Daily management application in a dam construction project

Brazilian construction companies have sought lean thinking to increase competitiveness in the sector. The initial step for lean implementation is to stabilize the project production system. Many lean tools have been applied to stabilize production, however daily managemet is a lean practice that has been implemented in manufacturing and has little application in the construction. This paper aims to explore daily management in the construction context and evaluate the results of its implementation. Action research was the research method adopted. The research lasted three months and was conducted in three stages: the first for preparation, the second for the implementation cycles and the final for analysis and conclusions. The application evaluated the four fundamental elements of daily management: visual management, teamwork problem solving, help chain, and leadership. Daily management implementation facilitated decision-making and problems were solved more often and in a more structured way with the help chain. Visual boards helped the managers to see the production and productivity deviations. Meeting routines provided a more present leadership in the field and a spirit of team collaboration. The main results of the research were the reduction of project costs, project completion on time and increased project team commitment14251433COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESThe International Group for Lean Construction2019IrelandaDubli

Role of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 in bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis

Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by chronic inflammation and excessive collagen deposition. Neutrophils are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. We hypothesized that CXCR2-mediated neutrophil recruitment is essential for the cascade of events leading to bleomycin-incluced pulmonary fibrosis. CXCL1 / KC was detected as early as 6 hours after bleomycin instillation and returned to basal levels after Day 8. Neutrophils were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage and interstitium from 12 hours and peaked at Day 8 after instillation. Treatment with the CXCR2 receptor antagonist, DF2162, reduced airway neutrophil transmigration but led to an increase of neutrophils in lung parenchyma. There was a significant reduction in IL-13, IL-10, CCL5/RANTES, and active transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) levels, but not on IFN-gamma and total TGF-beta(1), and enhanced granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor production in DF2162-treated animals. Notably, treatment with the CXCR2 antagonist led to an improvement of the lung pathology and reduced Collagen deposition. Using a therapeutic schedule, DF2162 administered from Days 8 to 16 after bleomycin reduced pulmonary fibrosis and levels of active TGF-beta(1) and IL-13. DF2162 treatment reduced bleomycin-incluced expression of von Willebrand Factor, a marker of angiogenesis, in the lung. In vitro, DF2162 reduced the angiogenic activity of IL-8 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In conclusion, we show that CXCR2 plays an important role in mediating fibrosis after bleomycin instillation. The compound blocks angiogenesis and the production of pro-angiogenic cytokines, and decreases IL-8-induced endothelial cell activation. An effect on neutrophils does not appear to account for the major effects of the blockade of CXCR2 in the system

Consumo, digestibilidade e desempenho de novilhas alimentadas com casca de café em substituição à silagem de milho Intake, digestibility and performance of dairy heifers fed coffee hulls replacing of corn silage

Objetivou-se avaliar a substituição da silagem de milho pela casca de café em dietas de novilhas leiteiras sobre os consumos, as digestibilidades aparentes totais dos nutrientes e o desempenho dos animais. Foram utilizadas 24 novilhas holandesas, puras e mestiças, distribuídas, de acordo com o peso inicial dos animais, em delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos (níveis de casca de café: 0,0; 7,0; 14,0 e 21,0% na base da MS total) e seis repetições. Diariamente, todas as novilhas foram alimentadas com 2 kg de concentrado. Os consumos de MS aumentaram linearmente, enquanto os consumos de matéria natural (MN) não foram influenciados pela inclusão de casca de café nas dietas. O aumento no consumo de MS foi de aproximadamente 20 g para cada unidade de casca de café adicionada na dieta (% MS) e o consumo médio de MN foi de 13,84 kg/dia. As digestibilidades de MS, MO, PB, CT e FDN e a concentração de NDT das dietas reduziram linearmente com a substituição da silagem de milho pela casca de café, observando-se redução de 0,158 unidades percentuais na digestibilidade da MS para cada unidade de casca de café adicionada na dieta (% MS). A inclusão de casca de café afetou de modo negativo o ganho de peso, que reduziu linearmente (5,51 g de PV por unidade de casca de café adicionada a dieta) conforme aumentaram os níveis de casca de café em substituição a silagem de milho. Em dietas para novilhas leiteiras, a casca de café pode substituir a silagem de milho em níveis de até 14% na MS total.<br>The objective was to evaluate the replacement corn silage by coffee hulls in the diet on performance, total apparent digestibility of dairy heifers. Twenty-four dairy Holstein heifers, purebred and crossbred, were assigned, according to animal initial weight, to a randomized block design with four treatments (Coffee hulls levels: 0.0, 7.0, 14.0, and 21.0% DM basis) and six replicates. All heifers were daily fed 2.0 kg concentrate. DM intake linearly increased, while fresh matter (FM) intake was not affected by the inclusion of coffee hulls in the diets. The increment of DM intake was approximately 20 g per unit of coffee hulls added to the diet (% DM) and the average intake of FM was 13.84 kg/d. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, CHO, NDF and the concentration of NDT in the diet linearly decreased with the replacement of corn silage by coffee hulls, observing a reduction of 0.158 percent units in the digestibility of the DM per unit of coffee hulls added to the diet (% DM). The inclusion of coffee hulls negatively affected the weight gain that linearly decrease (5.51g BW) per unit of coffee hulls added to the diet), as the coffee hulls levels increased, in replacement of corn silage. Coffee hulls could replace corn silage up to 14% level, DM basis, in diets for dairy heifers

