163 research outputs found
Laparoscopic Approach to Vesicovaginal Fistula: Our Experience
AbstractIntroduction: Most Vesicovaginal fistulas in the industrialized world are iatrogenic, Though they may also result from congenital anomalies, malignant disease, inflammation and infection, radiation therapy, iatrogenic (surgical) or external tissue trauma, ischemia, parturition and a variety of other processes. Vesicovaginal fistulas (VVF) represent, by far, the most common type of acquired fistula of the urinary tract. The goal of treatment of these fistulas is the rapid cessation of urine leakage with return of normal and complete urinary and genital function.Materials and Methods: Female patients presenting with iatrogenic Vesicovaginal fistula formed the study group. A detailed history and physical examination was carried out. Imaging included intravenous urogram, cystogram, computerised tomography, MR imaging and retrograde ureterogram as felt necessary. Surgical repair of Vesicovaginal fistula was carried out through a laparoscopic approach.Results: 24 women presented with VVF, of these 19 underwent laparoscopic transperitoneal repair, whereas 5 underwent laparoscopic transvesicoscopic repair. The intraoperative blood loss was minimal (< 100 ml) and no major perioperative complications were noted. Conclusions: Minimally invasive approaches to repair vesico-vaginal fistulas are feasible, safe and associated with minimal blood loss, hospital stay and morbidity.Keywords: Laparoscopy, Minimally invasive, Vesicovaginal fistul
Voiding cystourethrogram in the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux in children with antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis
Prenatal ultrasonography has revolutionized the detection and management of many urological abnormalities. Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) which develops in 10% to 15% of cases of prenatal hydronephrosis, is difficult to predict prenatally. While all children with prenatal hydronephrosis should undergo ultrasonography within the first few weeks of life, there seems to be controversy regarding the role of voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in the assessment of these children
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET) of the Kidney with Level IV Inferior Vena Caval Thrombus: A Case Report
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is classified as a malignant tumor of the kidney. It was first recognized by Arthur Purdy Stout in 1918, as a member of the family of “small round-cell tumorsâ€. Primitive renal localization is very rare. We report a case of Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney with level IV inferior vena caval (IVC) thrombus. Histologically, the tumor consisted of small round cells with round nuclei and scant cytoplasm
Enhancing Prostate Cancer Diagnosis with Deep Learning: A Study using mpMRI Segmentation and Classification
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a severe disease among men globally. It is important
to identify PCa early and make a precise diagnosis for effective treatment. For
PCa diagnosis, Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) emerged as
an invaluable imaging modality that offers a precise anatomical view of the
prostate gland and its tissue structure. Deep learning (DL) models can enhance
existing clinical systems and improve patient care by locating regions of
interest for physicians. Recently, DL techniques have been employed to develop
a pipeline for segmenting and classifying different cancer types. These studies
show that DL can be used to increase diagnostic precision and give objective
results without variability. This work uses well-known DL models for the
classification and segmentation of mpMRI images to detect PCa. Our
implementation involves four pipelines; Semantic DeepSegNet with ResNet50,
DeepSegNet with recurrent neural network (RNN), U-Net with RNN, and U-Net with
a long short-term memory (LSTM). Each segmentation model is paired with a
different classifier to evaluate the performance using different metrics. The
results of our experiments show that the pipeline that uses the combination of
U-Net and the LSTM model outperforms all other combinations, excelling in both
segmentation and classification tasks.Comment: Accepted at CISCON-202
Antenatally diagnosed upper moiety hydronephrosis in a child with ectopic ureter: A case report
An ectopic ureter is any ureter, single or duplex, that does not enter the trigonal area of the bladder. In a duplex system, the ectopic ureter is inevitably the upper pole ureter. In males, the ectopic ureter always enters the urogenital system above the external sphincter. The majority of ectopic ureters are detected through prenatal ultrasound imaging, even if the specific diagnosis is not made until after birth. Radionuclide renal imaging remains the gold standard for renal functional assessment, and this is usually best provided by dimercaptosuccinic acid imaging. The goals of therapy are the preservation of renal function; elimination of infection, obstruction, and reflux; and maintenance of urinary continence. We report a case of a 6-month-old male child presenting with urinary tract infection. The child was diagnosed to have had a cystic dilatation of the right upper moiety on antenatal ultrasonography imaging
