Supkutana ektopija pluća u vratnom području u teleta - prikaz slučaja.

This case presents a clinical, radiological and histopathological description of ectopic lung in a calf. The present case was a 45-day-old, female Simmental calf, showing a congenital mass in the lower neck region. Upon clinical inspection, it was determined that the calf was in excellent condition, but a pedunculated tumorlike mass appeared in the neck region. Palpation revealed that the mass had normal body temperature and was somewhat hard and flexible. The mass was surgically removed under inhalation anesthesia and diagnosed as an ectopic lung based on the histopathological examination. The calf was monitored for two years after the operation and was observed to be healthy and better developed than its peers. We concluded that a rare case like this should be presented as a contribution to the literature and veterinary practice.Prikazan je klinički, radiološki i histopatološki opis ektopije pluća u teleta. U ženskog teleta simentalske pasmine, u dobi od 45 dana, primijećena je kongenitalna masa u ventralnom području vrata. Tele je klinički bilo u odličnoj kondiciji s visećom masom nalik na tumor u području vrata. Palpacijom je ustanovljena masa normalne tjelesne temperature, ponešto tvrđa i pomična. Masa je kirurški bila uklonjena pod inhalacijskom anestezijom. Dijagnosticirana je ektopija pluća na osnovi histopatološke pretrage. Tele je bilo promatrano tijekom dvije godine nakon operacije. Ostalo je zdravo i bolje se razvijalo od ostalih iste dobi. Prikaz ovog slučaja koristan je prilog literaturi i veterinarskoj praksi

Comparison of clinical, biomechanical, and histopathological effects of various suture techniques on repair of tendon rupture by using autograft

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of four different suture techniques in the treatment of experimentally modelled tendon injuries with tissue loss with autograft and grafting applications in rabbits

Supkutana ektopija pluća u vratnom području u teleta - prikaz slučaja.

This case presents a clinical, radiological and histopathological description of ectopic lung in a calf. The present case was a 45-day-old, female Simmental calf, showing a congenital mass in the lower neck region. Upon clinical inspection, it was determined that the calf was in excellent condition, but a pedunculated tumorlike mass appeared in the neck region. Palpation revealed that the mass had normal body temperature and was somewhat hard and flexible. The mass was surgically removed under inhalation anesthesia and diagnosed as an ectopic lung based on the histopathological examination. The calf was monitored for two years after the operation and was observed to be healthy and better developed than its peers. We concluded that a rare case like this should be presented as a contribution to the literature and veterinary practice.Prikazan je klinički, radiološki i histopatološki opis ektopije pluća u teleta. U ženskog teleta simentalske pasmine, u dobi od 45 dana, primijećena je kongenitalna masa u ventralnom području vrata. Tele je klinički bilo u odličnoj kondiciji s visećom masom nalik na tumor u području vrata. Palpacijom je ustanovljena masa normalne tjelesne temperature, ponešto tvrđa i pomična. Masa je kirurški bila uklonjena pod inhalacijskom anestezijom. Dijagnosticirana je ektopija pluća na osnovi histopatološke pretrage. Tele je bilo promatrano tijekom dvije godine nakon operacije. Ostalo je zdravo i bolje se razvijalo od ostalih iste dobi. Prikaz ovog slučaja koristan je prilog literaturi i veterinarskoj praksi

Effect of Bovine Corpus Vitreum on Full-thickness Dermal Wound Healing: An Experimental Study in Rats

In this study, the effects of bovine corpus vitreum on wound healing were examined macroscopically and histopathologically. The study was carried out on 28 adult rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 150-300 g. Using general anesthesia, two separate wound excisions of 1 cm in diameter were formed in the right and left back halves of all rats. In the control group, the wound care was performed only by dripping serum over the wound daily. In the study group, the corpus vitreum obtained from newly cut healthy cows in the slaughterhouse was applied to the wound surface. All injuries were photographed using digital camera on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 and wound surface areas were compared. At the end of the first and second weeks, tissue samples taken from wound beds were examined histopathologically and the results were evaluated statistically. According to the wound surface area measurements and histopathologic results, corpus vitreum was found to have a positive effect on wound healing and a faster and more regular healing was achieved in the wounds compared to the control group

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: Where Do We Stand?

