Production of Ions of Metals with an ECR Ion Source at FLNR (JINR) cyclotrons

Two ECR ion sources : DECRIS-14-2 and ECR4M are presently in permanent operation at the FLNR cyclotrons U400M and U400, correspondingly. During last two years the major effort were made in production of high current stable ion beams of solids with the relatively low melting point in the mass range from Li to Bi. Both the evaporator and MIVOC methods were used. Among the solids such an exotic beam as 48Ca was produced at the U400 cyclotron with high efficiency. The main results on production of solid ions will be reported

Feasibility of a Small, Rapid Optical-to-IR Response, Next Generation Gamma Ray Burst Mission

We present motivations for and study feasibility of a small, rapid optical to IR response gamma ray burst (GRB) space observatory. By analyzing existing GRB data, we give realistic detection rates for X-ray and optical/IR instruments of modest size under actual flight conditions. Given new capabilities of fast optical/IR response (about 1 s to target) and simultaneous multi-band imaging, such an observatory can have a reasonable event rate, likely leading to new science. Requiring a Swift-like orbit, duty cycle, and observing constraints, a Swift-BAT scaled down to 190 square cm of detector area would still detect and locate about 27 GRB per yr. for a trigger threshold of 6.5 sigma. About 23 percent of X-ray located GRB would be detected optically for a 10 cm diameter instrument (about 6 per yr. for the 6.5 sigma X-ray trigger).Comment: Elaborated text version of a poster presented at 2012 Malaga/Marbella symposiu

Использование терапии на основе виртуальной реальности у пациентов после травматологических хирургических вмешательств: проспективное клиническое исследование

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Послеоперационная боль является распространенной проблемой. Использование немедикаментозных методов лечения может снизить потребность в лекарственных препаратах. Применение терапии на основе виртуальной реальности (ВР-терапия) широко изучается как метод дополнительного лечения при острой и хронической боли. Отсутствие данных об эффективности методики у пациентов после травматологических хирургических вмешательств стало основанием для проведения данного исследования. ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Определить эффективность ВР-терапии как метода дополнительного лечения послеоперационной боли у пациентов после травматологических хирургических вмешательств. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: В проспективное клиническое исследование включены 70 пациентов, поступивших для выполнения плановых травматологических операций. ВР-терапию в комплексе с медикаментозными анальгетическими препаратами применили 35 пациентам. В контрольную группу включено 35 пациентов, которым после выполнения аналогичных хирургических вмешательств обезболивание осуществляли только медикаментозно. Терапию на основе ВР проводили с помощью устройства «Oculus Quest 2». Сеансы по 25 мин выполняли через 3, 7, 12 ч после операции. Оценку эффективности противоболевой терапии осуществляли с помощью числовой рейтинговой шкалы. Реакцию эндокринно-метаболического ответа на боль оценивали по изменению концентрации кортизола и адренокортикотропного гормона (АКТГ). РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Терапия на основе медикаментозной анальгезии в комплексе с сеансами ВР приводила к лучшему качеству обезболивания пациентов после травматологических операций. После сеанса ВР-терапии снижение показателей по шкале самооценки боли составило 44 %. При сравнении с результатами, полученными на следующий день, значения в основной группе были ниже на 22 %. Достоверно снизилась потребность пациентов основной группы в наркотических анальгетиках. Изменение концентрации АКТГ как показателя эндокринно-метаболического ответа в группе с ВР-терапией было на 18 % менее выражено. ВЫВОДЫ: Применение ВР-терапии приводит к уменьшению показателей послеоперационной боли, эндокринно-метаболического ответа и потребности в опиоидных анальгетиках

Controlled Transformation of Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Material Properties by Ion Beams

Key circumstance of radical progress for technology of XXI century is the development of a technique which provides controllable producing three-dimensional patterns incorporating regions of nanometer sizes and required physical and chemical properties. Our paper for the first time proposes the method of purposeful direct transformation of the most important substance physical properties, such as electrical, magnetic, optical and others by controllable modification of solid state atomic constitution. The basis of the new technology is discovered by us effect of selective atom removing out of thin di- and polyatomic films by beams of accelerated particles. Potentials of that technique have been investigated and confirmed by our numerous experiments. It has been shown, particularly, that selective atom removing allows to transform in a controllable way insulators into metals, non-magnetics into magnetics, to change radically optical features and some other properties of materials. The opportunity to remove selectively atoms of a certain sort out of solid state compounds is, as such, of great interest in creating technology associated primarily with needs of nanoelectronics as well as many other "nano-problems" of XXI century.Comment: 22 pages, PDF, 9 figure

Low-temperature renormalization group study of uniformly frustrated models for type-II superconductors

We study phase transitions in uniformly frustrated SU(N)-symmetric $(2+\epsilon)$-dimensional lattice models describing type-II superconductors near the upper critical magnetic field $H_{c2}(T)$. The low-temperature renormalization-group approach is employed for calculating the beta-function $\beta(T,f)$ with $f$ an arbitrary rational magnetic frustration. The phase-boundary line $H_{c2}(T)$ is the ultraviolet-stable fixed point found from the equation $\beta(T,f)=0$, the corresponding critical exponents being identical to those of the non-frustrated continuum system. The critical properties of the SU(N)-symmetric complex Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model are then examined in $(4+\epsilon)$ dimensions. The possibility of a continuous phase transition into the mixed state in such a model is suggested.Comment: REVTeX, 12 pages, to appear in the Phys.Rev.

