the urinary tract does not always indicate postnatal urinary tract obstruction or even a significant genitourinary anomaly. Most cases will improve spontaneously, representing a temporary physiologic impedence and do not require surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a two-year period we studied 197 newborns, with prenatal pyelocaliectasia, without concomitant anomaly, delivered at Maternidade Dr. Daniel de Matos. In the postnatal follow-up period, the infants were followed at Pediatrics Department, at our Center. RESULTS: A male predilection was found. Ultrasonic follow-up of the 197 infants showed that pyelocaliectasia resolved in 97%, while 3% still presented it in the postnatal ultrasound. Complementary renal evaluation, with voiding cystourethrography and radionuclide imaging, was realised in 29 (15%) infants to further characterize the abnormality detected in postnatal ultrasound. Surgery was performed in four (2%) children. CONCLUSION: Prenatally diagnosed pyelocaliectasia may be safely observed, and surgical correction should be performed only if renal compromise occurs

Non-chemical alternative in rice storage: the use of refrigeration for insect control and quality maintenance of paddy rice

Trials were conducted to evaluate the potential effects of refrigeration in controlling insect infestations of Sitophilus zeamais and S. oryzae on stored rice. In the rice storage and processing industry use of aeration systems during winter and refrigeration units under summer conditions can provide a good solution to reduce paddy temperature for control of insects and maintenance of paddy quality; though it is restricted by costs of machinery and electric power. Trials were conducted in a rice mill in Portugal close to the Mondego Valley. A granary containing 140 t of paddy (variety Ripallo) was cooled using refrigerated aeration because during the trials ambient temperatures were too high for successful insect control by ambient air aeration. Sitophilus zeamais and S. oryzae adults reared on brown rice at 28°C and 68±3% r.h. were used as bioassays. Paddy stored in the granary was cooled to below 18ºC from 27 June 2008 to 19 September 2008. The mean ambient temperature during the total period of the trial varied from 12ºC to 27ºC. The moisture content of the paddy in the granary ranged from 12.1% to 13.9% during the same period of time. The total F1 of adult emergence population of S. zeamais and S. oryzae was counted after the experiments. The F1 adult from parent adults of S. zeamais was reduced up to 77%; the F1 adult from eggs of S. zeamais and S. oryzae were also reduced up to 71% and 45%, respectively, when compared with corresponding untreated controls. Refrigeration of the paddy allowed storage for almost three months at about 18ºC and caused delay in rice weevils development. As a consequence, this negated the necessity for fumigation. Although the energy consumed during refrigeration doubled the cost when compared with cooling using an ambient-air, aeration system during the cold season, refrigeration provided an environmentally sound and user-friendly treatment during warm months of the year. Keywords: Refrigeration, Sitophilus zeamais, Sitophilus oryzae, Paddy, Rice mill, Storag

Estiolamento in vitro: uma alternativa para a produção de mudas micropropagadas de antúrio.

bitstream/item/55489/1/CIT11005.pd

International standards for early fetal size and pregnancy dating based on ultrasound measurement of crown-rump length in the first trimester of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: There are no international standards for relating fetal crown-rump length (CRL) to gestational age (GA), and most existing charts have considerable methodological limitations. The INTERGROWTH-21(st) Project aimed to produce the first international standards for early fetal size and ultrasound dating of pregnancy based on CRL measurement. METHODS: Urban areas in eight geographically diverse countries that met strict eligibility criteria were selected for the prospective, population-based recruitment, between 9 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks' gestation, of healthy well-nourished women with singleton pregnancies at low risk of fetal growth impairment. GA was calculated on the basis of a certain last menstrual period, regular menstrual cycle and lack of hormonal medication or breastfeeding in the preceding 2 months. CRL was measured using strict protocols and quality-control measures. All women were followed up throughout pregnancy until delivery and hospital discharge. Cases of neonatal and fetal death, severe pregnancy complications and congenital abnormalities were excluded from the study. RESULTS: A total of 4607 women were enrolled in the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study, one of the three main components of the INTERGROWTH-21(st) Project, of whom 4321 had a live singleton birth in the absence of severe maternal conditions or congenital abnormalities detected by ultrasound or at birth. The CRL was measured in 56 women at < 9 + 0 weeks' gestation; these were excluded, resulting in 4265 women who contributed data to the final analysis. The mean CRL and SD increased with GA almost linearly, and their relationship to GA is given by the following two equations (in which GA is in days and CRL in mm): mean CRL = -50.6562 + (0.815118 × GA) + (0.00535302 × GA(2) ); and SD of CRL = -2.21626 + (0.0984894 × GA). GA estimation is carried out according to the two equations: GA = 40.9041 + (3.21585 × CRL(0.5) ) + (0.348956 × CRL); and SD of GA = 2.39102 + (0.0193474 × CRL). CONCLUSIONS: We have produced international prescriptive standards for early fetal linear size and ultrasound dating of pregnancy in the first trimester that can be used throughout the world

PH e condutividade elétrica do solo sob lâminas de irrigação e doses de adubação nitrogenada em bananeira.

O nitrogênio é um dos nutrientes mais necessários ao bom desenvolvimento e produção da bananeira. A adubação nitrogenada pode ser preparada por fontes de sais inorgânicos rapidamente disponíveis como o amônio, o nitrato e a uréia. A utilização da uréia pelos produtores se traduz pelo menor custo que esses fertilizantes possuem, porém, a possibilidade de aumento da acidez do solo, ou seja, a redução do pH e da saturação de base se tornam aspectos indesejados na aplicação desse fertilizante. Nas condições irrigadas, pode haver interações entre os níveis de água aplicados e as dosagens de adubos, fazendo com que o pH do solo e os níveis de condutividade elétrica (CE) do solo apresentem diferentes comportamentos em relação as condição de sequeiro. Além disso, a CE está relacionada ao conteúdo de água presente no solo, sendo que sua alteração está relacionada à diluição dos sais da solução. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do pH do solo e da CE do extrato de saturação ao longo do segundo ciclo da bananeira BRS Tropical com três doses de uréia sob quatro lâminas de irrigação nas condições edafoclimáticas do projeto Gorutuba, Norte de Minas.PDF. 097

Análise dos custos de colheita do café no sistema safra zero em comparação ao sistema tradicional de derriça no pano.

A colheita representa 25 a 35% do custo direto da produção do café e utiliza o maior contingente de mão de obra de todo o ciclo da cultura. Por isso, a adoção de estratégias para a colheita do café, como o uso de máquinas de pequeno e grande porte, racionalização de mão de obra, entre outras, vem sendo exaustivamente abrangidas em estudos e debates, como formas de reduzir os custos de produção do café. O manejo da lavoura no sistema Safra Zero, no qual a colheita e a poda de esqueletamento são feitas simultaneamente, pode ser uma alternativa para se reduzir esses custos com a operação. Objetivando avaliar o desempenho desse sistema de colheita de café em comparação ao sistema tradicional de derriça no pano, montou-se o presente trabalho. Em uma lavoura com produtividade estimada de 80 sc/ha a cada dois anos foram calculados os índices de rendimento em todas as etapas da colheita no sistema safra zero e também, no sistema tradicional. Constatou-se que o custo da colheita, por saca de café beneficiado, ficou em torno de R$25,00 no sistema Safra Zero e R$45,00, no sistema tradicional. Assim, nas condições estudadas, verificou-se que a colheita no sistema Safra Zero foi mais econômica que no sistema tradicional