Vörös és fekete, avagy a „(re-)konstruált párttörténet" (könyvismertető)

A recenzált mű: Az intézményes forradalom. Adatok a kommunista párt kulturális és társadalmi történetéhez Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megyében (1945–1956). Szerk.: KENDE Tamás. Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Megyei Levéltára, Miskolc–Budapest, 2014

European studies: Taking stock and looking ahead

This essay is an attempt to generalize experiences of Central and Eastern European universities in the field of European Studies over the past 20 years. The paper follows the logic of business analysis in order to come up with proposals for future action

And the first shall be the last

This study analyzes the puzzle of Hungarian economic drifting in a long run perspective. The underlying puzzle for the investigation is why bad policies are invariably popular and good policies unpopular, thus why political and economic rationality never overlap. The first part of the article summarizes in eight points the basic features of the postwar period. Then six lessons are offered, which might be useful for other countries in transition or for students of comparative economics and politics, lessons that can be generalized on the basis of the individual country experience

dUTPase based switch controls transfer of virulence genes in order to preserve integrity of the transferred mobile genetic elements

dUTPases ubiquitously regulate cellular dUTP levels to preserve genome integrity. Recently, several other cellular processes were reported to be controlled by dUTPases including the horizontal transfer of Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPI). SaPIs are mobil genetic elements that encode virulence enhancing factors e.g. toxins. Here, phage dUTPases were proposed to counteract the repressor protein (Stl) and promote SaPI excision and transfer. A G protein-like mechanism was proposed which is unexpected in light of the kinetic mechanism of dUTPase. Here we investigate the molecular mechanism of SaPI transfer regulation, using numerous dUTPase variants and a wide range of in vitro methods (steady-state and transient kinetics, VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy, EMSA, quartz crystal microbalance, X-ray crystallography). Our results unambiguously show that Stl inhibits the enzymatic activity of dUTPase in the nM concentration range and dUTP strongly inhibits the dUTPase: Stl complexation. These results identify Stl as a highly potent dUTPase inhibitor protein and disprove the G protein-like mechanism. Importantly, our results clearly show that the dUTPase:dUTP complex is inaccessible to the Stl repressor. Unlike in small GTPases, hydrolysis of the substrate nucleoside triphosphate (dUTP in this case) is required prior to the interaction with the partner (Stl repressor in this case). We propose that dUTPase can efficiently interact with Stl and induce SaPI excision only if the cellular dUTP level is low (i.e. when dUTPase resides mainly in the apo enzyme form) while high dUTP levels would inhibit SaPI transfer. This mechanism may serve the preservation of the integrity of the transferred SaPI genes and links the well-known metabolic role of dUTPases to their newly revealed regulatory function in spread of virulence factors

Több-billentyűs redoműtét felnőtt betegen komplex pulmonalis atresiában

Absztrakt: A 30 éves, komplex pulmonalis atresiás betegnél csecsemőkorban az unifokalizálás eldönthetősége miatt exploratio, 10 éves korban rekonstrukciós műtét (kamrai sövényhiány zárása, unifokalizáció, jobb kamra–arteria pulmonalis folytonosságának kialakítása homografttal) történt. A mindkét kamra csökkent működését okozó aortabillentyű-elégtelenség és ascendenstágulat, illetve homograftelégtelenség miatt az aortabillentyű plasztikája, a pulmonalis billentyű, illetve az aorta ascendens és arteria pulmonalis törzs cseréje vált szükségessé. Magyarországon betegünk az első, akinél ilyen redoműtét történt. A műtét sikere igazolja, hogy megfelelő gondozás, diagnosztika (echokardiográfia, MR, CT) mellett az időben történt műtét jó korai és késői eredményt biztosíthat a komplex szívhibás, felnőttkorú betegek számára. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(14), 546–549. | Abstract: 30-year-old adult with complex pulmonary atresia (previous surgical procedures: in infancy: exploration, at age of 10: ventricular septal defect closing, unifocalization, homograft implantation between right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary artery) has biventricular dysfunction because of aortic valve regurgitation, ascending aortic aneurysm, and homograft insufficienty. Multivalve surgery: aortic valve plasty, pulmonary homograft changes for homograft and ascending aortic reconstruction by graft were carried out successfully. In Hungary this was the first case of this type of surgery. Management of special problems (follow-up, correct diagnostics (echocardiography, MR, CT), indication and necessity of reoperation, optimal age) in adult patients with complex congenital heart defects produces excellent early and late surgical results. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(14), 546–549