Manejo sustentable del ecosistema Salinas Grandes, Chaco Árido

Este libro es el resultado de tres años de investigación adaptativa conjuntamente con los pobladores de la región de Salinas Grandes , Provincia de Catamarca, en el marco del Proyecto GEF “Manejo Sustentable del Ecosistema Salinas Grandes, Chaco Árido”. El trabajo fue realizado por la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, en forma conjunta con el Programa Social Agropecuario, Delegación Catamarca; Administración de Parques Nacionales, Delegación Centro; Centro de Zoología Aplicada de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba y la Red Agroforestal Chaco Argentina

the forest vegetation of the tolfa ceriti mountains northern latium central italy

The Forest Vegetation of the Tolfa-Ceriti Mountains (Northern Latium - Central Italy)The forests of the Tolfa-Ceriti mountains (Latium, central Italy) were investigated through a phytosociological approach. 249 relevés were performed and treated with multivariate analysis. 13 woodland communities were identified, of which 7 belong toQuercetalia pubescenti-petraeae, 1 toFagetalia sylvaticae, 1 toPopuletaliaand 4 toQuercetalia ilicis. The thermophilous Turkey oak-forests occurring on the trachytic hills of the Ceriti Mountains and on the flysch substrates of the Tolfa Mountains were included inRubio peregrinae-Quercetum cerridisass. nova.Quercus cerrisandFraxinus angustifoliasubsp.oxycarpawoodland communities of the footslopes have been ascribed toFraxino oxycarpae-Quercetum cerridis, while the widespread mesophilus Turkey oak forests have been ascribed toMelico-Quercetum cerridis. Cephalantero longifoliae-Quercetum cerridishas been restricted to acid and oligotrophic soils.Quercus petraeawoodlands, occurring on trachytic substrates have been described as a new association namedCarici olbiensis-Quercetum petraeaeass. nova. All these mixed oak woods have been included in the allianceCrataego laevigatae-Quercion cerridisArrigoni 1997. The nomenclatural problems concerning the prior nameTeucrio siculi-Quercion cerridisUbaldi 1988 are also discussed. The beech forests of the higher altitudes have been included inFraxino orni-Fagetum sylvaticae, while theAlnus glutinosaravine woodlands have been described as belonging to the new associationPolysticho setiferi-Alnetum glutinosae. Secondary communities ofAcer monspessulanumandAcer campestredeveloped on flysch substrates, and ofErica arboreaandArbutus unedo(Erico-Arbutetum unedonis) developed on trachytic substrates, have also been identified. Finally two types ofQuercus ilexwood have been identified:Cyclamino repandi-Quercetum ilicis, on sandstones, and the new associationArbuto unedonis-Quercetum ilicisass. nova on volcanic soils. This latter community can be considered as a coenological and geographical vicariant in central Italy of the sicilianErico-Quercetum ilicis

High-throughput monitoring of major cell functions by means of lensfree video microscopy

International audienceQuantification of basic cell functions is a preliminary step to understand complex cellular mechanisms, for e.g., to test compatibility of biomaterials, to assess the effectiveness of drugs and siRNAs, and to control cell behavior. However, commonly used quantification methods are label-dependent, and end-point assays. As an alternative, using our lensfree video microscopy platform to perform high-throughput real-time monitoring of cell culture, we introduce specifically devised metrics that are capable of non-invasive quantification of cell functions such as cell-substrate adhesion, cell spreading, cell division, cell division orientation and cell death. Unlike existing methods, our platform and associated metrics embrace entire population of thousands of cells whilst monitoring the fate of every single cell within the population. This results in a high content description of cell functions that typically contains 25,000 - 900,000 measurements per experiment depending on cell density and period of observation. As proof of concept, we monitored cell-substrate adhesion and spreading kinetics of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) and primary human fibroblasts, we determined the cell division orientation of hMSCs, and we observed the effect of transfection of siCellDeath (siRNA known to induce cell death) on hMSCs and human Osteo Sarcoma (U2OS) Cells

Organoids-based High Content Screening in Oncology

International audienceTo analyze the phenotypic consequences of genetic perturbation in mammalian cells with drugs, RNAi or expression vectors, there are increasing needs for systematic cell-based high content screening (HCS) approaches, particularly in oncology. Although several groups are performing HCS in human cell lines, the real challenge in translational research remains screening on a reduced number of primary cells directly obtained from patients in a microenvironment that would resemble the original tissues. While standard monolayer two-dimensional culture conditions or even spheroids resulting form the forced aggregation of cells are poor mimics of the tumour natural history, microfabricated systems enable three-dimensional clonal organoids cultures and have the potential to provide biological insight not achievable before. We use microfluidics and MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems) to analyze the phenotypic consequences of genetic perturbations (RNAi-based HCS) in 3D organoids. Specifically, we present a novel approach based on a flowfocusing microfluidic system that encapsulates either single prostatic or mammary cell in Matrigel beads and assay for development of organoids. Furthermore, we developed new imaging technology to monitor live organoids self-assembly and inter organoids cell trafficking

Faisabilité et pertinence d'un diagnostic de dangers sanitaires et de procédures de maîtrise basés sur les principes de l'HACCP en exploitation agricole

Textes issus des travaux du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" de 2007 et présentés lors d'un colloque le 4 décembre 2012, sous l'égide du GIS Relance AgronomiqueLes sept principes HACCP dans leur ensemble ne peuvent s'appliquer de façon pertinente en production primaire. La mise en place de prérequis peut suffire à créer un environnement hygiénique qui ne nécessite pas une maîtrise supplémentaire des dangers. Cependant, l'existence potentielle d'interactions entre les activités au sein de l'exploitation agricole pouvant générer des dangers non couverts par les guides de bonnes pratiques d'hygiène (GBPH) implique l'application seule et suffisante du premier principe HACCP afin d'identifier les dangers résultant de flux entre les activités de l'exploitation, d'effectuer l'analyse de ces dangers et de définir les mesures permettant de les maîtriser. Une méthodologie d'approche et de sensibilisation à la problématique de sécurité des aliments a été élaborée, qui permet d'identifier les prérequis et/ou les mesures de maîtrise spécifiques qui sont essentielles dans l'exploitation agricole

[Cognitive decline in geriatric oncology: Trends, evaluation and treatment]

International audienceCancer prevalence increases with aging. Prevalent or incident neurocognitive disorders are frequent in geriatric oncology. Cognitive decline associated with cancer increases the risk of under or over-cancer treatment and makes therapeutic decisions complex. In this context, we present tools to optimize cognitive impairment screening, identification of underlying mechanisms and specific treatments. Geriatric specialists intervention can help global care, social services utilization and patient's orientation when ambulatory cares become difficult