Atributos físicos e carbono orgânico de um Argissolo Vermelho sob sistemas de manejo Physical attributes and organic carbon of a Typic Hapludalf under soil management systems

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e carbono orgânico de um Argissolo Vermelho, em Pelotas (RS), submetido a sistemas de manejo numa propriedade agrícola. Avaliaram-se densidade do solo, porosidade total, macro e microporosidade, granulometria, argila dispersa em água, diâmetro médio ponderado de agregados e infiltração de água, bem como carbono orgânico. Foram estudados os sistemas: plantio direto com três anos de condução, com aveia + ervilhaca no inverno e milho no verão; sistema convencional (uma aração e uma gradagem) com aveia como cobertura de inverno e milho no verão; sistema convencional, com ervilhaca + aveia no inverno e milho no verão, e campo nativo. Observou-se que o solo sob os sistemas convencionais apresentou maior porosidade total e macroporosidade na profundidade de 0,0-0,10 m e maior microporosidade na profundidade de 0,10-0,20 m. Os maiores valores de densidade do solo na profundidade de 0,0-0,10 m foi no solo sob plantio direto. Houve aumento do teor de carbono orgânico do solo no sistema plantio direto na camada de 0,0-0,10 m em relação aos outros sistemas avaliados, não resultando em aumento no diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados.<br>The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical properties and organic carbon of a Typic Hapludalf in Pelotas, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, under different soil management systems on a farm. The assessed physical attributes were: soil bulk density, total porosity, macro and microporosity, particle size distribution, water dispersed clay, mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates, and soil water infiltration, as well as organic carbon, in a factorial scheme in a completely randomized design with six replications. The management systems were studied for three years: no-tillage system with oats + vetch in winter and corn in summer; conventional tillage system with oat winter covering and corn in summer; conventional tillage (once plowing and once disking) with oats + vetch in winter and corn in summer; and native grassland. It was observed that soil under conventional tillage systems presented a higher total porosity and macroporosity in the 0.0-0.10 m, but higher microporosity in the 0.10-0.20 m layer; the no-tillage system presented the greatest values of soil bulk density in the 0.0-0.10 m layer. There was an increase in the soil organic carbon content for the no-tillage system, which was not reflected in an increase in the mean weight diameter of the water-stable aggregates

Substituição do milho por casca de café ou de soja em dietas para vacas leiteiras: consumo, digestibilidade dos nutrientes, produção e composição do leite Replacing corn with coffee hulls or soyhulls in dairy cows diets: intake, nutrient digestibility, and milk production and composition

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da substituição do milho por casca de café ou casca de soja na dieta sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, a produção e composição do leite, a variação de peso corporal e a mobilização de reserva corporal em vacas leiteiras. Foram utilizadas 12 vacas holandesas, puras e mestiças, distribuídas em três quadrados latinos 4 <FONT FACE=Symbol>&acute;</FONT> 4. As dietas foram isonitrogenadas (14% de PB, na MS) e a dieta controle foi composta de 60% de silagem de milho e 40% de concentrado na MS. Foram avaliadas três dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar e com 60% de concentrado na MS: uma controle (sem casca de soja ou de café), uma com 25% e outra com 50% de substituição do milho pela casca de café e casca de soja, respectivamente. O consumo de MS não foi afetado pelas dietas e apresentou valor médio de 19,39 kg/dia. Apesar das diferenças nos consumos de PB e NDT, as dietas foram suficientes para atender às exigências para produção de leite de 20 kg/dia (corrigida ou não para 3,5% de gordura) e ganho de peso de 0,50 kg/dia, o que explica a ausência de diferenças na produção de leite corrigida (20,54 kg/dia) ou não para 3,5% de gordura (19,68 kg/dia), na variação de peso (0,683 kg/dia) e nos níveis plasmáticos de ácidos graxos não-esterificados (AGNE) (226,99 µeq/L). A composição do leite não foi afetada pelas dietas, à exceção dos teores de lactose e extrato seco desengordurado. Em dietas à base de cana-de-açúcar para vacas com produção de 20 kg de leite/dia, o milho pode ser substituído em 25% pela casca de café ou em 50% pela casca de soja, desde que a participação de concentrado seja de 60%.<br>The objectives of this trial were to evaluate the effect of replacing corn meal with coffee hulls or soyhulls on intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, milk yield and composition, and body weight (BW) change in lactating dairy cows. Twelve purebred and crossbred Holstein cows were assigned to three replicated 4 <FONT FACE=Symbol>&acute;</FONT> 4 Latin squares. Diets were isonitrogeneous (14% of CP, DM basis) and control diet contained 60% corn silage plus 40%concentrate. Three sugarcane based diets with 60% concentrate were used: control (without coffee hulls or soyhulls), 25% and 50% replacing corn meal by coffee hulls and soyhulls, respective. Dry matter intake did not differ and averaged 19.39 kg/day among diets. Although the intakes of CP and total digestible nutrients differ among treatments, all diets were able to meet the nutrional requirements for milk production, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM), and BW gain because milk yield, FCM, BW change and plasma concentration of non-esterified fatty acids did not differ and averaged 20.54 kg/ day, 19.68 kg/day, 0.683 kg/day, and 226.99 µeq/L across diets, respectively. With the exception of lactose and solids nonfat no other significant differences in milk composition were observed across diets. In sugarcane based diets for cows producing 20 kg of milk/day, the corn can be replacement by 25% of coffee hulls or 50% of soyhulls since the concentrate participation is of 60%