Adaptasi Komunikasi Mahasiswa Asal Indonesia Di Turki Dalam Menghadapi Culture Shock

Banyak pelajar Indonesia meninggalkan negaranya untuk melanjutkan pendidikan tinggi di luar negeri. Alasan utamanya adalah bahwa mereka ingin memiliki pengalaman baru dan menerima pendidikan berkualitas tinggi dalam skala global. Salah satu tujuannya yakni Negera Turki. Terdapat 2.673 mahasiswa Indonesia di Turki. Namun budaya Turki dan Indonesia berbeda satu sama lain dalam berbagai hal, termasuk komunikasi dan bahasa, pakaian dan penampilan, makanan, perbedaan musim, nilai dan konvensi, serta sikap dan kepercayaan. Perbedaan-perbedaan inilah yang akan menimbukan gegar budaya atau yang sering disebut culture shock. Tidak siap menghadapi perbedaan akan menghasilkan berbagai reaksi yang belum pasti sama setiap orang. Sehingga, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana penyesuaian diri mahasiswa Indonesia yang sedang berkuliah di Turki. Sekaligus mengetahui hambatan yang dialami mahasiswa Indonesia di Turki. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan yakni penyesuaian diri yang dikemukakan oleh Schneiders. Penyesuaian diri merupakan teori yang sesuai dengan penelitian ini karena dalam prosesnya terdapat proses dinamis yang bertujuan untuk mengubah perilaku individu agar terjadi hubungan yang lebih sesuai antara diri individu dengan lingkungan barunnya. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukan bahwa  para mahasiswa Indonesia dapat melewati tahap penyesuaian diri. Proses penyesuaian diri tidak serta merta dengan mudah mereka lewati. Dari 5 aspek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, para mahasiswa Indonesia memulai dari tahap ketahap untuk mecapai puncak penyesuaian diri. Hambatan yang dialami mahasiswa Indonesia di Turki yakni dari segi bahasa, perilaku dan buday

Analisis Paparan Radiasi Lingkungan Ruang Radiologi Di Rumah Sakit Dengan Program Delphi

Telah dibuat dan diuji suatu program perhitungan Borland Delphi 7 untuk menganalisis paparan radiasi lingkungan dan penahan radiasi. Program ini dibuat berdasarkan kebutuhan rumah sakit untuk mengetahui paparan radiasi lingkungan yang ada pada sekitar ruang roentgen dengan menghitung laju paparan dan penahan radiasi struktural. Untuk itu, hasil perhitungan menggunakan program ini dapat disimpan ke database dan ditampilkan menggunakan report sebagai dokumen untuk rumah sakit ataupun pihak yang berkaitan. Program yang dibuat telah diuji menggunakan data penelitian yang ada pada Ruang Radiografi Rumah Sakit X1dan Ruang Radiografi Rumah Sakit X2. Hasil perhitungan paparan radiasi lingkungan diperoleh nilai yang jauh dibawah dari 1 mSv/tahun sebagai standar NBD yang ditetapkan. Hasil perhitungan penahan radiasi struktural juga dinyatakan tidak memerlukan material tambahan karena penahan radiasi yang sudah ada terpasang telah melebihi dari hasil perhitungan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan keseluruhan tersebut, program Delphi ini sudah sesuai dengan menghitung secara manual

Self-assembled ge nanostructures on polymer-coated silicon: growth and characterization

Self-assembled Ge nanoparticles have been grown on polymer-coated Si substrates by thermal evaporation under high vacuum utilizing the nonwetting condition given by the surface free-energy relation σ Ge»σpolymer. The nanostructures have been characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic-force microscopy (AFM), and optical microscopy. Raman spectrum shows a prominent Ge-Ge vibration peak at 302cm-1. AFM and optical microscopy show the formation of isolated Ge islands (>~100nm base, <~25nm height), nanowires (160 nm base, 25 nm height), and islands in linear chains. The possibility of embedding such nanostructures in waveguide structures are discussed

Scaling of human behavior during portal browsing

We investigate transitions of portals users between different subpages. A weighted network of portals subpages is reconstructed where edge weights are numbers of corresponding transitions. Distributions of link weights and node strengths follow power laws over several decades. Node strength increases faster than linearly with node degree. The distribution of time spent by the user at one subpage decays as power law with exponent around 1.3. Distribution of numbers P(z) of unique subpages during one visit is exponential. We find a square root dependence between the average z and the total number of transitions n during a single visit. Individual path of portal user resembles of self-attracting walk on the weighted network. Analytical model is developed to recover in part the collected data.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Shape variation in epitaxial microstructures of gold silicide grown on br-passivated Si(1 1 1) surfaces

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for growth on substrates of three-fold symmetry predict the growth of islands of various shapes depending on the growth temperature [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 2967]. On Br-Si(1 1 1) substrates growth of epitaxial gold silicide islands of equilateral triangular and trapezoidal shapes have earlier been observed by annealing at the Au-Si eutectic temperature, 363 °C [Phys. Rev. B 51 (1995) 14330]. We carried out annealing with temperature variation within a small window--(363 ± 30) °C. This has led to island growth of additional shapes like regular hexagon, elongated hexagon, walled hexagon and dendrite. Some of the observed island shapes have not been predicted