Augmentation gastrocystoplasty in a child with orofacial syndrome and dysfunctional voiding
We report the case of a child diagnosed with orofacial syndrome with dysfunctional voiding and elevated serum creatinine in whom augmentation gastrocystoplasty was performed to manage urinary incontinence.Keywords: augmentation gastrocystoplasty, dysfunctional voiding, orofacial syndrom
Production of soy protein concentrate with the recovery of bioactive compounds: from destruction to valorization
This work aimed to develop a novel methodology based on aqueous micellar systems (AMS), for producing soy protein concentrates (SPC) from soybean flour and recovering high-valuable bioactive compounds as by-products. Ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols Tergitol 15-S-7 and Tergitol 15-S-9, non-toxic and biodegradable surfactants, were selected to form the AMS. The methodology consisted of an extractive stage of soybean flour with AMS, which rendered both a pellet, i.e., the SPC, and a supernatant containing the extracted bioactive compounds. The latter was further heated above the cloud point temperature, thus resulting in a biphasic system formed by a micelle-rich phase (MP) and an aqueous phase (AP). Obtained SPC showed a noticeable loss (∼90%) of trypsin inhibitor activity, a total protein content close to 60%, soluble protein amounts varying from 19% to 34%, and remarkable released (by simulated digestion) antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Those indicators are similar to or even better than those corresponding to SPC from the classical acid-extraction method. The AMS also exhibited an enhanced efficiency for extracting antinutrients such as non-digestible oligosaccharides, trypsin inhibitors, and lectins mostly recovered at the AP and separated from isoflavones, which were concentrated and isolated at the MP. The recovery of all the mentioned bioactive compounds, whether beneficial or undesirable, broadens their uses in research, food, and pharmacological fields. This successful performance, simplicity, scalability, and sustainability make the proposed AMS-based extraction a powerful tool for processing plant derivatives and valorizing their by-products.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Liquid-liquid equilibrium and partitioning features of bovine trypsin in Ucon 50 HB5100 /sodium citrate aqueous two phase systems
The phase diagrams of Ucon 50-HB-5100, a non-ionic random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene
oxide (EOPO) and sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were determined at different pHs (5.20
and 8.20) and temperatures (5, 20 and 40º C). The binodal curves were determined by refractive index and
enzymatic assay of the solution and described using a four-parameter sigmoidal equation, the reliability
of the measured tie line compositions was ascertained by correlation equations given by Othmer Tobias
and Bancroft. The two-phase area was expanded by increasing both pH and temperature. The partitioning
of bovine trypsin and a-chymotrypsin, proteases of similar physico-chemical properties was investigated
in order to evaluate the applicability of partitioning as a putative method to isolate from pancreas and to
obtain any information about their partitioning mechanism. The effect of different factors such as pH, tie
line length and the presence of an inorganic salt on the protein partition coefficient were analyzed.Se caracterizaron las curvas binomiales correspondientes a los sistemas bifásicos acuosos formados por
Ucon 50-HB-5100, un copolímero al azar de óxido de etileno y óxido de propileno (EOPO) y citrato de
sodio a diferentes pHs (5,20 y 8,20) y temperaturas (5, 20 y 40º C). Las curvas binomiales se obtuvieron
por determinación del índice de refracción y ensayos enzimáticos de las soluciones correspondientes; las
composiciones de las líneas de unión se corroboraron por las ecuaciones propuestas por Othmer Tobias y
Bancroft. El aumento del pH y la temperatura condujeron a un aumento del área bifásica. También se
ensayó el comportamiento de reparto de dos proteasas tripsina y α-quimotripsina con el objetivo de
emplear los principios de partición como método de aislamiento y purificación de Tripsina a partir de páncreas
bovino y de obtener información acerca del mecanismo de partición de la misma. Se analizó el efecto
del pH, longitud de la línea de unión y presencia de sales inorgánicas sobre el coeficiente de partición
de las enzimas
Liquid–liquid equilibrium of the Ucon 50-HB5100/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems
The phase diagrams of Ucon 50-HB5100/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were determined at 5, 20 and 40 ◦C. Two medium pHs
5.20 and 8.20 were assayed. The binodal curves were satisfactorily described using a four-parameter sigmoidal equation. The two-phase area was
expanded by increasing both pH and temperature. The reliability of the measured tie line compositions was ascertained by correlation equations
given by Othmer–Tobias and Bancroft.VALNATURACONICETALFA II-0440-FA-Exchange programme between Universities
of the European Union and Latin Americ
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