Cogeneration associated with cane sugar mills in Reunion

Sur l'île de la Réunion, les Compagnies thermiques de Bois-Rouge et du Gol ont mis en service deux centrales électriques utilisant comme combustibles le charbon et la bagasse, résidu fibreux du traitement de la canne à sucre dans les sucreries. Chaque centrale brûle dans des chaudières spécifiques la bagasse fournie par une sucrerie. Elle offre en échange l'électricité et la vapeur d'eau dont cette dernière a besoin, et produit également de l'électricité pour le réseau de l'île. Elle fonctionne sur le principe de la cogénération électrique, c'est-à-dire qu'elle fabrique de l'électricité par détentes successives de la vapeur d'eau à haute pression et températures élevées vers des basses pressions et une température faible. (Résumé d'auteur

Groping for Autonomy: The Federal Government and American Hospitals

This article chronicles the slow but steady emergence of countervailing power in the hospital industry since mid-century. The transformation of American health care policymaking reflects the federal government\u27s growing fiscal obligations as the single largest purchaser of health care. As John Kenneth Galbraith [1956,113] notes, Power on one side of a market creates both the need for, and the prospect of reward to, the exercise of countervailing power from the other side. The federal government\u27s effort to exercise countervailing power over health care providers shows no sign of abating in the future, for Medicare and Medicaid costs threaten the stability of the balanced budget agreement negotiated by the Clinton administration and the Republican leadership of the 105th Congress

Peter

Short stor

The New Quantum Logic

It is shown how all the major conceptual difficulties of standard (textbook) quantum mechanics, including the two measurement problems and the (supposed) nonlocality that conflicts with special relativity, are resolved in the consistent or decoherent histories interpretation of quantum mechanics by using a modified form of quantum logic to discuss quantum properties (subspaces of the quantum Hilbert space), and treating quantum time development as a stochastic process. The histories approach in turn gives rise to some conceptual difficulties, in particular the correct choice of a framework (probabilistic sample space) or family of histories, and these are discussed. The central issue is that the principle of unicity, the idea that there is a unique single true description of the world, is incompatible with our current understanding of quantum mechanics.Comment: Minor changes and corrections to bring into conformity with published versio

Coordination and Conflict: The Persistent Relevance of Networks in International Financial Regulation

This thesis presents SiGe(C)/Si(C) multi quantum well (MQW) layers individually or in combination with Si(C) Schottky diodes as material structures to detect infrared (IR) radiation. The performance of devices was investigated in terms of SiGe/Si periodicity and quality of SiGe/Si interface. The structures were grown by chemical vapour deposition using GeH4 and SiH4 sources at 650 °C and processed into pixel arrays with sizes of 25×25, 100×100 and 200×200 μm2. The device response to thermal variations was expressed by temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and the signal-to-noise-ratio was evaluated by noise measurements. The strain relaxation in SiGe layers was investigated by implementing oxygen at the interface of SiGe/Si or during SiGe growth. A minor amount of 10 ppb oxygen at the interface can be detected by noise measurements while the material characterizations could reveal defects for significantly higher defect density. Oxygen and water contaminations should be accounted for in low temperature epitaxy (350-650 °C) of the layers. Furthermore, an empirical model was developed to describe the kinetics of the SiGe growth using Si2H6 and Ge2H6 as precursors at low temperature. The model takes into account the energy for dissociation of gas molecules, diffusion of the molecules from the gas boundaries toward the substrate and the incorporation of absorbed molecules. A good consistency was observed between the experimental and calculated data.QC 20150211</p

A Consistent Quantum Ontology

The (consistent or decoherent) histories interpretation provides a consistent realistic ontology for quantum mechanics, based on two main ideas. First, a logic (system of reasoning) is employed which is compatible with the Hilbert-space structure of quantum mechanics as understood by von Neumann: quantum properties and their negations correspond to subspaces and their orthogonal complements. It employs a special (single framework) syntactical rule to construct meaningful quantum expressions, quite different from the quantum logic of Birkhoff and von Neumann. Second, quantum time development is treated as an inherently stochastic process under all circumstances, not just when measurements take place. The time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation provides probabilities, not a deterministic time development of the world. The resulting interpretive framework has no measurement problem and can be used to analyze in quantum terms what is going on before, after, and during physical preparation and measurement processes. In particular, appropriate measurements can reveal quantum properties possessed by the measured system before the measurement took place. There are no mysterious superluminal influences: quantum systems satisfy an appropriate form of Einstein locality. This ontology provides a satisfactory foundation for quantum information theory, since it supplies definite answers as to what the information is about. The formalism of classical (Shannon) information theory applies without change in suitable quantum contexts, and this suggests the way in which quantum information theory extends beyond its classical counterpart.Comment: Very minor revisions to previous versio

Comparison of the mystery solution methods of Auguste Dupin and Sherlock Holmes

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University, 1936. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive