Reactions of Pyruvonitrile with Nb(V) & Ta(V) Alkoxides

406-40

Synthesis of Thiocyanato Derivatives of Niobium(V) & Tantalum(V) Isopropoxides

783-78

Quantitative relationship of diamagnetic susceptibility with molecular connectivity in hydrocarbons

889-890The diamagnetic susceptibility of hydrocarbons is found to be parallel to Kier's first order valence molecular connectivity index 1Xv. The regression analysis reveals a significant linear correlation between diamagnetic susceptibility xM and 1Xv

Quantitative correlation between log<i>K </i>of the complexes and C<i>_A , </i>E<i>_A</i> and D<i>_A</i> parameters of the metal ions/lewis acids

756-759Regression analysis reveals a significant linear correlation of the formation constants of the complexes and ionic tendencies (EA), covalent tendencies (CA) and dissolvation effect (steric hindrance DA) of the metal ions/ lewis acids with different ligands in aqueous solution. As a result of the regression analysis, the predictive equations arc much promising and stability constant values have been obtained for these ligands with any metal ion with certain accuracy

Prospective association of obstructive sleep apnea risk factors with heart failure and its subtypes in postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative.

Study objectivesThe relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and heart failure (HF) incidence in postmenopausal women has been understudied, given the limited representation of women in heart failure studies. We investigated the relationship between OSA risk factors and HF and its subtypes in postmenopausal women.MethodsWe performed a prospective analysis on the adjudicated HF outcomes in the Women's Health Initiative from enrollment (1993-1998) to September 30, 2016. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) were defined as adjudicated acute HF hospitalization with EF ≥ 45% or &lt; 45%, respectively. We employed Cox regression to examine the association between OSA risk factors and symptoms (individually and using a summary risk score) and time to first hospitalized HF.ResultsOf 42,362 women, 2,205 (5.21%) developed all HF, 1,162 (2.74%) women developed HFpEF, and 679 (1.60%) developed HFrEF. Individual OSA risk factors and symptoms, including obesity (hazard ratio = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-1.48), snoring (hazard ratio = 1.30, 95% CI 1.16-1.46), and hypertension (HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.35-1.56), were positively associated with risk of HF and HFpEF, but only hypertension was associated with HFrEF. When examined as a summary risk score compared with those with none of the OSA risk factors, presence of each additional factor was significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalized HF in a dose-response fashion for HFpEF (P trend &lt; .001), but not HFrEF (P trend = .26).ConclusionsOSA risk factors and symptoms were associated with HFpEF, but not HFrEF, among postmenopausal women and are largely dependent on body mass index, snoring, and hypertension

The heparan sulfate editing enzyme Sulf1 plays a novel role in zebrafish VegfA mediated arterial venous identity.

Arterial and venous specification is critical for establishing and maintaining a functioning vascular system, and defects in key arteriovenous signaling pathways including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) lead to congenital arteriopathies. The activities of VEGF, are in part controlled by heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans, significant components of the endothelial glycocalyx. The level of 6-O sulfation on HS polysaccharide chains, that mediate the interaction between HS and VEGFA, is edited at the cell surface by the enzyme SULF1. We investigated the role of sulf1 in vascular development. In zebrafish sulf1 is expressed in the head and tail vasculature, corresponding spatially and temporally with vascular development. Targeted knockdown of sulf1 by antisense morpholinos resulted in severe vascular patterning and maturation defects. 93 % of sulf1 morphants show dysmorphogenesis in arterial development leading to occlusion of the distal aorta and lack of axial and cranial circulation. Co-injection of vegfa165 mRNA rescued circulatory defects. While the genes affecting haematopoiesis are unchanged, expression of several arterial markers downstream of VegfA signalling such as notch and ephrinB2 are severely reduced in the dorsal aorta, with a concomitant increase in expression of the venous markers flt4 in the dorsal aorta of the morphants. Furthermore, in vitro, lack of SULF1 expression downregulates VEGFA-mediated arterial marker expression, confirming that Sulf1 mediates arterial specification by regulating VegfA165 activity. This study provides the first in vivo evidence for the integral role of the endothelial glycocalyx in specifying arterial-venous identity, vascular patterning and arterial integrity, and will help to better understand congenital arteriopathies

Estimates of Heritabilities of Milk Fat and Milk Protein and Their Correlations with Milk Yield in Sahiwal Cattle of Punjab Pakistan

This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for lactation milk yield (LMY), lactation fat yield (LFY), and lactation protein yield (LPY) in the Sahiwal cattle breed of Pakistan. Performance data of 3364 purebred Sahiwal cattle with 9964 herd test records were collected from the public and/or private herds. Various edits were applied, such as herd test day records &lt; 3, unknown calving and drying dates, etc., which reduced the data set to 1039 animals with 4489 herd test records. Lactation yields for milk, fat, and protein were calculated using the test interval method. Preliminary data analysis was performed using PROC MIXED in SAS. The animal model under the REML method was used to estimate the genetic parameters of the milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein. A multivariate model (3-traits) was fitted, which included the fixed effects of parity besides random effects of herd-year-season of calving (HYS), animal and residuals for all three traits. Mean ± SD (kg) of LMY, LFY, and LPY were 1444.07±554.51, 60.48±25.18, and 48.26±19.39, respectively. Parity and HYS significantly varied (p&lt;0.05) among cows for all investigated production traits. The estimates of heritabilities with their standard errors for LMY, LFY, and LPY were 0.164±0.065, 0.124±0.061, and 0.181±0.067, respectively. The phenotypic and genetic correlations were high among all three production traits, which ranged between 0.879 to 0.975 and 0.990 to 0.999, respectively, with standard errors ranging from 0.002 to 0.03. Low to moderate heritability estimates for milk component traits obtained in the present study suggest that these traits could be improved through genetic selection