Non-radial Oscillation Modes of Compact Stars with a Crust

Oscillation modes of isolated compact stars can, in principle, be a fingerprint of the equation of state (EoS) of dense matter. We study the non-radial high-frequency l=2 spheroidal modes of neutron stars and strange quark stars, adopting a two-component model (core and crust) for these two types of stars. Using perturbed fluid equations in the relativistic Cowling approximation, we explore the effect of a strangelet or hadronic crust on the oscillation modes of strange stars. The results differ from the case of neutron stars with a crust. In comparison to fluid-only configurations, we find that a solid crust on top of a neutron star increases the p-mode frequency slightly with little effect on the f-mode frequency, whereas for strange stars, a strangelet crust on top of a quark core significantly increases the f-mode frequency with little effect on the p-mode frequency.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

\u3ci\u3eAnaphes\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) Reared from the Eggs of a Shore Fly (Diptera: Ephydridae)

Members of the family Mymaridae are obligate parasitoids of insect eggs, and some species attack the eggs of aquatic insects. Only one account of egg parasitism by the mymarid genus Anaphes on Diptera has been disclosed in the literature. Bakkendorf (1971) bred Anaphes autumnalis Foerster from an egg of Tipula autumnalis Loew

A Possible Case of Spatial Isolation in Brine Flies of the Genus \u3ci\u3eEphydra\u3c/i\u3e (Diptera: Ephydridae)

(excerpt) During the summer of 1975, adults and larvae of Ephydra riparia Fallen and E. cinerea Jones were encountered in the many brine pools occurring on the property of the Morton Salt Company at Rittman, Wayne County, Ohio (Scheiring and Foote, 1973). Larvae of both species have been reported to be salt tolerant (Bayly, 1972). E. ripariu larvae can survive in salinities up to 80°/oo (Sutcliffe, 1960), and the larvae of cinerea have been encountered by Nemenz (1960) in the Great Salt Lake of Utah at a salinity of 300°/oo

Sierra Leone After the End of the Armed Conflict

Since March 1991, Sierra Leone has experienced continuous civil strife culminat­ing in a protracted civil war, leading to widespread destructions of infrastructures and property, and the death of thousands of people, many more injured and over half of the population displaced. Three peace accords were signed in 1996, 1997 and 1999 in Abidjan, Conakry and Lame respectively. However, these agreements did not bring peace. In this paper, the author situates the reasons and the nature of the conflict, the events leading to both government and rebel leaders declaring in January 2002 the end to conflict. Finally, he looks at Sierra Leone following the formal declaration of an end to the war.Desde Março de 1991, a Serra Leoa viveu uma experiencia de permanentes conflitos violentes envolvendo populações civil, experiência esta que desembocou numa verdadeira guerra civil, com a destruição em larga escala de infra-estruturas e propriedades, a morte de milhares de pessoas, um número muito maior de feridos, e mais de metade da população deslocada. Três acordos de paz foram assinados — em 1996 (Abidjan), 1997 (Conakry) e 1999 (Lame), respectivamente. Porém, nenhum deles trouxe a paz. No presente artigo, o autor localiza as razoes e a natureza do conflito, e os acontecimentos que levaram o governo e os líderes rebeldes a declarar o conflito terminado, em Janeiro de 2002. Na parte final analisa a situação Serra Leoa desta «declaração de fim de guerra».Dès mars 1991, la Sierra Leone a vécu une expérience de continuels conflits violents qui impliquaient des populations civiles. Cette expérience a débouché sur une vraie guerre civile, avec destruction à grande échelle d'infrastructures et propriétés, la mort de milliers de personnes, un nombre encore plus grand de blessés, et plus de moitié de la population déplacée. Trois accords de paix ont été signés — en 1996 (Abidjan), 1997 (Conakry)et 1999 (Lame), respectivement. Cependant, aucun d'entre eux n'a produit la paix. Dans l'article qui suit, l'auteur localise les raisons et la nature du conflit ainsi que les évènements que ont conduit le gouvernement et les chefs rebelles a déclarer le conflit comme terminé, en janvier 2002. Dans la parte finale il analyse les résultats de cette « déclaration de fin de guerre » en Sierra Léone

A Southeastern North America River Community Forty-Thousand Years Ago

Understanding how past communities have been shaped by environmental alterations can provide insight into the impacts of future climate change. Local climate and river systems have changed significantly over the last glacial maximum, but little is known about the communities of the Georgian Coastal Plain earlier in the period. Plant fossils from Coffee Bluff, a Quaternary organic river deposit of the Ocmulgee River in southeastern Georgia, were used to determine past environmental and climatic conditions. The paleoflora were found imbedded in a mud matrix and were removed by a slaking method; they were later identified and separated to respective ecological environments. Of the eleven species identified, one was a wetland species (marsh sedges), while the remaining ten were woodland species. From using the coexistence approach with the plant fossils and aligning their growing conditions, we suggest that Coffee Bluff was a stream/riverine habitat with loamy and well-drained soils; local climate was humid, with temperatures and annual precipitation ranging from 10 to 210C and 1016 to 1524 mm, respectively. Few gymnosperm specimens were recovered in the material, though groups like conifers were dominant in the coastal plain environment during the late Pleistocene. It is most likely that there were fewer conifer trees near the collection area

Rash morphology as a predictor of COVID-19 severity:A systematic review of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19

Approximately 6% of those with COVID‐19 will experience cutaneous manifestations. Examining data from this cohort could provide useful information to help with the management of COVID‐19. To that end, we conducted a systematic review primarily to assess rash morphologies associated with COVID‐19 and their relationship with disease severity. Secondary outcomes include demographics, distribution, dermatological symptoms, timeline, diagnostic method and medication history. The literature was searched for all patients with skin manifestations thought to be related to suspected or confirmed COVID‐19. Patients with a history of dermatological, rheumatological or occupational skin disorders were excluded. Of the 2056 patients selected, the most common morphologies were chilblain‐like lesions (54.2%), maculopapular (13.6%) and urticaria (8.3%). Chilblain‐like lesions were more frequent in the younger population (mean age 21.5, standard deviation ± 10.8) and were strongly linked with milder disease, not requiring an admission (odds ratio [OR] 35.36 [95% confidence interval {CI} 23.58, 53.03]). Conversely, acro‐ischaemia and livedo reticularis were associated with worse outcomes, including a need for ICU (OR 34.01 [95% CI 16.62, 69.57] and OR 5.57 [95% CI 3.02, 10.30], respectively) and mortality (OR 25.66 [95% CI 10.83, 60.79] and OR 10.71 [95% CI 4.76, 24.13], respectively). Acral lesions were the most common site (83.5%). 35.1% experienced pruritus, 16.4% had pain and 4.7% reported a burning sensation. 34.1% had asymptomatic lesions. Rash was the only symptom in 20.9% and occurred before or alongside systemic symptoms in 12.4%. 28.3% had a positive polymerase chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab and 5.4% had positive antibodies, while 21.9% tested negative and 45.1% were not tested. In conclusion, COVID‐19 causes a variety of rashes, which may cause symptoms and add to morbidity. Rash type could be helpful in determining COVID‐19 prognosis