Coupling a simulation planning tool with the power flow calculation tool: case study of the Republic of Serbia

The planning of the national energy system by looking at alternative investment decisions through annual simulations (using the EnergyPLAN tool) due to its (combinatorial) complexity leaves little room for explicit network modelling and therefore there is a need to look at the power flows. The investment decisions that are made remain with a degree of vagueness in the technical aspect, which can be removed with this coupling. The CASE tool is used for numerous system calculations of power flows, short-circuit currents, series faults, stability to small disturbances and transient stability. Calculations based on the calculation of power flows are also implemented: network reduction, security (N-1 and N-X), NTC and OTDF/PTDF. The coupling of the CASE and EnergyPLAN programs was achieved through the output text file of EnergyPLAN, which contains the total production of power plants separated by plant type, the total consumption of the system divided into several groups, export and import from the regulatory area hour-by-hour, chronologically throughout the year. CASE tool reads the output file of EnergyPLAN and separates the total production by power plant types to each individual power plant in the system according to predefined distribution coefficients, while the total consumption is distributed proportionally to the existing loads by network nodes. Thus, a model of the power flow calculation system is performed for each hour (1 to 8784) of the year. Calculation results for each hour are stored in the operative memory of the CASE program and can be sorted by the most loaded element of the system, the largest exchange of the observed regulation area, losses in the regulation area, production by a certain type of power plant, consumption, etc. In this way, it is possible to efficiently analyse the operation of the system according to different criteria. The goal of this work is first of all the realization of the coupling of two software tools, which has not been realized until now, as well as the presentation of some of the most significant results selected from among the numerous options of state sorting. The result of the work is the integration of software tools that serve the benefit of planning activities in terms of their technical feasibility, that is, to examine more precisely whether a prospective scenario is realistic from the aspect of power flows in networks

The malarial exported PFA0660w is an Hsp40 co-chaperone of PfHsp70-x

Plasmodium falciparum, the human pathogen responsible for the most dangerous malaria infection, survives and develops in mature erythrocytes through the export of proteins needed for remodelling of the host cell. Molecular chaperones of the heat shock protein (Hsp) family are prominent members of the exportome, including a number of Hsp40s and a Hsp70. PFA0660w, a type II Hsp40, has been shown to be exported and possibly form a complex with PfHsp70-x in the infected erythrocyte cytosol. However, the chaperone properties of PFA0660w and its interaction with human and parasite Hsp70s are yet to be investigated. Recombinant PFA0660w was found to exist as a monomer in solution, and was able to significantly stimulate the ATPase activity of PfHsp70-x but not that of a second plasmodial Hsp70 (PfHsp70-1) or a human Hsp70 (HSPA1A), indicating a potential specific functional partnership with PfHsp70-x. Protein binding studies in the presence and absence of ATP suggested that the interaction of PFA0660w with PfHsp70-x most likely represented a co-chaperone/chaperone interaction. Also, PFA0660w alone produced a concentrationdependent suppression of rhodanese aggregation, demonstrating its chaperone properties. Overall, we have provided the first biochemical evidence for the possible role of PFA0660w as a chaperone and as co-chaperone of PfHsp70-x. We propose that these chaperones boost the chaperone power of the infected erythrocyte, enabling successful protein trafficking and folding, and thereby making a fundamental contribution to the pathology of malaria

Protein refolding using size exclusion chromatography

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN010372 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Capacity of cerebrospinal fluid to transform hydrogen peroxide-relation to neurodegenerative changes in ALS

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Capacity of cerebrospinal fluid to transform hydrogen peroxide-relation to neurodegenerative changes in ALS

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