FGPA Implementation of Low-Complexity ICA Based Blind Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output OFDM Receivers

In this thesis Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based methods are used for blind detection in MIMO systems. ICA relies on higher order statistics (HOS) to recover the transmitted streams from the received mixture. Blind separation of the mixture is achieved based on the assumption of mutual statistical independence of the source streams. The use of HOS makes ICA methods less sensitive to Gaussian noise. ICA increase the spectral efficiency compared to conventional systems, without any training/pilot data required. ICA is usually used for blind source separation (BSS) from their mixtures by measuring non-Gaussianity using Kurtosis. Many scientific problems require FP arithmetic with high precision in their calculations. Moreover a large dynamic range of numbers is necessary for signal processing. FP arithmetic has the ability to automatically scale numbers and allows numbers to be represented in a wider range than fixed-point arithmetic. Nevertheless, FP algorithm is difficult to implement on the FPGA, because the algorithm is so complex that the area (logic elements) of FPGA leads to excessive consumption when implemented. A simplified 32-bit FP implementation includes adder, Subtractor, multiplier, divider, and square rooter The FPGA design is based on a hierarchical concept, and the experimental results of the design are presented

Deep CNN Framework for Object Detection and Classification System from Real Time Videos

In today's world, accurately counting and classifying vehicles in real-time has become a critical task for effective traffic management, surveillance, and transportation systems. It plays a crucial role in optimizing road infrastructure, enhancing safety measures, and making informed decisions for traffic planning. With the ever-increasing traffic congestion and road safety concerns, the demand for a robust and automated vehicle counting and classification system has grown significantly. Traditionally, vehicle counting, and classification involved manual deployment of sensors or fixed cameras at specific locations. However, these methods had limitations in handling complex traffic scenarios, especially in real-time, and were less efficient in dealing with varying environmental conditions, occlusions, and different vehicle types. Fortunately, recent advancements in deep learning models have revolutionized object detection, making real-time vehicle counting and classification achievable. One such model is the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm based on the Darknet framework. Leveraging the power of this model, a real-time vehicle counting, and classification system has been developed, utilizing the OpenCV library. The system employs a pretrained YOLO model to detect the number of vehicles present in a given video and classifies the type of each vehicle. By doing so, it eliminates the need for extensive human intervention and ensures automated and accurate counting of vehicles in real-time. Moreover, this system excels in handling varying traffic conditions and different vehicle types, which enhances its accuracy and reliability. The benefits of this proposed system are numerous. It provides valuable data for traffic analysis, enabling better traffic management strategies and improved infrastructure planning. With this system in place, authorities can efficiently address traffic congestion, implement targeted safety measures, and optimize traffic flow. Further, the integration of the YOLO algorithm within the Darknet framework in the proposed system has opened new possibilities for real-time traffic management. By leveraging deep learning, this system offers a reliable and efficient solution to the challenges posed by modern traffic scenarios, helping to create safer and more organized road networks for everyone

Experimental study of end-capped acceptors influencing the photo-physical, electrochemical and thermal parameters of A-D-π-D-A type small molecular electron donors

385-392We have designed A-D-π-D-A type three new small molecular donor materials denoted as FD-IND, FD-DCV and FD-NBR, which have been synthesised and their photo-physical, electrochemical and thermal properties explored. The synthesised materials have fluorene as “π-spacer,” dithieonopyrrole as “Donor” (D) and various “Acceptor” (A) units are 1,3-indanedione (IND), dicyanovinylene (DCV) and N-butyl rhodanine (NBR). All these three materials have good solubility (~30 mg/mL) in most common organic solvents and have relatively broad absorption in the visible region covering the range of 300-650 nm with two primary absorption bands. The absorption bands located at shorter wavelength region are ascribed to a localized aromatic π-π* transition of the A-D-π-D-A system, while the bands at longer wavelength are mainly attributed to an ICT transition. All the compounds exhibit excellent thermal stabilities in the range of 260-373°C. Cyclic voltammetry data provided HOMO values as −5.26, −5.32 and −5.32 eV for FD-NBR, FD-DCV and FD-IND respectively. LUMO values estimated from HOMO values and optical band gap are −3.27, −3.22 and −3.37 eV for FD-NBR, FD-DCV and FD-IND respectively. Therefore, these are potential molecules for organic solar cells

Unsteady flow of a nanofluid over a sphere with nonlinear Boussinesq approximation

A theoretical study is presented of transient mixed convection boundary layer flow of a nanofluid in the forward stagnation region of a heated sphere which is rotating with time dependent angular velocity. The effect of the non-linear Boussinesq approximation is taken into account. The nanofluid is treated as a two-component mixture i.e. nano-particles distributed homogenously in a base fluid (water or gas). The effects of the Brownian motion and thermophoresis are included for the nanofluid and constant wall temperature is imposed at the sphere surface. The first and second laws of thermodynamics are employed in order to study thermophysics as well as heat and mass transfer phenomena. By introducing appropriate similarity variables the governing equations are transformed into a system of dimensionless, nonlinear, coupled, ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically by applying the second-order accurate implicit finite difference Keller box method. The reliability and efficiency of the obtained numerical results are validated via comparison with the previously published results for special cases. The effects of various parameters on primary and secondary velocities, temperature, nanofluid volume fraction (concentration), primary and secondary shear stress functions, Nusselt number function (wall heat transfer rate) and Sherwood number function (wall nanoparticle mass transfer rate) are visualized. Furthermore the influence of non-linear temperature parameter, Brinkman parameter (ratio of Brinkman number to dimensionless temperature ratio), local Reynolds number and unsteadiness parameter on entropy generation number is computed. A strong elevation in entropy generation number is computed with both increasing Brinkman parameter and unsteadiness parameter. Primary and secondary surface shear stresses, Nusselt number and Sherwood number also increase with unsteadiness and rotation parameters. Primary shear stress is boosted with increasing mixed convection parameter and Brownian motion effect whereas secondary shear stress is depressed. Temperatures are suppressed with increasing nonlinear temperature parameter whereas nano-particle concentrations are elevated. Increasing thermophoresis parameter enhances both temperatures and nano-particle concentration values. The simulations find applications in rotating chemical engineering mixing systems and nano-coating transport phenomena

