Anàlisi dels aspectes socials de la caça a Mallorca: distribució territorial, anàlisi per edats i gèneres, tipologies de llicències i comparatives

[cat] L’activitat cinegètica constitueix un dels principals moviments que vertebren el medi rural de les Illes Balears. A partir de la informació facilitada pel Servei de Caça del Consell de Mallorca s’avalua el ressò social del col·lectiu venatori, indicador bàsic per determinar qüestions relaciones amb el potencial de gestió dels espais cinegètics o per avaluar l’impacte econòmic de l’activitat, entre d’altres. S'analitza la distribució, l'edat, el gènere i les modalitats que practiquen les persones titulars de llicències de caça a Mallorca. En un marc socioeconòmic hipertrofitzat pel sector terciari i territorialment limitat, s'observa com la caça persisteix amb força a la majoria de municipis amb emergència de les pràctiques tradicionals i el turisme cinegètic. La manca de relleu generacional, els efectes de la crisi econòmica i la introgressió d’usos urbans són alguns dels factors limitants. Així mateix, la variable gènere marca diferències essencials entre la caça i altres activitats de lleure atesa l’escassa presència de la dona.[eng] The hunting activity is one of the main movements that structure the rural environment of the Balearic Islands. From the information provided by the Hunting Service of the Mallorcan Council the following are assessed among others: the social impact of the hunting collective, basic indicator to determine potential issues related to the management of hunting areas or to evaluate the economic impact of the activity. It analyzes the distribution, age, gender and types of people who practice hunting license holders of Mallorca. A geographically limited framework with a socioeconomical environment based on the tertiary sector, shows how hunting strongly persists in most municipalities with emergence of practices traditional hunting and cynegetic tourism. The lack of generational change, the effects of the economic crisis and the introgression of urban uses are some of the limiting factors. Also, gender marks an essential difference between hunting and other recreational activities given the limited presence of women

Les Coves de Santa Maira (Castell de Castells, La Marina Alta-Alacant):

Es presenta una descripció preliminar de la seqüència arqueològica de les Coves de Santa Maira (Castell de Castells). Els conjunts arqueològics i les datacions C 14 obtingudes indiquen que la cavitat registra ocupacions humanes estratificades entre el XIV i el VI mil·lenni BP, amb materials arqueològics que poden ser relacionats amb el magdalenià superior, epipaleolític sauvaterrià, mesolític i neolític II. Des d’aquest moment la cavitat es va fer servir, bàsicament, de corral per al tancament de ramat domèstic. Paraules clau: Cova. Magdalenià. Epipaleolític. Mesolític. Neolític. Marina Alta (Alacant).A preliminary description of the archaeological sequence of Les Coves de Santa Maira (Castell de Castells) is offered. Archaeological assemblies and obtained C 14 datings indicate that the cavity registers stratified human occupations between 14th and 6th millenium BP, with archaeological record that can be related to the Upper Magdalenian, Sauveterroid Epipaleolithic Period, Mesolithic and Neolithic II. Since this moment the cavity had a function, basically, of corral for the closing of domestic cattle. Key Words: Cave. Magdalenian. Epipaleolithic. Mesolithic. Neolithic. Marina Alta (province of Alicante).Se ofrece una descripción preliminar de la secuencia arqueológica de las Coves de Santa Maira (Castell de Castells). Los conjuntos arqueológicos y las dataciones C 14 obtenidas indican que la cavidad registra ocupaciones humanas estratificadas entre el XIVº y VIº milenio BP, con materiales arqueológicos que pueden ser relacionados con el Magdaleniense superior, Epipaleolítico sauveterroide, Mesolítico y Neolítico II. A partir de este momento la cavidad tuvo una función, básicamente, de corral para el cierre del ganado doméstico. Palabras Clave: Cueva. Magdaleniense. Epipaleolítico. Mesolítico. Neolítico. Marina Alta (Alicante)

Effectiveness of the use of patagial wing tags for griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) in Spain

Efectivitat de l’ús de marques alars patagials en el marcatge del voltor comú (Gyps fulvus) a Espanya Es descriu el disseny de marques alars patagials de lectura dorsoventral d’alta durabilitat per al marcatge i el seguiment d’exemplars de voltor comú Gyps fulvus. Amb aquest objectiu es van marcar ocells aclimatats dins del Projecte Canyet de recuperació del voltor comú com a espècie nidificant al Parc Natural de la Serra de Mariola (Comunitat Valenciana). Un total de 193 voltors van ser marcats en el període 2000-2015 en el punt de mostreig i 43 individus van ser recapturats, amb un valor mitjà de 1.362 dies (SD ± 543,78). De la mateixa manera, es va pesar la meitat de la mostra d’individus capturats (n = 20), els quals van presentar un valor mitjà de 9,11 kg (SD ± 1,14). També es va mesurar l’àrea de les perforacions cicatritzades, la superfície mitjana de les quals va ser de 85,38 mm2 (SD ± 28,61). Les marques alars van proporcionar resultats molt satisfactoris, que permeten aprofundir en els patrons de comportament interespecífic, així com en els moviments de nomadisme. S’ha constatat que el disseny final d’aquestes marques és adequat atès que la identificació a distància és bona i la incidència negativa en els individus és molt reduïda. A més a més, aquest sistema permet la diferenciació d’individus amb una freqüència elevada. S’ha constatat així mateix que aquest dispositiu no interfereix en les etapes vitals de l’espècie i que, adaptant-lo convenientment a escala, resultaria factible per a altres espècies ornítiques.Efectividad del empleo de marcas alares patagiales en el marcaje de buitre leonado (Gyps fulvus) en España Se describe el diseño de marcas alares patagiales de lectura dorsoventral de alta durabilidad para el marcaje y seguimiento de ejemplares de buitre leonado Gyps fulvus. Para ello se marcaron aves aclimatadas dentro del Proyecto Canyet de recuperación del buitre leonado como especie nidificante en el Parque Natural de la Sierra de Mariola (Comunidad Valenciana). Un total de 193 buitres fueron marcados en el período 2000-2015 en el punto de muestreo y 43 individuos fueron recapturados, con un valor medio de 1.362 días (SD ± 543,78). Del mismo modo, se pesó a la mitad de la muestra de individuos capturados (n = 20), siendo el valor promedio de 9,11 kg (SD ± 1,14). Se midió asimismo el área de las perforaciones cicatrizadas, siendo la superficie media de perforación de 85,38 mm2 (SD ± 28,61). Las marcas alares proporcionaron resultados muy satisfactorios, que permiten profundizar en los patrones de comportamiento interespecífico, así como en los movimientos de nomadismo. Se ha constatado que el diseño final de estas marcas es adecuado, ya que su identificación a distancia es buena y la incidencia negativa en los individuos es muy reducida. Además, este sistema permite la diferenciación de individuos con una elevada frecuencia. Del mismo modo, se ha constatado que este dispositivo no interfiere en las etapas vitales de la especie y que, adaptándolo convenientemente a escala, resultaría factible para otras especies orníticas.We describe the design of patagial wing tags with highly durable lateral readings for marking and tracking griffon vultures Gyps fulvus. Acclimatized birds were tagged within Projecte Canyet for the recovery of the griffon vulture as a nesting species in the Sierra de Mariola Natural Park (Valencia Region). A total of 193 vultures were tagged at the sampling point between 2000 and 2015. Forty-three individuals were recaptured within an average of 1,362 days (SD ± 543.78). Half the sample of captured individuals was weighed (n = 20) and the average was 9.11 kg (SD ± 1.14). The area of the scarred perforations was measured, and the mean perforation size was 85.38 mm2 (SD ± 28.61). Wing tags provided highly satisfactory results and enabled a deeper understanding of the patterns of interspecific behaviour and nomadic movements. The design of the tags was satisfactory because it facilitated identification of individuals at a distance. The negative impact on individuals was low and the device did not interfere in the vital life stages of the species. We suggest the model could be useful for other bird species if adapted to size

Induction of androgenesis and production of haploid embryos in anther cultures of borage (Borago officinalis L.)

