Tourism Potential in Andaman and Nicobar Islands: A Case Study of Ross Island

India is one of the mostly preferred destinations for international tourists. Tourism is a very promising industry in India. India is a country with a large number of tourist spots and attractive features. India is a country known for its culture, heritage, history and natural resources. All the states and union territories have a good number of locations catering to the domestic and international tourists. The Union Territory of Andaman  Islands has been Blessed with a lot of Resources by the Nature. These resources are yet to be economically exploited fully. Tourism is the only scope of these Islands since the other sectors do not record much growth and development due to various reasons. But the Tourism has recorded a mark able growth though it requires efficient management with the Planning, Organizing, staffing, Controlling, Communicating, Budgeting and Coordinating and with the suitable Tourism Policy. Tourism has excellent scope in these islands if it is properly managed. The Tourism will attract more tourists in to these islands and also be able to contribute more to the economic development of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. For the present research purpose Ross Island is the case study use as tourism potential in Andaman and Nicobar Islands

VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF BISOPROLOL FROM ITS BULK AND TABLET FORMULATION

The proposed method is new, simple, sensitive, reproducible, economical, accurate and precise and can be successfully applied in estimation of bisoprolol. This method can find applications in clinical studies and therapeutic drug monitoring. This method of colorimetric estimation of bisoprolol is based on the formation of blue colored chromogen when reacted with ferric chloride and pottasium ferricynide. The concentration of bisoprolol over range of  1- 13 micro g/ml was found to obey Beer's law in the stated range. The blue colored complex has absorption maxmia at 770 nm with molar absorptivity and sandell's 2.2387 x 104 lit mol-1 cm-1 and0.0154 micro g/cm2/0.001 absorbance units, reproducible, specific, and the reagent was not found to react with the soluble matters of the body fluids. The results analysis were validated as per ICH Q2B guidelines.Keywords: Bisoprolol, visible spectroscopy, validatio

Design, development and performance study of six-gap glass MRPC detectors

The Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) are gas ionization detectors with multiple gas sub-gaps made of resistive electrodes. The high voltage (HV) is applied on the outer surfaces of outermost resistive plates only, while the interior plates are left electrically floating. The presence of multiple narrow sub--gaps with high electric field results in faster signals on the outer electrodes, thus improving the detector's time resolution. Due to their excellent performance and relatively low cost, the MRPC detector has found potential application in Time-of-Flight (TOF) systems. Here we present the design, fabrication, optimization of the operating parameters such as the HV, the gas mixture composition, and, performance of six--gap glass MRPC detectors of area 27cm $\times$ 27 cm, which are developed in order to find application as trigger detectors, in TOF measurement etc. The design has been optimized with unique spacers and blockers to ensure a proper gas flow through the narrow sub-gaps, which are 250 $\mu$m wide. The gas mixture consisting of R134A, Isobutane and SF$_{6}$, and the fraction of each constituting gases has been optimized after studying the MRPC performance for a set of different concentrations. The counting efficiency of the MRPC is about 95% at $17.9$ kV. At the same operating voltage, the time resolution, after correcting for the walk effect, is found to be about $219$ ps.Comment: Revised version with 15 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal

Hall effect in cobalt-doped TiO2−δ_{2-\delta}

We report Hall effect measurements on thin films of cobalt-doped TiO$_{2-\delta}$. Films with low carrier concentrations (10$^{18}$ - 10$^{19}$) yield a linear behavior in the Hall data while those having higher carrier concentrations (10$^{21}$ - 10$^{22}$) display anomalous behavior near zero field. In the entire range of carrier concentration, n-type conduction is observed. The appearance of the anomalous behavior is accompanied by a possible structural change from rutile TiO$_{2}$ to Ti_[n}O$_{2n-1}$ Magneli phase(s)

Immunoadjuvant potential of Azadirachta indica, Butea frondosa and Ficus religiosa against Swine flu vaccine antigen