Obstructive sleep apnea is common in adults with cardiovascular disease. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease independent of the traditionally recognized cardiovascular disease risk factors. Observational studies indicate that obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease and that alleviation of obstructive events with positive airway pressure may improve cardiovascular disease outcomes. However, recent randomized controlled trials have not supported the beneficial effect of positive airway pressure in cardiac populations with concomitant obstructive sleep apnea. Some evidence suggests that the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and traditionally recognized cardiovascular disease risk factors is bidirectional, suggesting that patients with cardiovascular disease may also develop obstructive sleep apnea and that efficient treatment of cardiovascular disease may improve obstructive sleep apnea. Recent data also indicate that the apnea–hypopnea index, which is commonly used as a diagnostic measure of obstructive sleep apnea severity, has limited value as a prognostic measure for cardiovascular disease outcomes. Novel markers of obstructive sleep apnea-associated hypoxic burden and cardiac autonomic response seem to be strong predictors of adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes and response to treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. This narrative review and position paper from the Turkish Collaboration of Sleep Apnea Cardiovascular Trialists aims to update the current evidence about the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease and, consequently, raise awareness for health professionals who deal with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases to improve the ability to direct resources at patients most likely to benefit from treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and optimize treatment of the coexisting cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the Turkish Collaboration of Sleep Apnea Cardiovascular Trialists aims to contribute to strengthening the efforts of the International Collaboration of Sleep Apnea Cardiovascular Trialists in this context

Economic costs of non-native species in Türkiye: A first national synthesis

Biological invasions are increasingly recognised as a major global change that erodes ecosystems, societal well-being, and economies. However, comprehensive analyses of their economic ramifications are missing for most national economies, despite rapidly escalating costs globally. Türkiye is highly vulnerable to biological invasions owing to its extensive transport network and trade connections as well as its unique transcontinental position at the interface of Europe and Asia. This study presents the first analysis of the reported economic costs caused by biological invasions in Türkiye. The InvaCost database which compiles invasive non-native species’ monetary costs was used, complemented with cost searches specific to Türkiye, to describe the spatial and taxonomic attributes of costly invasive non-native species, the types of costs, and their temporal trends. The total economic cost attributed to invasive non-native species in Türkiye (from 202 cost reporting documents) amounted to US$4.1 billion from 1960 to 2022. However, cost data were only available for 87 out of 872 (10$ 2.85 billion, followed by the fishery sector with a total cost of US$1.20 billion. Management (i.e., control and eradication) costs were, against expectations, substantially higher than reported damage costs (US$ 2.89 billion vs. US$28.4 million). Yearly costs incurred by non-native species rose exponentially over time, reaching US$ 504 million per year in 2020–2022 and are predicted to increase further in the next 10 years. A large deficit of cost records compared to other countries was also shown, suggesting a larger monetary underestimate than is typically observed. These findings underscore the need for improved cost recording as well as preventative management strategies to reduce future post-invasion management costs and help inform decisions to manage the economic burdens posed by invasive non-native species. These insights further emphasise the crucial role of standardised data in accurately estimating the costs associated with invasive non-native species for prioritisation and communication purposes

Efficacy of subsequent treatments in patients with hormone-positive advanced breast cancer who had disease progression under CDK 4/6 inhibitor therapy.

Background There is no standard treatment recommended at category 1 level in international guidelines for subsequent therapy after cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6) based therapy. We aimed to evaluate which subsequent treatment oncologists prefer in patients with disease progression under CDKi. In addition, we aimed to show the effectiveness of systemic treatments after CDKi and whether there is a survival difference between hormonal treatments (monotherapy vs. mTOR-based). Methods A total of 609 patients from 53 centers were included in the study. Progression-free-survivals (PFS) of subsequent treatments (chemotherapy (CT, n:434) or endocrine therapy (ET, n:175)) after CDKi were calculated. Patients were evaluated in three groups as those who received CDKi in first-line (group A, n:202), second-line (group B, n: 153) and >= 3rd-line (group C, n: 254). PFS was compared according to the use of ET and CT. In addition, ET was compared as monotherapy versus everolimus-based combination therapy. Results The median duration of CDKi in the ET arms of Group A, B, and C was 17.0, 11.0, and 8.5 months in respectively; it was 9.0, 7.0, and 5.0 months in the CT arm. Median PFS after CDKi was 9.5 (5.0-14.0) months in the ET arm of group A, and 5.3 (3.9-6.8) months in the CT arm (p = 0.073). It was 6.7 (5.8-7.7) months in the ET arm of group B, and 5.7 (4.6-6.7) months in the CT arm (p = 0.311). It was 5.3 (2.5-8.0) months in the ET arm of group C and 4.0 (3.5-4.6) months in the CT arm (p = 0.434). Patients who received ET after CDKi were compared as those who received everolimus-based combination therapy versus those who received monotherapy ET: the median PFS in group A, B, and C was 11.0 vs. 5.9 (p = 0.047), 6.7 vs. 5.0 (p = 0.164), 6.7 vs. 3.9 (p = 0.763) months. Conclusion Physicians preferred CT rather than ET in patients with early progression under CDKi. It has been shown that subsequent ET after CDKi can be as effective as CT. It was also observed that better PFS could be achieved with the subsequent everolimus-based treatments after first-line CDKi compared to monotherapy ET