Accelerated Asymptotics for Diffusion Model Estimation

We propose a semiparametric estimation procedure for scalar homogeneous stochastic differential equations. We specify a parametric class for the underlying diffusion process and identify the parameters of interest by minimizing criteria given by the integrated squared difference between kernel estimates of drift and diffusion function and their parametric counterparts. The nonparametric estimates are simplified versions of those in Bandi and Phillips (1998). A complete asymptotic theory for the semiparametric estimates is developed. The limit theory relies on infill and long span asymptotics and the asymptotic distributions are shown to depend on the chronological local time of the underlying diffusion process. The estimation method and asymptotic results apply to both stationary and nonstationary processes. As is standard with semiparametric approaches in other contexts, faster convergence rates are attained than is possible in the fully functional case. From a purely technical point of view, this work merges two strands of the most recent econometrics literature, namely the estimation of nonlinear models of integrated time-series [Park and Phillips (1999, 2000)] and the functional identification of diffusions under minimal assumptions on the dynamics of the underlying process [Florens-Zmirou (1993), Jacod (1997), Bandi and Phillips (1998) and Bandi (1999)]. In effect, the 'minimum distance' type of estimation that is presented in this paper can be interpreted as extremum estimation for potentially nonstationary and nonlinear continuous-time models.

Measuring Library Subscriptions to the availability of scholarly articles published by the academic and research community of the institution

Any research institution needs to analyze their research output in terms of journal articles in SCI or SCImago Journal Ranking (SJR) Indicator. It is also essential at the same time to understand the library subscription quality. In this article, an attempt has been made to map the faculty and research scholarly journal publications and the library E-journals subscription. The current year articles publications by the academic staff and research scholars indexed in the SCOPUS database have been analyzed based on the full-text availability. The sources from where the academic staff refer and cite would like to publish their research articles. It is vital from the library point of view to study bibliometric analysis on their users\u27 needs from time to time by understanding the reading and referencing habits. It is effortless to subscribe to more resources, but it is challenging to use them for users\u27 academic purposes. To know the usage pattern and develop a library subscription strategy where \u3e 90% of the library budget was invested in subscribing to E-Journals, and online databases, the usage of these resources matters the most. Gone are the days when traditional methods like subscribe and wait for your user to use these resources. It is imperative to understand what they want instead of bombarding with what we have for them. The methodology used here is straightforward, the SCOPUS Indexed articles published by faculty members and research scholars of the institution were analyzed using full-text availability from the library subscriptions and from open access resources. The majority, 77% of the articles have full-text availability, of which 43% are from library resources and 24% are from Open Access journals. There are 23% of published articles indexed in SCOPUS do not available in full-text for and these sources are not part of the library subscriptions. Out of all types of documents, the majority, 69.70% published in the form of articles. Science Direct is the major source for academic staff to publish their articles, followed by Springer Nature, and the third-highest source of publication is Open Access resources

Grid-scale Fluctuations and Forecast Error in Wind Power

The fluctuations in wind power entering an electrical grid (Irish grid) were analyzed and found to exhibit correlated fluctuations with a self-similar structure, a signature of large-scale correlations in atmospheric turbulence. The statistical structure of temporal correlations for fluctuations in generated and forecast time series was used to quantify two types of forecast error: a timescale error ($e_{\tau}$) that quantifies the deviations between the high frequency components of the forecast and the generated time series, and a scaling error ($e_{\zeta}$) that quantifies the degree to which the models fail to predict temporal correlations in the fluctuations of the generated power. With no $a$ $priori$ knowledge of the forecast models, we suggest a simple memory kernel that reduces both the timescale error ($e_{\tau}$) and the scaling error ($e_{\zeta}$)

European Policies for the Stimulation of Development of SMEs

Europe’s small and medium-sized enterprises are the engine of the European economy and the main drivers for achieving sustainable growth and more and better jobs. At EU level, the European Commission has developed a comprehensive SME policy, which aims to ensure that Community policies and actions are small-business friendly and contribute to making Europe a more attractive place for setting up a company and doing business

Utility of prophylactic cervical cerclage in intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection twins: a prospective study

Background: Several interventions have been used to reduce the rate of preterm birth and prolonging gestation in a twin pregnancy and routine usage of cervical cerclage in twin pregnancy conceived after intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure has found to be beneficial.Methods: Prospective case series studies, series of expectant mothers with twin pregnancy conceived by ICSI were studied under tertiary care hospital setting. A total of 108 cases with twin pregnancy were included during a period of 2016 to 2019. Obstetric profile of all the cases was taken; cervical cerclage procedure was done at 14-16 weeks of gestation (McDonald method) after a normal nuchal translucency scan and a double marker test. Pregnancy outcome parameters like abortion, preterm labour/delivery, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, birth weight and neonatal complications were assessed.Results: Mean age of the mothers was 30.61±4.45 years, rates of the pregnancy outcome parameters were abortion 0%, preterm labour 11.1%, premature rupture of membranes (PROM) 9.3%, mean gestational age at delivery was at 34.56±1.71 weeks. Neonatal outcome parameters were mean birth weight was at 2279±470 grams, 77.8% of the neonates had normal APGAR scores. The rates of NICU admission was 28%, RDS– 24.1%, 3.7% had sepsis and 92.6% of neonates survived and 7.4% died.Conclusions: In ICSI twin pregnancies with normal cervical measurements, prophylactic cervical cerclage is effective in prolonging pregnancy and preventing preterm delivery and thereby minimizing neonatal morbidity and mortality

Precisely computing phonons via irreducible derivatives

Computing phonons from first-principles is typically considered a solved problem, yet inadequacies in existing techniques continue to yield deficient results in systems with sensitive phonons. Here we circumvent this issue using the lone irreducible derivative (LID) and bundled irreducible derivative (BID) approaches to computing phonons via finite displacements, where the former optimizes precision via energy derivatives and the latter provides the most efficient algorithm using force derivatives. A condition number optimized (CNO) basis for BID is derived which guarantees the minimum amplification of error. Additionally, a hybrid LID-BID approach is formulated, where select irreducible derivatives computed using LID replace BID results. We illustrate our approach on two prototypical systems with sensitive phonons: the shape memory alloy AuZn and metallic lithium. Comparing our resulting phonons in the aforementioned crystals to calculations in the literature reveals nontrivial inaccuracies. Our approaches can be fully automated, making them well suited for both niche systems of interest and high throughput approaches

Method for Cooling Nanostructures to Microkelvin Temperatures

We propose a new scheme aimed at cooling nanostructures to microkelvin temperatures, based on the well established technique of adiabatic nuclear demagnetization: we attach each device measurement lead to an individual nuclear refrigerator, allowing efficient thermal contact to a microkelvin bath. On a prototype consisting of a parallel network of nuclear refrigerators, temperatures of $\sim 1\,$mK simultaneously on ten measurement leads have been reached upon demagnetization, thus completing the first steps toward ultracold nanostructures.Comment: 4 pages, 3 (color) figure

The scale of predictability

We introduce a new stylized fact: the hump-shaped behavior of slopes and coefficients of determination as a function of the aggregation horizon when running (forward/backward) predictive regressions of future excess market returns onto past economic uncertainty (as proxied by market variance, consumption variance, or economic policy uncertainty). To justify this finding formally, we propose a novel modeling framework in which predictability is specified as a property of low-frequency components of both excess market returns and economic uncertainty. We dub this property scale-specific predictability. We show that classical predictive systems imply restricted forms of scale-specific predictability. We conclude that for certain predictors, like economic uncertainty, the restrictions imposed by classical predictive systems may be excessively strong

Where surface physics and fluid dynamics meet: rupture of an amphiphile layer by fluid flow

We investigate the fluctuating pattern created by a jet of fluid impingent upon an amphiphile-covered surface. This microscopically thin layer is initially covered with 50 $\mu$m floating particles so that the layer can be visualized. A vertical jet of water located below the surface and directed upward drives a hole in this layer. The hole is particle-free and is surrounded by the particle-laden amphiphile region. The jet ruptures the amphiphile layer creating a particle-free region that is surrounded by the particle-covered surface. The aim of the experiment is to understand the (fluctuating) shape of the ramified interface between the particle-laden and particle-free regions.Comment: published in Journal of Chemical Physic