Les produits et sous-produits du bananier dans l’alimentation animale

L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer que les produits et sous-produits du bananier peuvent être incorporés dans l’alimentation animale sans risque. Ces produits et sous-produits agricoles ont été plusieurs fois utilisés dans l’alimentation des ruminants, du porc, du lapin et de la volaille sous forme ensilée, farineuse ou hachée à des taux variables. Les résultats obtenus sont comparables à ceux obtenus avec des aliments couramment utilisés en élevage. Les feuilles du bananier, le son pseudo-tronc, la banane et ses déchets peuvent servir dans l’alimentation animale

Substitution de la farine de poisson par la farine d’asticots séchés dans le régime du rat en croissance : Risques pathologiques ?

Deux groupes de dix rats en croissance sont nourris durant 15 jours, avec deux régimes alimentaires ne différant que par la qualité de leurs protéines animales. L’un contient 10% de farine de poisson (témoin) et l’autre, 10% de farine d’asticots séchés (FAS). Le dosage des paramètres biochimiques plasmatiques et la biométrie des reins et des foies sont effectués chez tous les rats en fin d’expérience. Aucune pathologie ni anomalie physiologique n’a été décelée à travers les paramètres biochimiques plasmatiques. Mais, la biométrie des organes révèle chez les rats sous régime FAS, une diminution de 6,60% du poids des reins et une augmentation de 10,60% du poids des foies, en comparaison aux sujets témoins. Ces résultats pourraient présager une pathologie ou une perturbation du métabolisme nutritionnel de ces organes

A Trial of Early Antiretrovirals and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Africa

BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis is high. We conducted a trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design to assess the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART), 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), or both among HIV-infected adults with high CD4+ cell counts in Ivory Coast. METHODS: We included participants who had HIV type 1 infection and a CD4+ count of less than 800 cells per cubic millimeter and who met no criteria for starting ART according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: deferred ART (ART initiation according to WHO criteria), deferred ART plus IPT, early ART (immediate ART initiation), or early ART plus IPT. The primary end point was a composite of diseases included in the case definition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), non-AIDS-defining cancer, non-AIDS-defining invasive bacterial disease, or death from any cause at 30 months. We used Cox proportional models to compare outcomes between the deferred-ART and early-ART strategies and between the IPT and no-IPT strategies. RESULTS: A total of 2056 patients (41% with a baseline CD4+ count of ≥500 cells per cubic millimeter) were followed for 4757 patient-years. A total of 204 primary end-point events were observed (3.8 events per 100 person-years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3 to 4.4), including 68 in patients with a baseline CD4+ count of at least 500 cells per cubic millimeter (3.2 events per 100 person-years; 95% CI, 2.4 to 4.0). Tuberculosis and invasive bacterial diseases accounted for 42% and 27% of primary end-point events, respectively. The risk of death or severe HIV-related illness was lower with early ART than with deferred ART (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.76; adjusted hazard ratio among patients with a baseline CD4+ count of ≥500 cells per cubic millimeter, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.94) and lower with IPT than with no IPT (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.88; adjusted hazard ratio among patients with a baseline CD4+ count of ≥500 cells per cubic millimeter, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.01). The 30-month probability of grade 3 or 4 adverse events did not differ significantly among the strategies. CONCLUSIONS: In this African country, immediate ART and 6 months of IPT independently led to lower rates of severe illness than did deferred ART and no IPT, both overall and among patients with CD4+ counts of at least 500 cells per cubic millimeter. (Funded by the French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis; TEMPRANO ANRS 12136 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00495651.)

A case of congenital obstruction of magendie’s foramen: embryologic analysis and treatment

Abstract Background Fourth ventricle isolated Magendie’s foramen primitive obstruction is rare. The etiology and the pathophysiology of the constitution of this obstruction in congenital cases remain elusive. We report a case of congenital obstruction of Magendie’s foramen in an adult patient and discuss the embryogenic mechanism and our management of this rare pathology. Case presentation A 20 years old female patient without any medical history was referred for headaches and vomiting. Emergency CT scan revealed major hydrocephalus subsequently she underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt as initial treatment. The diagnosis of fourth ventricle obstruction was made 5 months later when the patient came back complaining of headaches, cerebellar signs and cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle on CT scan and MRI. Fourth ventricle Magendie’s foraminoplasty via classic posterior fossa surgery brings complete cure. Conclusion Magendie’s foramen obstruction is rare. The embryological development of the posterior fossa and its content could explain the primitive obstruction which can be managed by classic surgery in case of unavaibility of endoscopy

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

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