Kemampuan Memahami Struktur dan Isi Teks Cerpen Siswa Kelas XI Sman 1 Teluk Kuantan

This study entitled The Ability to Understand Structure and Content of Short Story Text of XI Grade Students at Senior High School 1 Teluk Kuantan. This study aimed to describe the ability to understand the structure of the short story text at XI grade student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan, describes the ability to understand the content of short story text XI grade student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan, and describe is there a significant relationship between the ability to understand the structure and content of the short story text XI grade student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan. The method used is descriptive method with quantitative approach. Data of this study is the result of taking the test (answers) to understand the structure and content of the text that the author given to the sample, such as 144 students of XI grade at SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan. The research results obtained are: (1) ability to determine the structure of the short story text XI grade students at SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan classified as moderate with a value of 81.65%, (2) ability to determine the structure of the text of the short story class XI student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan MIPA classified as moderate with values 78.87%, (3) ability to determine the structure of the text of the short story class XI IPS SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan is high with a value of 84.65%, (4) ability to determine the structure of the text of the short story class XI student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan women classified as moderate with values 80.80%, (5) the ability to determine the structure of the text of the short story class XI student of SMAN 1 male Teluk Kuantan classified as moderate with a value of 83.03%, (6) the ability to determine the intrinsic elements of text short story class XI student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan is high with a value of 88.74%, (7) ability to determine the intrinsic elements of text short story class XI student of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan MIPA is high with a value of 89.44%, (8) ability to determine the intrinsic elements of text short story class XI IPS SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan is high with a value of 87.77%, (9) the ability to determine the intrinsic elements of short story text XI grade students of SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan women is high with a value of 89.58%, (10) the ability to determine the intrinsic elements of text short story class XI student of men SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan is high with a value of 87.39%, (11) the ability to understand the intrinsic elements of short story text XI grade students at SMAN 1 Teluk Kuantan superior to the student's ability to understand the structure of short storiy text

Kemampuan Membaca Pemahaman Teks Eksposisi Siswa Kelas VII SMP Babussalam Pekanbaru

This study discusses the ability of reading comprehension text Exposition grade VII SMP Babussalam Pekanbaru. As for the problems in this research is how the ability to read text understanding the exposition consists of four aspects, namely title, thesis, argument, and repeated the assertion. The methods used in this research is descriptive method quantitative research with samples as much as 41 students in grades VII SMP Babussalam Pekanbaru. The technique of collecting data in this study is to provide an objective test (multiple choice) to research samples, and then pass judgment in accordance with the results of the students' answers, and last, find the percentage for every aspect of reading comprehension text exposition as well as count. Based on research results, obtained summary that (1) the ability to specify the title of the category is with average 73,17, (2) ability to determine the low average category thesis 65,24, (3) the ability to determine the argument category low average 64,23, (4) the ability to determine an affirmation repeated low average 65,85 categories. Overall, the ability of reading comprehension text Exposition grade VII SMP Babussalam Pekanbaru category low with the average 67,12

Vitamin C losses in some frozen vegetables due to various cooking methods

Frozen spinach, peas, green beans and okra were commercially cooked in three different stewpans (double based stainless steel, teflon, pyrex) with and without thawing. The vitamin C levels were effected both by cooking methods and stewpans. Frozen peas were found to be the least (3.5% loss), and frozen green beans were found to be the most (19.6% loss) effected vegetables by thawing. In all of the stewpans, double based stainless steel pan retained more vitamin C than the others. While boiling spinach, peas, green beans, and okra without thawing resulted 46.5, 25.2, 18.2, and 21.6% vitamin C loss in double based stainless steel pan, boiling them in pyrex pan resulted 58.5, 36.0, 42.1, and 28.2% vitamin C loss, respectively. Besides, the losses in cooking processes were accelerated in thawed vegetables with the same tendency; that is more destruction occurred in samples boiled in pyrex pan (60.3% loss in spinach, 40.8% loss in peas, 48.4% loss in green beans, and 41.6% loss in okra). According to the results, it was found that thawing before cooking is useless and causes more vitamin C loss. Therefore, frozen vegetables must not be thawed before cooking. In order to prevent vitamin C from destruction, using double based stainless steel pan, minimum amount of water and cooking of frozen vegetables are recommended

Canopy cover of mangrove estimation based on airborne LIDAR & Landsat 8 OLI

Abstract Mangroves are very important ecosystems, because of their economic value and environmental services, including as a habitat for various wildlife species, storing carbon, and protecting land from sea abrasion. Indonesia is known to have large mangrove area and diversity. It is estimated that the area of mangroves in Indonesia in 2015 reached about 3 million hectares, with 15 families, 18 genera, 41 true mangrove species and 116 species of mangrove associations. Unfortunately, the area to continue to decline due to degradation and conversion to other land uses, especially ponds and built up areas. Usually, mangrove degradation assessment is carried out by field survey and relying on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) clustering derived from satellite image data. Field surveys require a large amount of time and cost, meanwhile NDVI clustering is either inaccurate or too rough. Therefore, exploration of another methods are needed. Our result showed that pixel value of Band 5, Band 6, NDVI and PC1 can be used to estimate canopy cover. Regression using quadratic equation is better than linear equations. However, we noticed limitations of optical Landsat 8 OLI data for canopy cover mapping, namely pixel saturation on high canopy cover and high pixel value of bush/shrubs/regrowth that was not always representing high canopy cover.</jats:p