Testing the multipole structure and conservative dynamics of compact binaries using gravitational wave observations: The spinning case

In an earlier work [S. Kastha et al., PRD {\bf 98}, 124033 (2018)], we developed the {\it parametrized multipolar gravitational wave phasing formula} to test general relativity, for the non-spinning compact binaries in quasi-circular orbit. In this paper, we extend the method and include the important effect of spins in the inspiral dynamics. Furthermore, we consider parametric scaling of PN coefficients of the conserved energy for the compact binary, resulting in the parametrized phasing formula for non-precessing spinning compact binaries in quasi-circular orbit. We also compute the projected accuracies with which the second and third generation ground-based gravitational wave detector networks as well as the planned space-based detector LISA will be able to measure the multipole deformation parameters and the binding energy parameters. Based on different source configurations, we find that a network of third-generation detectors would have comparable ability to that of LISA in constraining the conservative and dissipative dynamics of the compact binary systems. This parametrized multipolar waveform would be extremely useful not only in deriving the first upper limits on any deviations of the multipole and the binding energy coefficients from general relativity using the gravitational wave detections, but also for science case studies of next generation gravitational wave detectors.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, Mathematica readable supplemental material file for all the inputs to calculate the parametrized waveform is with the sourc

Multiparameter tests of general relativity using multiband gravitational-wave observations

In this Letter we show that multiband observations of stellar-mass binary black holes by the next generation of ground-based observatories (3G) and the space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) would facilitate a comprehensive test of general relativity by simultaneously measuring all the post-Newtonian (PN) coefficients. Multiband observations would measure most of the known PN phasing coefficients to an accuracy below a few percent---two orders-of-magnitude better than the best bounds achievable from even `golden' binaries in the 3G or LISA bands. Such multiparameter bounds would play a pivotal role in constraining the parameter space of modified theories of gravity beyond general relativity.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures. v3: version published in PR

In Silico Vaccine Design for Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Clumping Factor A (ClfA)

Staphylococcus aureus a facultative anaerobic multidrug-resistant bacterium can cause a range of illnesses, from minor skin infections, such as pimples, boils, impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome, and abscesses and life-threatening diseases such as meningitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome. Pathogenic strains often promote infections by producing virulence factors and the expression of cell-surface proteins that bind and inactivate antibodies. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus such as methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a worldwide problem in clinical medicine. In spite of immense research and development, not much progress has been made with regard to an epitope based vaccine and till date there is no approved vaccine for S. aureus. This study aims to analyze and predict the possibility of designing a vaccine that could make humans immune to S. aureus. The surface protein ClfA is highly antigenic among the virulence factors of S. aureus which act as an adhesin often essential for infection was collected from a protein database and in silico tools were used to predict the T-cell epitopes by NetCTL 1.2 and B-cell epitopes by Bepipred from IEDB (Immune Epitope Database). Further, MHC Class I and Class II binding peptides were predicted using TepiTool from IEDB analysis resource. The peptide KPNTDSNAL was found as the most potential B-cell and T-cell epitope. The epitope was further tested for binding against the HLA molecule by computational docking techniques to verify the HLA and epitope interaction. However, the in silico designed epitope-based peptide vaccine against S. aureus need to be validated by in vitro and in vivo experiments

PRELIMINARY ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SAINDHAVADYA GHRUTA

Ghruta is considered best among the Snehas. Its usage is being highlighted by our Acharyas in the disorders of brain like Unmada, Apasmara etc. This study focuses on one such preparation Saindhayadya ghruta mentioned in Yogaratnaka Apasmara chikitsa. Literary review done through various sources like books, journals and internet revealed that, no studies have been carried out on this formulation yet. Hence an attempt was made to study Saindhayadya ghruta through qualitative and quantitative analysis of Physico-chemical parameters and to develop fingerprints of High-Performance Thin Layer chromatography study (HPTLC). HPTLC densitometric scan of chloroform extract of unsaponifiable matter of Saindhvadhya Ghruta showed 9 and 6 spots at 254nm and 366nm respectively. To interpret the results, there are no previous standard markers established for Saindhavadya ghruta. This analytical profile may help in the identification of Saindhavadya ghruta in future and to maintain the standard quality of the formulation

Seasonal variation in yield and yield contributing characters of selected cocoa clones

Cocoa, the only source of chocolate, is divided into three groups viz. Forastero, Criollo and Trinitario. This study was taken up to gauge the performance of 12 years old cocoa clones of three types. Among these, Forastero was found to perform well under tropical conditions in all three seasons. The performance of Forastero was unrivaled with pod weight 429.95 g and wet bean weight 117.79 g. All three varieties performed well under post-monsoon season exploiting advantages of monsoon. When correlated with weather, it was observed that number of rainy days, rainfall and relative humidity had a negative correlation with number of pods, whereas mean sunshine hours had a positive correlation with pod weight, wet bean weight, and TSS. In order to comprehend the significance of weather parameters, canonical correlation was estimated. The high value indicated that all the weather parameters influenced the characters to a great extent. Rainfall, temperature and relative humidity were the three climatic factors influencing the yield parameters. High R2 value obtained in prediction model suggested that it could be efficiently used in the prediction of yield and yield contributing characters of cocoa. &nbsp

