Breaking the Fear of Placement for the Hearing Impaired

Non

Attention Advisors and Mentors: A Suggested Study Technique for Deaf College Students

Deaf college students can develop a programmed study method that has been used successfully with college students for over twenty-five years. This study method will improve students grades if they will dedicate themselves to this technique rather than waiting until the lastminute to cram. Deaf students can continually review the knowledge base of lecture and textbook information by studying independently and especially by using an instructor or peer mentor. Students need to establish appropriate time management for studying and writing term papers. Deaf students must develop assertiveness in the college classroom when the lecture presentations are not clear. Successful deaf college students realize that itis not the personality of the professor that is relevant when information is presented but rather maintaining a positive attitude that will determine how much they learn

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment masquerading as exudative panuveitis with intense anterior chamber inflammatory reaction.

Purpose:This is a retrospective case report illustrating the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with a chronic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment masquerading as a severe panuveitis with intense anterior chamber inflammation. We have included clinical features, anterior segment and fundus photography, B-scan ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, and intraoperative findings. Observations:A 26-year-old male presented with features of unilateral panuveitis: hypotony, anterior segment inflammation (posterior synechiae and anterior chamber cell with fibrin clumping), diffuse choroidal thickening, and retinal detachment. Laboratory investigations for infectious or rheumatologic processes were negative, and empiric systemic corticosteroid therapy was unsuccessful. This prompted suspicion for an alternate primary etiology, and pars plana vitrectomy revealed small retinal breaks as the underlying cause of the retinal detachment and inflammation. Conclusions:Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are a known cause of intraocular inflammation. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to recognize retinal breaks in this setting, particularly with robust anterior segment inflammation and posterior findings resembling severe exudative uveitis. Being aware of this unique presentation may prevent delays in diagnosis and have important prognostic implications

Toward a Critical Race Theory of Evidence

Scholars, judges, and lawyers have long believed that evidence rules apply equally to all persons regardless of race. This Article challenges this assumption and reveals how evidence law structurally disadvantages people of color. A critical race analysis of stand-your-ground defenses, cross-racial eyewitness misidentifications, and minority flight from racially-targeted police profiling and violence uncovers the existence of a dual-race evidentiary system. This system is reminiscent of nineteenth century race-based witness competency rules that barred people of color from testifying against white people. I deconstruct this problem and introduce the original concept of “racialized reality evidence.” This construct demonstrates how evidence of people of color’s lived experiences of systemic racism are regularly excluded at trial, while evidence of white norms and beliefs receives “implicit judicial notice.” Finally, I advocate for a new critical race theory of evidence law and offer solutions — including a reinterpretation of Federal Rule of Evidence 403 — to increase equality in the courtroom

Sediment yield in Salmon Creek after decommissioning logging roads, Northern Humboldt County, California

Salmon Creek watershed is located in the Headwaters Forest Reserve in northern California and is known for the ecological value of its old-growth redwood forest, high biodiversity, and sensitive habitat for endangered species. The Bureau of Land Management primarily manages the Reserve. The land-use history of the Upper Salmon Creek watershed includes extensive timber harvest and road development. Watershed restoration in the Upper Salmon Creek watershed started in 2000 with the primary goal for the Reserve to protect and recover ecologic diversity and threatened native species. Since then, of the 23 miles, 13.5 miles of logging roads and 101 stream crossings have been decommissioned and treated, with 2 miles maintained, 2.4 miles passively restored, and 5.1 miles still requiring assessment. The restoration work is focused on long term reduction in sediment delivery from erosional sites that have historically degraded water quality in the Salmon Creek watershed. A stream monitoring station is located in the Upper Salmon Creek watershed that uses a turbidity threshold sampling protocol based on turbidity, stage, and temperature. The objective is to evaluate the data collected from Water Year (WY) 2012 to 2019 to assess the sediment yield in the watershed. The field and laboratory data collected at the stream monitoring station were used to further understand the relationships between hydrology, sediment transport, and land-use, and to estimate sediment load from WY 2012 to 2019. Additionally, two precipitation-monitoring stations were installed in the Upper Salmon Creek watershed during WY 2019, to provide a more spatially representative rainfall data set. Discharge rating curves and turbidity-sediment rating curves were developed to estimate continuous discharge and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) at the stream monitoring station, which were then used to estimate annual sediment yield. The annual sediment yield from WY 2012 to 2019 ranged from 9 tons/mi2 to 178 tons/mi2 (49 tons to 944 tons). The discharge rating curves need to be established every year due to periodic geomorphic changes in the channel cross-section at the monitoring station. However, the relationship between turbidity and SSC does not appear to change from year to year, and the existing data that was collected is adequate to quantify the relationship between turbidity and SSC. The exception is at high values of turbidity, where it is recommended to reprogram the automated sampler to draw water samples only at the very highest turbidity thresholds to refine the relationship with SSC. On average, storms were responsible for 77% of the total annual sediment yield over the period of record. Annual sediment yield varied from year to year, and seemed to be strongly influenced by the characteristics of individual storms within a WY such as rainfall intensity in the watershed. Additionally, episodic events such as bank failures and landslides may have elevated turbidity and discharge. Estimating sediment load by individual storm events is the first step in exploring the meteorological, hydrological, and other temporal changes that contribute to variability in sediment transport and sediment load. Future studies should focus on normalizing the data to effectively remove the interannual variability in sediment yield that is related to rainfall variability and episodic events so that trends in sediment yield that may be due to land use changes and restoration actions can be identified