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF IRRIGATION AND GROWING METHODS ON GROWTH, YIELD ANDWATER-USE EFFICIENCY OF TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILLER)

A two year field study was conducted during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 on light textured soils of BCT- KVK Visakhapatnamdistrict to investigate the effect of different types of irrigation and growing methods on growth, yield, water-use efficiency and economics of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). Drip + polythene mulch + trellising given maximum values for fruit yield (62.21 t/ha), plant height (91.22 cm), fruit weight (88.33 g), plant dry matter (49.32g) and less weed growth (6.12 gm-2) compared to drip + polythene mulch and drip alone. Highest water use efficiency (1.44) was observed in drip + polythene mulch + trellising followed by drip + polythene mulch (1.26). Use of black polyethylene mulch + drip + trellising recorded significantly highest net income (161134 Rs./ha). In case of surface irrigation, furrow + black polythene mulch + trellising recorded highest fruit yield (43.82 t/ha), fruit weight (83.33 g), plant height (83.32 cm) and plant dry matter (41.32 g) followed by furrow + black polythene mulch (35.23 t/ha, 75.62 g, 75.66 cm,36.34g). Less weed growth was observed with furrow + polythene mulch + trellising (30.23gM-2) and furrow + black polythene mulch (30.36 gM-2) when compared to control (62.76 gM-2). Highest net returns (102708 Rs./ha) and benefit cost ratio(2.41) recoded with furrow + black polythene mulch + trellising. Among all the treatments drip + black polythene mulch + trellising recorded highest values for all the parameters

MOBILE APPS FRAUD DETECTION USING RANKING

Positioning misrepresentation in the portable Application business shows to false or dubious activities which have a motivation behind, thumping up the Applications in the popularity list. To be sure, it ends up being more endless for Application architects to adventure shady means, for instance, developing their Applications' business or posting fraud Application assessments, to ponder situating deception. While the ramification of abstaining from positioning misrepresentation has been by and large maintained, there is constrained comprehension and examination here. This paper gives an all-inclusive viewpoint of situating deception and proposes a Positioning misrepresentation distinguishing proof structure for versatile Applications. In particular, it is proposed to precisely discover the mining in order to posture blackmail the dynamic periods, to be particular driving sessions, of compact Applications. Such driving sessions can be used for recognizing the area irregularity as opposed to an overall anomaly of Application rankings. In addition, three sorts of verification s are investigated, i.e., situating based affirmations, displaying to rate based confirmations and study based evidences, Applications' situating, rating and review rehearses through genuine speculations tests. In the request, this paper gets the skill of the proposed system, and shows the distinguishing proof's flexibility estimation furthermore some consistency of situating deception works out

A EVIDENCE MULTICOPY DYNAMIC DATA POSSESSION IN MULTI CLOUD COMPUTING SYSTEM

Now a day more and more organizations increasing and are opting for outsource data to remote cloud services provider .the customers can rent the CSPs storage infrastructures to stores and retrieves almost unlimited amount of data by paying fees metered in gigabyte/month. In this paper, proposes a map-based provable multicopy dynamic data possession (MB-PMDDP) scheme that’s has to follows features: 1) its provide an evidences to  customer that the CSPs is not going to  cheat by storing the copy of data; 2) its support outsourcing of dynamic data and its support block levels operation,  such as block modifications, insertion, deletion, and append; and 3) it allows authorized users to seamlessly access the file copies stored by the CSP. It gives a comparative analysis of the proposed MB-PMDDP scheme with a reference model obtained by extends existing provable possessions of dynamics single copies scheme.

Adaptive Control Strategy of Active Power Filter for Harmonic Compensation of Non Linear Loads

A dynamic power channel executed with a four-leg voltage-source inverter utilizing a prescient control conspire is exhibited. The utilization of a four-leg voltage-source inverter permits the remuneration of current consonant parts, and in addition lopsided current created by single-stage nonlinear burdens. A point by point yet basic numerical model of the dynamic power channel, including the impact of the proportional power framework impedance, is determined and used to outline the prescient control calculation.   A fluffy controller is intended to relieve the aggregate symphonious contortion. The pay execution of the proposed dynamic power channel and the related control plot under relentless state and transient working conditions is shown through recreations utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK condition

Block Chain for Financial Application using IOT

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a popular computing technology paradigm. It is increasingly being utilized to facilitate human life processes through a variety of applications, including smart healthcare, smart grids, smart finance, and smart cities. Scalability, interoperability, security, and privacy, as well as trustworthiness, are all issues that IoT applications face. Blockchain solutions have recently been created to help overcome these difficulties. Therefore, this paper describes the concept of providing security for payment processing involved in IOT devices and their service usage by applying Blockchain technology. Blockchain is a secured distributed cryptographic hashing technique which maintains transaction in a transparent and unalterable format. It maintains block of chained transaction and keeps on validating old and new transaction and if old hash matched then only transaction will be consider as successfully verified. All users’ transaction will be privacy protected and this same technique applied in this project to secure payment process happen between users and company services. All data in this project saved inside Blockchain and authentication and privacy will be performed by using DSA (digital signature algorithm) and SHA hashing technique