Introduction: In general, primary or secondary metabolites derived from medicinal plant products might be responsible for stimulating or suppressing the immune system against specific protein antigens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant potential of aqueous leaves extract of Azadirachta indica, Butea frondosa and Ficus religiosa against Swine flu vaccine antigen.Methods: In this study, our group evaluated the antibody (IgG) titre of Swine flu vaccine antigen (2 μg/mL) using variable doses (0.625–5 mg) of aqueous leaves extract of A. indica, B. frondosa and F. religiosa. In addition, Swiss mice were immunized subcutaneously (100 μL) on day 0 with Swine flu vaccine antigen (1:1000 dilution). Splenocytes were collected on day 7 and cultured with variable doses of aqueous leaves extract of A. indica, B. frondosa and F. religiosa pertaining to determine the total cellular content and splenocyte proliferation (Swine flu vaccine; Ovalbumin, OVA and Con A) assay. In addition, estimation of Th1 (IFN-gamma and TNF alpha) cytokines in cell culture supernatant containing swine flu vaccine antigen along with aqueous leaves extract were measured.Results: Aqueous leaves extract of A. indica, B. frondosa and F. religiosa showed anti-Swine flu titre at higher doses. In ex vivo animal model studies these three medicinal plants in the form of aqueous leaves extract enhanced total cellular content at higher doses but increased in splenocyte proliferation (Swine flu vaccine, OVA and Con A) assay at lower doses. Similarly, there was enhancement in Th1 cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF alpha) with respect to swine flu vaccine antigen containing aqueous extract at lower doses as compared to control group.Conclusion: Aqueous leaves extract of A. indica, B. frondosa and F. religiosa showed adjuvant activity against Swine flu vaccine antigen and might be used in manufacturing active adjuvant for vaccine antigen

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Benzoic Acid

Hydrogenation of benzoic acid using mono- and bimetallic catalyst of Ru, Pd, Co, and Re yielded different products. It was observed that 5% Ru/C was an active catalyst for hydrogenation of both aromatic ring and carboxylic group, while Pd/C catalyst hydrogenated only aromatic ring. Ru-Sn/Al2O3 is a chemoselective catalyst for hydrogenation of –COOH group of benzoic acid

SYNTHESIS AND DOCKING STUDIES OF 2-(NITROOXY)-ETHYL-2-(SUBSTITUTED-2,5-DIPHENYL-OXAZOLE)-ACETATE AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS WITH ANALGESIC AND NITRIC OXIDE RELEASING PROPERTIES

Objective: The objective of the reported study was to develop new chemical entities as potential anti-inflammatory agents with analgesic and nitric oxide releasing properties.Methods: The compounds were designed with the help of docking studies. In the synthetic study the target compounds were obtained by reacting 2-(substituted-2,5-diphenyl-oxazole)-acetic acid (2a-2v) with nitro-oxy ethyl bromide in the presence of dimethyl formamide and potassium carbonate to give 2-(nitrooxy) ethyl 2-(substituted-2,5-diphenyl-oxazole) acetate derivatives (3a-3v). The synthesized derivatives were characterized with the help of different analytical techniques and further evaluated for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and nitric oxide releasing activity.Results: With the help of docking study it was proven that compounds 3a, 3c, 3g, 3l and 3r showed significant G-score. In the anti-inflammatory and analgesic study also, compounds 3a, 3c, 3g, 3l and 3r exhibited promising activity. All the synthesized compounds exhibited significant nitric oxide releasing properties both in-vitro and in-vivo. Conclusion: Compounds 3a, 3c, 3g, 3l and 3r exhibited prominent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.Â

Influence of Glomus Species and Soil Phosphorous on Verticillium Wilt in Bt Cotton

Amendment of single superphosphate to the soil was done at 20mg /kg and 300mg /kg. After that soil was treated with different treatments like a) Verticillium dahliae, b) Glomus species, c) both Verticillium and Glomus species d) None of Glomus species and Verticillium. The Verticillium wilt was more severe in plants infected with Glomus species than non-mycorrhizal plants fertigated at 20mg P / kg of soil. However, in plants fertigated with 300mg P / kg of soil, Verticillium wilt was equally severe in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. More propagules of V. dahliae were found in the plants fertigated with 20mg P / kg of soil, in petioles of mycorrhizal plants than that of non-mycorrhizal plants. The plants fertigated with 300mg P / kg of soil reported maximum number of propagules of V. dahliae were not significantly different in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants.  It was found that infection of V. dahliae in Bt cotton by Glomus species was not affected in plants fertigated with 20mg P / kg of soil.  The infection was inhibited by phosphorous and further by V. dahliae in plants fertigated with 300mg P / kg of soil.  The concentrations of phosphorous in the leaves of the treated plants were found similar to the treated mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants fertigated with 20mg P / kg of soil. The plants infected with V. dahliae alone were found lower than the plants infected with both V. dahliae and Glomus species