Low current MeV Au<SUP>2+</SUP> ion-induced amorphization in silicon: rutherford backscattering spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy study

The amorphization due to MeV Au2+ ion implantation in Si(1 1 1) has been studied using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry/channeling (RBS/C) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. 1.5 MeV Au2+ ions were implanted into Si(1 1 1) substrates at various fluences at low currents (0.02-0.04&#956;A cm-2) while the samples were kept at room temperature. The RBS/C results for as-implanted specimen shows the onset fluence for amorphization to be &#8776;5&#215; 1013 ions cm-2 which is much lower than the fluence reported earlier. Selected area diffraction (TEM) for a sample implanted at a of 1&#215;1014 ions cm-2 confirms the occurrence of the amorphization. Earlier, amorphization studies by Alford and Theodore, using 2.4 MeV gold ions in silicon (1 0 0) reported a threshold fluence of 1.8&#215;1015 ions cm-2 for amorphization when the implantation was carried out at higher currents (0.2-5 &#956; A cm-2) [J. Appl. Phys. 76 (1994) 7265]. The nuclear energy loss (Sn) for 1.5 MeV gold ions in silicon is &#8776;13% greater than the value for 2.4 MeV and cannot be the sole reason for lower threshold fluence for the amorphization. The amorphization at a relatively lower fluence for the low current implantations could be possible due to reduction in the dynamical annealing effects

Long-Residency Hydration, Cation Binding, and Dynamics of Loop E/Helix IV rRNA-L25 Protein Complex

Molecular dynamics simulations of RNA-protein complex between Escherichia coli loop E/helix IV (LE/HeIV) rRNA and L25 protein reveal a qualitative agreement between the experimental and simulated structures. The major groove of LE is a prominent rRNA cation-binding site. Divalent cations rigidify the LE major groove geometry whereas in the absence of divalent cations LE extensively interacts with monovalent cations via inner-shell binding. The HeIV region shows bistability of its major groove explaining the observed differences between x-ray and NMR structures. In agreement with the experiments, the simulations suggest that helix-alpha1 of L25 is the least stable part of the protein. Inclusion of Mg2+ cations into the simulations causes perturbation of basepairing at the LE/HeIV junction, which does not, however, affect the protein binding. The rRNA-protein complex is mediated by a number of highly specific hydration sites with long-residing water molecules and two of them are bound throughout the entire 24-ns simulation. Long-residing water molecules are seen also outside the RNA-protein contact areas with water-binding times substantially enhanced compared to simulations of free RNA. Long-residency hydration sites thus represent important elements of the three-dimensional structure of rRNA

What if I Get Busted? Deception, Choice, and Decision-Making in Social Interaction

Deception is an essentially social act, yet little is known about how social consequences affect the decision to deceive. In this study, participants played a computerized game of deception without constraints on whether or when to attempt to deceive their opponent. Participants were questioned by an opponent outside the scanner about their knowledge of the content of a display. Importantly, questions were posed so that, in some conditions, it was possible to be deceptive, while in other conditions it was not. To simulate a realistic interaction, participants could be confronted about their claims by the opponent. This design, therefore, creates a context in which a deceptive participant runs the risk of being punished if their deception is detected. Our results show that participants were slower to give honest than to give deceptive responses when they knew more about the display and could use this knowledge for their own benefit. The condition in which confrontation was not possible was associated with increased activity in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex. The processing of a question which allows a deceptive response was associated with activation in right caudate and inferior frontal gyrus. Our findings suggest the decision to deceive is affected by the potential risk of social confrontation rather than the claim itself

Isosteric And Nonisosteric Base Pairs In RNA Motifs: Molecular Dynamics And Bioinformatics Study Of The Sarcin Ricin Internal Loop

The sarcin-ricin RNA motif (SR motif) is one of the most prominent recurrent RNA building blocks that occurs in many different RNA contexts and folds autonomously, that is, in a context-independent manner. In this study, we combined bioinformatics analysis with explicit-solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to better understand the relation between the RNA sequence and the evolutionary patterns of the SR motif. A SHAPE probing experiment was also performed to confirm the fidelity of the MD simulations. We identified 57 instances of the SR motif in a nonredundant subset of the RNA X-ray structure database and analyzed their base pairing, base phosphate, and backbone backbone interactions. We extracted sequences aligned to these instances from large rRNA alignments to determine the frequency of occurrence for different sequence variants. We then used a simple scoring scheme based on isostericity to suggest 10 sequence variants with a highly variable expected degree of compatibility with the SR motif 3D structure. We carried out MD simulations of SR motifs with these base substitutions. Nonisosteric base substitutions led to unstable structures, but so did isosteric substitutions which were unable to make key base phosphate interactions. The MD technique explains why some potentially isosteric SR motifs are not realized during evolution. We also found that the inability to form stable cWW geometry is an important factor in the case of the first base pair of the flexible region of the SR motif. A comparison of structural, bioinformatics, SHAPE probing, and MD simulation data reveals that explicit solvent MD simulations neatly reflect the viability of different sequence variants of the SR motif. Thus, MD simulations can efficiently complement bioinformatics tools in studies of conservation patterns of RNA motifs and provide atomistic insight into the role of their different signature interactions