2,021 research outputs found
UMS Transforms Update, Memo 1
Over the coming months we will regularly write memos like this one to update you about the work taking place to implement the UMS TRANSFORMS initiatives. These memos are designed to update you on whatâs happening, provide you with opportunities to express your interest in the initiatives, indicate your interest in getting involved, and suggest ideas that can deepen and expand the work already underway in the many dimensions of this program. Regular updates and additional information are online. Each of the four project areas will provide regular updates, announcements, and information on that site regularly
Measurement of CHD on Titan at Submillimeter Wavelengths
We present the first radio/submillimeter detection of monodeuterated methane
(CHD) in Titan's atmosphere, using archival data from of the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The and
transitions at 465.235 and 465.250 GHz ( mm) were measured at
significance levels of and , respectively. These two
lines were modeled using the Non-linear optimal Estimator for MultivariatE
spectral analySIS (NEMESIS) radiative transfer code to determine the
disk-averaged CHD volume mixing ratio = in Titan's
stratosphere (at altitudes km). By comparison with the CH vertical
abundance profile measured by Cassini-Huygens mass spectrometry, the resulting
value for D/H in CH is . This is consistent
with previous ground-based and in-situ measurements from the Cassini-Huygens
mission, though slightly lower than the average of the previous values.
Additional CHD observations at higher spatial resolution will be required
to determine a value truly comparable with the Cassini-Huygens CH
measurements, by measuring CHD with ALMA close to Titan's equator. In the
post-Cassini era, spatially resolved observations of CHD with ALMA will
enable the latitudinal distribution of methane to be determined, making this an
important molecule for further studies.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Do Neural Factors Underlie Age Differences in Rapid Ankle Torque Development?
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111232/1/j.1532-5415.1996.tb03737.x.pd
Abundance Measurements of Titan's Stratospheric HCN, HCN, CH, and CHCN from ALMA Observations
Previous investigations have employed more than 100 close observations of
Titan by the Cassini orbiter to elucidate connections between the production
and distribution of Titan's vast, organic-rich chemical inventory and its
atmospheric dynamics. However, as Titan transitions into northern summer, the
lack of incoming data from the Cassini orbiter presents a potential barrier to
the continued study of seasonal changes in Titan's atmosphere. In our previous
work (Thelen et al., 2018), we demonstrated that the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is well suited for measurements of
Titan's atmosphere in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere (~100-500 km)
through the use of spatially resolved (beam sizes <1'') flux calibration
observations of Titan. Here, we derive vertical abundance profiles of four of
Titan's trace atmospheric species from the same 3 independent spatial regions
across Titan's disk during the same epoch (2012 to 2015): HCN, HCN,
CH, and CHCN. We find that Titan's minor constituents exhibit large
latitudinal variations, with enhanced abundances at high latitudes compared to
equatorial measurements; this includes CHCN, which eluded previous
detection by Cassini in the stratosphere, and thus spatially resolved abundance
measurements were unattainable. Even over the short 3-year period, vertical
profiles and integrated emission maps of these molecules allow us to observe
temporal changes in Titan's atmospheric circulation during northern spring. Our
derived abundance profiles are comparable to contemporary measurements from
Cassini infrared observations, and we find additional evidence for subsidence
of enriched air onto Titan's south pole during this time period. Continued
observations of Titan with ALMA beyond the summer solstice will enable further
study of how Titan's atmospheric composition and dynamics respond to seasonal
changes.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Icarus,
September 201
The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope, VIII: The MIRI Focal Plane System
We describe the layout and unique features of the focal plane system for
MIRI. We begin with the detector array and its readout integrated circuit
(combining the amplifier unit cells and the multiplexer), the electronics, and
the steps by which the data collection is controlled and the output signals are
digitized and delivered to the JWST spacecraft electronics system. We then
discuss the operation of this MIRI data system, including detector readout
patterns, operation of subarrays, and data formats. Finally, we summarize the
performance of the system, including remaining anomalies that need to be
corrected in the data pipeline
A life in progress: motion and emotion in the autobiography of Robert M. La Follette
This article is a study of a La Folletteâs Autobiography, the autobiography of the leading Wisconsin progressive Robert M. La Follette, which was published serially in 1911 and, in book form, in 1913. Rather than focusing, as have other historians, on which parts of La Folletteâs account are accurate and can therefore be trusted, it explains instead why and how this major autobiography was conceived and written. The article shows that the autobiography was the product of a sustained, complex, and often fraught series of collaborations among La Folletteâs family, friends, and political allies, and in the process illuminates the importance of affective ties as well as political ambition and commitment in bringing the project to fruition. In the world of progressive reform, it argues, personal and political experiences were inseparable
A comparative framework: how broadly applicable is a 'rigorous' critical junctures framework?
The paper tests Hogan and Doyle's (2007, 2008) framework for examining critical junctures. This framework sought to incorporate the concept of ideational change in understanding critical junctures. Until its development, frameworks utilized in identifying critical junctures were subjective, seeking only to identify crisis, and subsequent policy changes, arguing that one invariably led to the other, as both occurred around the same time. Hogan and Doyle (2007, 2008) hypothesized ideational change as an intermediating variable in their framework, determining if, and when, a crisis leads to radical policy change. Here we test this framework on cases similar to, but different from, those employed in developing the exemplar. This will enable us determine whether the framework's relegation of ideational change to a condition of crisis holds, or, if ideational change has more importance than is ascribed to it by this framework. This will also enable us determined if the framework itself is robust, and fit for the purposes it was designed to perform â identifying the nature of policy change
Muscle Fatigue Analysis Using OpenSim
In this research, attempts are made to conduct concrete muscle fatigue
analysis of arbitrary motions on OpenSim, a digital human modeling platform. A
plug-in is written on the base of a muscle fatigue model, which makes it
possible to calculate the decline of force-output capability of each muscle
along time. The plug-in is tested on a three-dimensional, 29 degree-of-freedom
human model. Motion data is obtained by motion capturing during an arbitrary
running at a speed of 3.96 m/s. Ten muscles are selected for concrete analysis.
As a result, the force-output capability of these muscles reduced to 60%-70%
after 10 minutes' running, on a general basis. Erector spinae, which loses
39.2% of its maximal capability, is found to be more fatigue-exposed than the
others. The influence of subject attributes (fatigability) is evaluated and
discussed
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