Применение модифицированной глюкозо-инсулин-калиевой смеси у кардиохирургических больных

The investigation was undertaken to study the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of modified (with elevated glucose and insulin levels) glucose-insulin-potassium (GIP) mixture in the correction of acute heart failure in cardiosurgical patients. After infusion of the modified GIP mixture (0.9 g of glucose per kg body weight and 3.75 units of insulin per g glucose), in 15 patients (12 males and 3 females) aged 35 to 72 (54±5) years the increase (p<0.05) in cardiac index and stroke volume index was 21% with simultaneous 20 and 17% decreases in pulmonary wedge pressure and mean pulmonary pressure, respectively (p<0.05). The duration of infusion was 5 hours. A steady-state improvement of cardiac pump function and metabolic parameters could reduce the dosage of cardiotonic drugs 12 hours after administration of the modified GIP mixture. During and after administration of the mixture, the blood levels of glucose and potassium were substantially unchanged. In the study group, all the patients survived. The duration of a resuscitative period was 2.4±0.2 days. With the management protocol used, infusion of the modified GIP mixture was favorable to the steady-state improvement of cardiac pump function without carbohydrate and electrolyte homeostatic impairments.acute heart failure; glucose-insulin-potassium mixtureЦелью исследования было изучение гемодинамических и метаболических эффектов модифицированной (с повышенным содержанием глюкозы и инсулина) глюкозо-инсулин-калиевой (ГИК) смеси при коррекции острой сердечной недостаточности у кардиохирургических больных. У 15 больных (12 мужчин и 3 женщины) в возрасте от 35 до 72 (54±5) лет после окончания инфузии модифицированной ГИК-смеси (0,9 г глюкозы на 1 кг массы тела и 3,75 ед. инсулина на 1 г глюкозы) увеличение (p<0,05) СИ и ИУО составило 21% при одновременном снижении (p<0,05) ЗДЛА и ДЛАср, соответственно, на 20 и 17%. Продолжительность инфузии составила 5 ч. Стойкое улучшение насосной функции сердца и метаболических показателей позволило снизить дозировки кардиотонических препаратов через 12 ч после окончания введения модифицированной ГИК-смеси. Во время и после введения смеси уровень глюкозы и калия крови существенно не изменялся. В исследуемой группе все больные выжили. Продолжительность реанимационного периода составила 2,4±0,2 суток. При использованном протоколе введения, инфузия модифицированной ГИК-смеси способствовала стойкому улучшению насосной функции сердца без нарушения углеводного и электролитного гомеостаза.

On inconsistency of experimental data on primary nuclei spectra with sea level muon intensity measurements

For the first time a complete set of the most recent direct data on primary cosmic ray spectra is used as input into calculations of muon flux at sea level in wide energy range $E_\mu=1-3\cdot10^5$ GeV. Computations have been performed with the CORSIKA/QGSJET and CORSIKA/VENUS codes. The comparison of the obtained muon intensity with the data of muon experiments shows, that measurements of primary nuclei spectra conform to sea level muon data only up to several tens of GeV and result in essential deficit of muons at higher energies. As it follows from our examination, uncertainties in muon flux measurements and in the description of nuclear cascades development are not suitable to explain this contradiction, and the only remaining factor, leading to this situation, is underestimation of primary light nuclei fluxes. We have considered systematic effects, that may distort the results of the primary cosmic ray measurements with the application of the emulsion chambers. We suggest, that re-examination of these measurements is required with the employment of different hadronic interaction models. Also, in our point of view, it is necessary to perform estimates of possible influence of the fact, that sizable fraction of events, identified as protons, actually are antiprotons. Study of these cosmic ray component begins to attract much attention, but today nothing definite is known for the energies $>40$ GeV. In any case, to realize whether the mentioned, or some other reasons are the sources of disagreement of the data on primaries with the data on muons, the indicated effects should be thoroughly analyzed

Time dependence of the e^- flux measured by PAMELA during the July 2006 - December 2009 solar minimum

Precision measurements of the electron component in the cosmic radiation provide important information about the origin and propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy not accessible from the study of the cosmic-ray nuclear components due to their differing diffusion and energy-loss processes. However, when measured near Earth, the effects of propagation and modulation of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere, particularly significant for energies up to at least 30 GeV, must be properly taken into account. In this paper the electron (e^-) spectra measured by PAMELA down to 70 MeV from July 2006 to December 2009 over six-months time intervals are presented. Fluxes are compared with a state-of-the-art three-dimensional model of solar modulation that reproduces the observations remarkably well.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figures, 1 tabl