Tests of general relativity using multiband observations of intermediate mass binary black hole mergers

Observation of gravitational waves (GWs) in two different frequency bands is referred to as {\it multiband GW astronomy}. With the planned Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA) operating in the $10^{-4}-0.1$ Hz range, and third generation (3G) ground-based detectors such as the Cosmic Explorer (CE) and Einstein Telescope (ET), operating in the $1$--$10^4$ Hz range, multiband GW astronomy could be a reality in about a decade. In this paper we present the potential of multiband observations of intermediate mass binary black holes (IMBBHs) of component masses ${\sim}10^2$--$10^3M_{\odot}$ to test general relativity (GR). We show that mutiband observations of IMBBHs would permit multiparameter tests of GR---tests where more than one post-Newtonian (PN) coefficient is simultaneously measured yielding more rigorous constraints on possible modifications to GR. We also find that the improvement due to multibanding can often be much larger than the best of the bounds from either of the two observatories. The origin of this result, as we shall demonstrate, can be traced to the lifting of degeneracies among the various parameters when the information from LISA and 3G are taken together. We obtain the best multiband bounds for an IMBBH with a total redshifted mass of $200M_{\odot}$ and a mass ratio of 2. For single-parameter tests, this system at 1 Gpc would allow us to constrain the deviations on all the PN coefficients to below 10\% and derive simultaneous bounds on the first seven PN coefficients to below 50\% (with low spins).Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Electricity from Nuclear power: Is it a solution to Greenhouse gas emissions in India

If asked, what is the relation between climate change, intense weather and health - probably the answer would be a straight line relation among the three. The earth is getting warmer day by day and global warming has become a major concern in the past few decades. Various research work is going on but so much of carbon dioxide has already been poured into the atmosphere, so that the technology improvement to reduce the Greenhouse gas emissions is the only solution. This study includes (a) the present scenario of nuclear power plant in India(b) electricity generated from different sources of energy and(c) its adverse effects on the global climate change. This study also includes the critical analysis of coal based thermal power plant because the fossil fuels are dominating in the power sector which is not recommended for the sustainable development of the country. The data concludes that Nuclear energy based power plant is the best option since emission can be minimized up to 7 times and also with respect to the amount of electricity generated and resources used. 90% share of each greenhouse gas is from coal based power plant and only 10% from nuclear based power plant

PERCEPTION AND USAGE OF HEALTH INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES AMONG THE URBAN COMMUNITY USERS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES: A CASE STUDY OF BHADRAVATHI

The study examined the perception and usage of health information sources and services by the urban community users of public libraries. The study investigated 110 users from two public libraries in Bhadravathi. Findings revealed that majority of the users not enrolling library membership. 44.54% of users were visit library daily and large numbers of respondents were get health information through newspaper followed by television, advertisements and pamphlet/brochures. Education and sports were the most frequently preferred topics by the users. Arogya column published by Prajavani Kannada newspaper was most preferred newspaper column for getting health information by the users followed by VK Health column published by Vijaya Karnataka was stood in 2nd position to get health information by the users. Most of the users preferred Sudha, Gruhashobha and Taranga magazines to get health information. Stimulatingly, large number of the users frequently listen health related programs in Radio. The study also revealed that most of the users were aware about H1N1, DPT, Polio, BCG, TT, AIDS Control, 108 Arogya Kavacha, Malaria Cholera Dengue, Family Planning, Chicken Gunya district health programs of Karnataka state

Primary Hepatic Leiomyosarcoma Report of a rare case with review of literature

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor with a dismal prognosis and difficulty in diagnosis. We present a 36-year-old female who presented with complaints of pain in right hypochondrium and epigastric region. Real-time ultrasonography revealed an enlarged liver with multiple hypoechoic lesions of varying sizes in both the lobes of the liver. USG guided core biopsy from the lesion showed an infiltrating malignant spindle cell neoplasm positive for smooth muscle actin and caldesmon-H confirming the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. It is vital to diagnose these lesions even on limited biopsies as early diagnosis can reduce hospital and operative morbidity and mortality rates in the patients

Save cells before tooth replantation: A review

Avulsion is one of the most complex traumatic injury affecting both teeth and children. Avulsed teeth can be replanted. Treatment for avulsed teeth should include, pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) cell management to increase the survival rate of these teeth. If immediate replantation is not possible, the clonicity and progenicity of the viable PDL cells can be maintained with the aid of suitable storage medium at the place of trauma. The incorrect use of a storage medium leads to PDL cell necrosis eventually resulting in ankylosis and replacement resorption of the tooth root. Due to the importance of the storage media in long-term prognosis of the avulsed teeth, an informed choice of a media is essential for a favorable outcome. This review discusses available storage media and their unique features along with pros and cons of each medium