Baryon Number Non-Conservation and the Topology of Gauge Fields

An introduction to the subject of baryon number non-conservation in the electroweak theory at high temperatures or energies is followed by a summary of our discovery of an infinite surface of sphaleron-like configurations which play a key role in baryon-number non-conserving transitions in a hot electroweak plasma.Comment: Talk given by Ola Tornkvist, to appear in the proceedings of the meeting of the American Physical Society, Division of Particles and Fields (DPF 96) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, August 10-15, 1996. Plain latex, 6 page

Infrastructural Vandalism in Nigerian Cities: The Case of Osogbo, Osun State.

Vandalism of infrastructural facilities is a persistent social problem in all the major Nigerian urban centres today. Despite the inadequacy in infrastructural provision, the available facilities have been consistently vandalized by criminals and mob. This has undoubtedly strained the limited resources of the governments at federal, state and local levels. This paper examines the nature, types, location and costs of vandalism as well as identifying the various actors involved in vandalism of infrastructural facilities in Osogbo, the capital city of Osun State, Nigeria. Questionnaires and interview scheduled were used in eliciting information from the residents of the city and the concerned security agency. Descriptive statistics were used in analyzing the data obtained. The paper revealed a preponderance of male teenagers engaging in vandalism. Also, water pipelines, electricity cables, electrical transformers and telecommunication equipment are more vandalized than other facilities. This has cost the governments and the communities, substantial resources to effect the replacement of repair of the vandalized infrastructure. The paper recommends adequate security to be spearheaded by the inhabitants themselves for the facilities. Provision of employment opportunities to effectively engage the youths of the city is equally considered necessary. Keywords: Vandalism; infrastructural facilities; vandals; electricity cables; water pipeline

DETERMINATION OF TOTAL TANIN CONTENTS OF Terminalia Catappa, L. LEAF EXTRACT AND TEST OF ITS ABILITY AS A COMPLEXION AGENT OF Fe (III)

A study of the essential oil content in basil (Ocimum sanctum) and red lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) originally grown in Flores island has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to identify the chemotype of the essential oils obtained over stahl distillation using GC-MS. The Ocimum mainly consisted of 55% eugenol following by minor trans-alfa-bergometena, patchulana, and linalool. Meanwhile, the chemotype of the red lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. rendle) were citronellol (22%), citronella, cyclohexamethanol, and viridiflorol

Liver transplantation: Expanding the donor and recipient pool

Liver transplantation is an exemplar model of complex surgery and the only curative option for patients with end-stage liver disease. Although historically associated with poor outcomes, liver cancer management has also been revolutionised with liver transplantation and in some instances, survival outcomes are comparable to surgical resection. As such, the key elements underpinning the major advances in surgical technique, immunological therapies and allocation policies combined with improved patient and graft survival outcomes have created a huge demand for organ donation. Despite improvements in donor and recipient selection, there is a persistent disparity between organ supply and demand. Candidate wait-list mortality and dropout rates remain problematic and this concern has resulted in increased efforts to expand the donor pool to meet the unmet needs of the population. This is even more challenging when coupled with an ever-growing recipient pool, candidate waiting lists and an ageing population. Over the past two decades, there has been a considerable focus on extended criteria organs, donations after cardiac death and alternative avenues for marginal liver use. With careful donor selection and recipient matching, these livers may help bridge the gap between supply and demand and placate the ever-expanding recipient pool. Here, we present a summary of recent developments by the transplant community addressing the issues of a growing donor and recipient pool

Blood pressure regulation V: in vivo mechanical properties of precapillary vessels as affected by long-term pressure loading and unloading