[EN] Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is an important medicinal plant with different culinary, pharmaceutical and industrial properties. Unfortunately, there are no published reports on the establishment of protocols to produce DHs in this species up to now. In this work, we show for the first time the induction of borage microspores to become embryogenic calli, from which haploid embryos are produced. In addition, we evaluated the effect of using different flower bud sizes, carbon sources, concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP, cold (4 A degrees C) pretreatments and heat shock treatments. Production of total calli, embryogenic calli and callus-derived embryos was differently affected by the different parameters studied. Our results showed that the use of 5-7 mm-long flower buds, a cold (4 A degrees C) pretreatment during 4 days, a 32 A degrees C heat shock for 3 days, and the addition of 3 % maltose and 2 mgl(-1) 2,4-D and 1 mgl(-1) BAP to the culture medium, was beneficial for embryo production. Overall, this work demonstrates that DH technology is possible in borage, and opens the door for future improvements needed to finally obtain borage DH plants.Eshaghi, ZC.; Abdollahi, MR.; Moosavi, SS.; Deljou, A.; Seguí-Simarro, JM. (2015). Induction of androgenesis and production of haploid embryos in anther cultures of borage (Borago officinalis L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 122:321-329. doi:10.1007/s11240-015-0768-5S321329122Abdollahi MR, Moieni A, Javaran MJ (2004) Interactive effects of shock and culture density on embryo induction in isolated microspore culture of Brassica napus L. cv. Global Iranian J Biotech 2:97–100Bohanec B, Neskovic M, Vujicic R (1993) Anther culture and androgenetic plant regeneration in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 35:259–266Calleberg E, Johansson L (1996) Effect of gelling agents on anther cultures. In: Jain SM, Sopory SK, Veilleux RE (eds) In vitro haploid production in higher plants, vol 23. Springer, Netherlands, pp 189–203Custers JBM, Cordewener JHG, Nöllen Y, Dons JJ, van Lookeren-Campagne MM (1994) Temperature controls both gametophytic and sporophytic development in microspore cultures of Brassica napus. Plant Cell Rep 13:267–271Ferrie AMR (2013) Advances in microspore culture technology: a biotechnological tool for the improvement of medicinal plants. In: Chandra S et al (eds) Biotechnology for medicinal plants. Springer, Berlin, pp 191–206Ferrie AMR, Caswell KL (2011) Isolated microspore culture techniques and recent progress for haploid and doubled haploid plant production. 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In: Mazza G (ed) Functional foods, biochemical and processing aspects. Technomic Publ Co. Inc, Lancaster, pp 265–291Ozkum D, Tipirdamaz R (2002) The effects of cold treatment and charcoal on the in vitro androgenesis of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Turk J Bot 26:131–139Parra-Vega V, González-García B, Seguí-Simarro JM (2013a) Morphological markers to correlate bud and anther development with microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Acta Physiol Plant 35:627–633Parra-Vega V, Renau-Morata B, Sifres A, Seguí-Simarro JM (2013b) Stress treatments and in vitro culture conditions influence microspore embryogenesis and growth of callus from anther walls of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 112:353–360Raquin C (1983) Utilization of different sugars as carbon sources for in vitro cultures of Petuina. 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Archon Books, Hamden, CTSkrzypek E, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Marcińska I, Wędzony M (2008) Prospects of androgenetic induction in Lupinus spp. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 94(2):131–137Snape JW (1989) Doubled haploid breeding: theoretical basis and practical applications. In: Mujeeb-Kazi A, Sitch LA (eds) Review of advances in plant biotechnology, 1985–1988: 2nd international symposium genetic manipulation in crops. Mexico and Manila, CIMMYT and IRRI, pp 19–30Tipirdamaz R, Ellialtioğlu Ş (1998) The effects of cold treatments and activated charcoal on ABA contents of anthers and in vitro androgenesis in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). In: Tsekos I, Moustakas M (eds) Progress in botanical research, Proceedings of the 1st Balkan botanical congress. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The NetherlandsVagera J, Havranek P (1985) In vitro induction of androgenesis in Capsicum annuum L. and its genetic aspests. 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Hologrphy and holographic dark energy model

The holographic principle is used to discuss the holographic dark energy model. We find that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy bound is far from saturation under certain conditions. A more general constraint on the parameter of the holographic dark energy model is also derived.Comment: no figures, use revtex, v2: use iop style, some typos corrected and references updated, will appear in CQ

Prescription refill, patient self-report and physician report in assessing adherence to oral endocrine therapy in early breast cancer patients: a restrospective cohort study in Catalonia, Spain.

AIMS: To compare different methods in order to assess adherence and persistence with oral endocrine therapy in women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) in Catalonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study covered all women newly diagnosed with stage I, II or IIIa BC and positive hormone receptors at six hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) in 2004. Adherence was assessed on the basis of physician report and patient self-report using a telephone questionnaire. Persistence was measured by refill prescriptions. We used the Kappa index to compare adherence measures and logistic regression to evaluate adherence-related risk factors. RESULTS: The study covered a total of 692 women. Adherence ranged from 92% (self-report) to 94.7% (physician report), depending on the measure used; persistence was 74.7% at 5 years of follow-up. Low concordance between measures was observed (Kappa range: 0.018-0.267). Patients aged 50-74 years showed higher adherence than those aged <50 years. Adherence was also associated with: adjuvant chemotherapy and sequential hormonal therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Concordance between the different measures was remarkably low, indicating the need for further research. Adherence is an issue in the management of BC patients taking oral drugs, and should be assessed in clinical practice

Effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle promotion program as adjunctive teletherapy for treatment-resistant major depression during COVID 19 pandemic: A randomized clinical trial protocol

INTRODUCTION: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has a high prevalence and can be exacerbated by poor physical health and economic hardships, which have become common stressors during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The therapeutic approaches used to treat these patients are not always available, may be not be accepted by some patients, and often require face-to-face interactions. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study will be to evaluate the effectiveness of an Internet-based adjuvant lifestyle-based intervention for patients with TRD. METHODS: This will be a parallel, randomized, and controlled clinical trial. A total of 180 patients with TRD will be randomly allocated (1:1:1) to 1 of 3 groups: treatment prescribed by the mental health team and written suggestions for lifestyle changes (placebo control group); treatment prescribed by the mental health team, written suggestions for lifestyle changes, and an 8-week mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program (active control group); or treatment prescribed by the mental health team, written suggestions for lifestyle changes, and an 8-week lifestyle change promotion program (intervention group). We will perform this study during the COVID-19 pandemic, and will administer interventions by teletherapy, and contact participants by telephone calls, text messages, and/or teleconferences. We will collect patient data using questionnaires administered at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and after 6 and 12 months. The primary outcome will be score on the Beck Depression Inventory-II. The secondary outcomes will be score on the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (used to quantify and track patient progress and treatment response over time) and health-related quality of life measured using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions Questionnaire. DISCUSSION: Patients with TRD are especially vulnerable when face-to-face psychotherapy is unavailable. The main strength of the proposed study is the novelty of the intervention to be used as an adjuvant therapy. Our results may provide guidance for treatment of patients with TRD in future situations that require lockdown measures. CLINICALTRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04428099

No association between germline allele-specific expression of TGFBR1 and colorectal cancer risk in Caucasian and Ashkenazi populations

Background: germline allele-specific expression (ASE) of the TGFBR1 gene has been reported as a strong risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) with an odds ratio close to 9. Considering the potential implications of the finding, we undertook the task of validating the initial results in this study. Methods: allele-specific expression was measured using the highly quantitative and robust technique of pyrosequencing. Individuals from two different populations were studied, one Caucasian-dominated and the other of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, with different sources of non-tumoral genetic material in each. Results: our results showed no statistically significant differences in the degree of ASE between CRC patients and controls, considering ASE as either a quantitative or a binary trait. Using defined cutoff values to categorise ASE, 1.0% of blood lymphocytes from informative Israeli cases (total n=96) were ASE positive (median 1.00; range 0.76-1.31) and 2.2% of informative matched controls (total n=90) were ASE positive (median 1.00; range 0.76-1.87). Likewise, normal mucosae from Spanish patients (median 1.03; range: 0.68-1.43; n=75) did not show significant differences in the degree of ASE when compared with the Israeli patients or controls. Conclusions: taken together, these results suggest that ASE of TGFBR1 does not confer an increased risk of CRC

Germline Mutations in FAN1 Cause Hereditary Colorectal Cancer by Impairing DNA Repair

Identification of genes associated with hereditary cancers facilitates management of patients with family histories of cancer. We performed exome sequencing of DNA from 3 individuals from a family with colorectal cancer who met the Amsterdam criteria for risk of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. These individuals had mismatch repair-proficient tumors and each carried nonsense variant in the FANCD2/FANCI-associated nuclease 1 gene (FAN1), which encodes a nuclease involved in DNA inter-strand cross-link repair. We sequenced FAN1 in 176 additional families with histories of colorectal cancer and performed in vitro functional analyses of the mutant forms of FAN1 identified. We detected FAN1 mutations in approximately 3% of families who met the Amsterdam criteria and had mismatch repair-proficient cancers with no previously associated mutations. These findings link colorectal cancer predisposition to the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway, supporting the connection between genome integrity and cancer risk