Ab-initio study of the bandgap engineering of Al(1-x)Ga(x)N for optoelectronic applications

A theoretical study of Al(1-x)Ga(x)N, based on full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method, is used to investigate the variations in the bandgap, optical properties and non-linear behavior of the compound with the variation of Ga concentration. It is found that the bandgap decreases with the increase of Ga in Al(1-x)Ga(x)N. A maximum value of 5.5 eV is determined for the bandgap of pure AlN which reaches to minimum value of 3.0 eV when Al is completely replaced by Ga. The static index of refraction and dielectric constant decreases with the increase in bandgap of the material, assigning a high index of refraction to pure GaN when compared to pure AlN. The refractive index drops below 1 for photon energies larger than 14 eV results group velocity of the incident radiation higher than the vacuum velocity of light. This astonishing result shows that at higher energies the optical properties of the material shifts from linear to non-linear. Furthermore, frequency dependent reflectivity and absorption coefficients show that peak value of the absorption coefficient and reflectivity shifts towards lower energy in the UV spectrum with the increase in Ga concentration. This comprehensive theoretical study of the optoelectronic properties of the alloys is presented for the first time which predicts that the material can be effectively used in the optical devices working in the visible and UV spectrum.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure

Pelaksanaan Pemberdayaan Ued-sp Bina Mandiri Serta Upaya Pengembalian Modal Pinjaman di Desa Teluk Lancar Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis Tahun 2011-2013

Community empowerment is an attempt to show the state or the results to be achieved by an empowered community of social change , have power or control in meeting the search , participate in social activities and independent in carrying out their needs whether physical , economic , and social as having confidence , as well as the expression of aspiration , has eyes the tasks of life . It would also require a supporting factor in terms of education , health and social culture . The purpose of this study was to determine the causes of the ineffectiveness of Rural Development Program in Business Economics - Village Savings and Loans ( UED - SP ) in the District of Bantan Current Teluk Bengkalis Year 2011-2013 . As for the background of this research is the ineffectiveness of the Village Empowerment Program in Current Bay Village this well . The large number of delinquent loans funds user community UED - SP , where Fluent BayVillage is the largest village arrears of Villages in the District Bantan Bengkalis.This study belongs to the type of qualitative research , using data collection techniques with in-depth interviews to respondents who have been assigned . Respondents were chosen consists of an element of empowerment programs and also from elements of the user community funds .Based on the research that has been done with the author , it can be seen that the lack of effectiveness in the implementation of rural development programs in DesaTeluk Current. Most of the program is running smoothly , but at the end of this program was limited to payback the loan or delinquent . Less stringent system in an effort to foreclosure of collateral that because many of the beneficiaries were relatives of staff UED - SP . Lack of partnership between the public administration , the system is too rigid , and the lack of programs that reflect the mutual cooperation in solving the problems of arrears . Beneficiaries have not been fully able to manage loan well .Keywords : empowerment , human resources and UED - SP Bina Mandiri

Rekrutmen Politik Partai Demokrat Tahun 2013 di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi

This study wanted to know why the cadres of other political parties chose to move to the Democratic Party and also want to know how the contribution generated by the new members recruited Branch Council of the Democratic Party Singingi Kuantan District. The background of this study is as a consequence of the Parliamentary system where the threshold for political parties that do not mecapai threshold numbers can no longer follow the next general election but to join another political party if you want to follow the next general election. So that three cadres namely the Patriot Party, National Party Indonesia Marhaneisme, and Ulema National Awakening Partys seat in the House of Representatives District Kuantan Singingi and intend to advance in the general election of 2014 had to resign from the previous political party to move to the Democratic Party. This study used qualitative methods are implemented in the Democratic Party Branch Council Kuantan Singingi, data obtained either directly or indirectly, which is then analyzed using descriptive data analysis techniques.Based on the results of research in the field with the fact - the fact that it appears that this happened because of political recruitment peer relationships among members of the House of Representatives District Singingi Kuantan is the chairman of the Democratic Party with the three members who were recruited from the other party. Then the recruitment is done in order to fill vacancies for qualified cadres can be nominated at the 2014 general election in order to win the fight seats in the House of Representatives District Singingi Kuantan. This is due to the impact of the dualism of the internal leadership of the Democratic Party so that there is a cadre who came out as opposed to the legitimate leadership or management. Then the contribution of recruitment of new members nominated at the last general election in 2014 the Democratic Party is able to maintain the number of seats in the House of Representatives Regency Kuantan Singingi and also an increase in the acquisition of significant noise experienced by the Democratic Party which in 2009 only gained 8798 votes, while in 2014 were able to obtain 16 191 voice or sound 94% increase. Thus meaning that the Democratic Party political recruitment success, despite internal conflicts within the party.Keywords : Rekruitmen Politic, Democratic Party District Kuantan Singing

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kepemilikan Akta Kelahiran di Desa Sumpu Kecamatan Hulu Kuantan Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi

Based on the data of Pusat Statistik Kuantan Singingi, from the year 2012-2014 there were 221 140 inhabitants the number of births, but only 114 671 inhabitants who take care of the birth certificate. Public awareness in possession of a birth certificate in the Desa Sumpu Kecamatan Hulu Kuantan Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Community considers that “birth certificate” is not an essential requirement in life.The problem in this research are; What are the Factors that Affect Birth Certificates in the Desa Sumpu Kecamatan Hulu Kuantan Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi ?. This type of research in this paper by using descriptive qualitative data collection techniques in research, among others; interviews, observation, literature study and documentation. Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data.Based on the results of research conducted that the first factor; public awareness of the importance of birth certificates for children ananya along with their birth certificates will are conducive ditertib administration and will facilitate their children to continue their education. The second factor; because the public administration burdened with many requirements to take care of a birth certificate, birth certificate due to the care of the society must stop working three days for the sakta menguru. The third factor; limited access to much of people\u27s homes with the Office of Civil Registry and make people have no desire to do the maintenance of a birth certificate, as well as the duration of the process to obtain the deed of births who need 60 working days by the Department of Population and Civil Registration. The cost factor of transport to get to ibukotaka regency require substantial funds, to one way only they need money for transport of one hundred thousand rupiah (Rp. 100,000.00)

Strategi Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Muara Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2015

Based on the Medium Term Development Plan of North Tapanuli Regency Year 2014-2019, established Vision makes North Tapanuli as a tourist destination, one of which is the development of tourist areas Muara. In its development until 2015, several programs and activities in realizing the North Tapanuli as a tourist destination especially Muara travel area development can not be realized with the maximum. The purpose of this study to determine the strategy of local governments in the development of the tourist area of Muara 2015 and the factors that affect the implementation of tourism development Muara 2015. The research was qualitative descriptive research data collection is by interview and documentation, or the document search , The theory used in this research is the theory of government management, strategy theory and the theory of the development of tourism. From the results of the field studies showed that some programs and activities in the development of the tourist area of Muara not running maximum, there's even a program that does not bejalan due to lack of budget or funds obtained by the Department of Tourism and Culture of North Tapanuli. The factors that affect the implementation of tourism development Muara based on theory and management strategies of government, namely: lack of awareness, lack of funds, lack of human resources, and the lack of supporting facilities. The local government should conduct an evaluation of the programs can not be implemented so that the next policy can be more effective

Kemajuan Visus Penderita Retinopati Diabetik yang Diterapi dengan Laser Fotokoagulasi dan atau Injeksi Intravitreal di Rumah Sakit Mohammad Hoesin Palembang

Retinopati diabetes adalah kelainan retina yang ditemukan pada penderita diabetes melitus. Insiden retinopati diabetik mencapai 40-50% penderita diabetes dan prognosisnya yang kurang baik terutama bagi tajam penglihatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemajuan visus penderita retinopati diabetik berdasarkan penatalaksanaan dengan laser fotokoagulasi dan atau injeksi intravitreal anti VEGF. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Bagian Mata RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang dengan data yang berasal dari Bagian Rekam Medik Rawat Jalan periode Januari 2012 sampai Juni 2014. Dari 155 arsip pasien retinopati diabetik diperoleh 43 penderita retinopati diabetik yang memenuhi kriteria. Perempuan adalah kelompok yang paling banyak menderita retinopati diabetik 62,8%. Kelompok usia yang paling banyak menderita retinopati diabetik adalah 46-58 tahun (69,8%). Pasien terbanyak didiagnosis dengan PDR (64,3%). Penderita banyak dilakukan tindakan injeksi intravitreal anti VEGF meskipun persentase kemajuan visus lebih besar pada tindakan laser fotokoagulasi

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) from Fish Oil and Margarine as Bioactive Compound for Anti-inflammation in Occupational Dermatitis

Occupational dermatitis (OCD) is a skin inflammatory disease caused by allergens and irritant agents in the workplace. The disease is related to hypersensitivity reaction, which is correlated with an immunological mechanism (allergic contact dermatitis) and a nonimmunological mechanism (irritant contact dermatitis). Patients with atopic history (rhinitis allergy, asthma, and atopic dermatitis) have a higher risk of contracting OCD. Atopic individuals suffer from barrier skin damage that increases the risk of allergen and irritant penetration. Inflammatory reaction involves T-helper 1 (Th1), which produces cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (INF-γ), while T-helper 2 (Th2) produces interleukin (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 substance from polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFAs)that has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect and the ability to decrease macrophage accumulation. In the inflammatory process, EPA inhibits IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, which are mediated by the free fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs). The aim of this study was to determine the bioactivity compound of EPA for anti-inflammatory agents and its target, based on in silico screening. The bioinformatic tools based on reverse docking used in this study were the PubChem compound database, the protein target prediction database, PharmMapper, SwissTargetPrediction, molecular docking software PyRx 0.8, ligand docking, and binding site analysis using PyMOL software. Docking and binding site analysis showed that EPA was able to interact withFABPs, with the binding affinity of EPA with FABP 4 higher (–4.2 kcal/mol) than that of hydrocortisone with FABP 4 (–7.4 kcal/mol). EPA has the same binding site and relative bonding power as the FABPs; thus, it has potential as an alternative anti-inflammatory medicine in OCD. Keywords: occupational dermatitis, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), free fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs), reverse dockin