Recent studies are reviewed, concerning the in vivo wall stiffness of arteries and arterioles in healthy humans, and how these properties adapt to iterative increments or sustained reductions in local intravascular pressure. A novel technique was used, by which arterial and arteriolar stiffness was determined as changes in arterial diameter and flow, respectively, during graded increments in distending pressure in the blood vessels of an arm or a leg. Pressure-induced increases in diameter and flow were smaller in the lower leg than in the arm, indicating greater stiffness in the arteries/arterioles of the leg. A 5-week period of intermittent intravascular pressure elevations in one arm reduced pressure distension and pressure-induced flow in the brachial artery by about 50 %. Conversely, prolonged reduction of arterial/arteriolar pressure in the lower body by 5 weeks of sustained horizontal bedrest, induced threefold increases of the pressure-distension and pressure-flow responses in a tibial artery. Thus, the wall stiffness of arteries and arterioles are plastic properties that readily adapt to changes in the prevailing local intravascular pressure. The discussion concerns mechanisms underlying changes in local arterial/arteriolar stiffness as well as whether stiffness is altered by changes in myogenic tone and/or wall structure. As regards implications, regulation of local arterial/arteriolar stiffness may facilitate control of arterial pressure in erect posture and conditions of exaggerated intravascular pressure gradients. That increased intravascular pressure leads to increased arteriolar wall stiffness also supports the notion that local pressure loading may constitute a prime mover in the development of vascular changes in hypertension

CANONICAL QUANTIZATION OF DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS

The canonical method is invoked to quantize dissipative systems using the WKB approximation. The wave function is constructed such that its phase factor is simply Hamilton’s principal function. The energy eigenvalue is found to be in exact agreement with the classical case. To demonstrate our approach, the three examples considered in our previous work (ESJ 9(30), 70-81, 2013) are quantized in detail: the damped harmonic oscillator, a system with a variable mass, and a charged particle in a magnetic field

Far-infrared induced current in a ballistic channel -- potential barrier structure

We consider electron transport in a ballistic multi-mode channel structure in the presence of a transversely polarized far-infrared (FIR) field. The channel structure consists of a long resonance region connected to an adiabatic widening with a potential barrier at the end. At frequencies that match the mode energy separation in the resonance region we find distinct peaks in the photocurrent, caused by Rabi oscillations in the mode population. For an experimental situation in which the width of the channel is tunable via gates, we propose a method for reconstructing the spectrum of propagating modes, without having to use a tunable FIR source. With this method the change in the spectrum as the gate voltage is varied can be monitored.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev.

A HAMILTON-JACOBI TREATMENT OF DISSIPATIVE SYSTEMS

Dissipative systems are investigated within the framework of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The principal function is determined using the method of separation of variables. The equation of motion can then be readily obtained. Three examples are given to illustrate our formalism: the damped harmonic oscillator, a system with a variable mass, and a charged particle in a magnetic field

Group Activity Therapy (Gat) Socialization Session 6 Increase Socialization Ability on Child of Mental Retardation

Introduction: The main problem that experienced by child of mental retardation was slowness development of socialization ability especially the ability to cooperate. This disability happened because less of stimulation activity and because of the extraordinary school give more lessons to increase intelligence ability. Group Activity Therapy (GAT) Socialization is a therapy given to child of mental retardation to train their cooperate in playing group and increased their socialization ability (cooperate). Method: This study used Quasy Experimental design. The population was the students of 1-5 class at Karya Bhakti extraordinary school. The sample was recruited with purposive sampling consist of 20 respondents according the inclusions criteria and divided into treatment and control groups. The Independent variable was GAT Socialization session 6 and the dependent variable was the increased of socialization ability (cooperate). Data were collected with observation sheet and analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with level of significance p<0.05.Result : The result showed that given GAT Socialization could increased the socialization ability (cooperate) with the result of statistical test showed significance level p=0.004, that means there was differences of the socialization ability pre and post test and between treatment and control group, showed the result of statistical test with significance level p 0.031. Discussion: It can be conclude that GAT Socialization could increase socialization ability (cooperate). Recommendation for teachers could give the lessons in one group and not only individual. Important to do for further research until GAT Socialization session 7 for increased socialization ability