Deformation of the quintom cosmological model and its consequences

In this paper, we investigate the effects of non-commutative phase-space on the quintom cosmological model. In that case, we discuss $\Lambda_{1}$, $\Lambda_{2}$ and other cosmological parameters and show that they are associated to deformation parameters $\theta$ and $\beta$. Generally one can say that, the non-commutative parameter plays important role in physics and here also help us to arrange the divergency of cosmological constant. We draw time-dependent scale factor and investigate the effect of non-commutative parameters. Finally, we take advantage from non-commutative phase-space and obtain the deformed Lagrangian for the quintom model. In order to discuss some cosmological phenomena as dark energy and inflation, we employ Neother symmetry.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure. References added in the revised versio

Half-optical-cycle damped solitons in quadratic nonlinear media

In this paper, Using a classical model of the radiation-matter interaction, we show that the propagation of (1 + 1) dimensional few-optical-cycle pulses in quadratic nonlinear media, taking moderate absorption into account, can be described by the Korteweg–de Vries-Burgers’ (KdVB) equation without using the slowly varying envelope approximation. To fulfill this purpose we use the reductive perturbation method and consider the long-wave approximation, assuming that the characteristic frequency of the pulse is much lower than the resonance frequency of the atoms. We also study both analytical and numerical solution of the KdVB equation describing damped few-optical-cycle soliton propagation

Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Electrical Study of High Power Thermal Arc Plasma Switching Device

In this work, an atmospheric thermal plasma arc generated from a laboratory scale high power arc switching device was investigated. In the presented study the typical voltage and current profiles from the arc switching device were measured by a high voltage probe and a Rogowski coil. It was shown that the volt-ampere characteristic of the arc plasma is directly related to the distance between electrodes. This switching device has a pulse width range of approximately 120 ns. Furthermore, the optical emis-sion spectroscopy techniques were used to measurement of the arc temperature and to identify the plasma active species. The calculated arc temperature is about 14000 K

Nuclear classical dynamics of H2_2 in intense laser field

In the first part of this paper, the different distinguishable pathways and regions of the single and sequential double ionization are determined and discussed. It is shown that there are two distinguishable pathways for the single ionization and four distinct pathways for the sequential double ionization. It is also shown that there are two and three different regions of space which are related to the single and double ionization respectively. In the second part of the paper, the time dependent Schr\"{o}dinger and Newton equations are solved simultaneously for the electrons and the nuclei of H$_2$ respectively. The electrons and nuclei dynamics are separated on the base of the adiabatic approximation. The soft-core potential is used to model the electrostatic interaction between the electrons and the nuclei. A variety of wavelengths (390 nm, 532 nm and 780 nm) and intensities ($5\times10^{14}$ $Wcm^{-2}$ and $5\times10^{15}$ $Wcm^{-2}$) of the ultrashort intense laser pulses with a sinus second order envelope function are used. The behaviour of the time dependent classical nuclear dynamics in the absence and present of the laser field are investigated and compared. In the absence of the laser field, there are three distinct sections for the nuclear dynamics on the electronic ground state energy curve. The bond hardening phenomenon does not appear in this classical nuclear dynamics simulation.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

Climate informed engineering: An essential pillar of industry 4.0 transformation

Breakthroughs in computing have led to development of new generations of Earth Systems Models providing detailed information on how our planet may locally respond to the ongoing global warming. Access to such climate information systems presents an unprecedented opportunity for engineers to make tangible contributions to climate adaptation through integration of climate information in their products, designs, and services. We introduce the concept of “Climate Informed Engineering” (CIE) as an emerging interdisciplinary field integrating climatic considerations in engineering products and services. The concept behind CIE is to enable engineers to build infrastructure, devices, sensors or develop new materials and processes that are informed by climate and climate change information. We believe CIE will be an increasingly important dimension of Engineering Science resonating with engineers and scientists with different backgrounds

Selective expression of a VHIV subfamily of immunoglobulin genes in human CD5+ B lymphocytes from cord blood.

Human B lymphocytes expressing the CD5 surface antigen (CD5+ B cells) constitute a subset capable of producing polyspecific antibodies recognizing a variety of self antigens. The repertoire of antibodies produced by CD5+ and CD5- B cells is different. However, it is not yet established whether this distribution is reflected in different immunoglobulin variable region gene (IgV) use. Rearrangement of heavy chain IgV (IgVH) genes represents one of the first identifiable stages in the maturation of B cells, and occurs in a developmentally ordered fashion. The repertoire of IgVH gene expression is highly restricted during fetal life but diversifies progressively after birth. A high frequency of VH gene use from the relatively small VHIV gene family has previously been demonstrated in human fetal liver B cells. In the present study, 102 B cell lines established by Epstein-Barr Virus-transformation of separated CD5+ and CD5- cord blood B cells, were examined for the frequency of IgV expression using monoclonal antibodies to cross-reactive idiotypes (CRI). The results demonstrate a relatively high frequency of VHIV gene use (30%) in B cells from cord blood. Furthermore, two mutually exclusive CRI associated with distinct subgroups of the VHIV family are segregated in their association with either subset of B cells. One CRI is exclusively expressed in lines established from CD5+ B cells while the other is associated with lines established from CD5- B cells

The effects of green coffee extract supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials

Background: The role of coffee consumption in the risk of cardiovascular diseases has been debated for many years. The current study aimed to summarize earlier evidence on the effects of green coffee extract (GCE) supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile. Methods: We searched available online databases for relevant clinical trials published up to October 2019. All clinical trials investigating the effect of GCE supplementation, compared with a control group, on fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were included. Overall, 14 clinical trials with a total sample size of 766 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. Results: We found a significant reducing effect of GCE supplementation on FBG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -2.35, 95 CI: - 3.78, - 0.92 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and serum insulin (WMD: -0.63, 95 CI: - 1.11, - 0.15 μU/L, P = 0.01). With regard to lipid profile, we observed a significant reduction only in serum levels of TC following GCE supplementation in the overall meta-analysis (WMD: -4.51, 95 CI: - 8.39, - 0.64, P = 0.02). However, subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in serum TG in studies enrolled both genders. Also, such a significant reduction was seen in serum levels of LDL and HDL when the analyses confined to studies with intervention duration of �8 weeks and those included female subjects. In the non-linear dose-response analyses, we found that the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) dosage, the main polyphenol in GCE, on FBG, TG and HDL were in the non-linear fashions. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that GCE supplementation improved FBG and serum levels of insulin and TC. Also, there was a significant improvement in other markers of lipid profile in some subgroups of clinical trials. © 2020 The Author(s)