Breccia dikes from the Beaverhead Impact structure, southwest Montana

While shatter cones are generally accepted as indicators of meteorite impact, older petrologic features are not widely recognized in the geologic community. Breccia dikes are one such feature. They are found in many large impact structures occurring over an area at least as extensively as shatter cones. Breccia dikes will survive moderate degrees of metamorphism and tectonism, unlike many other microscopic features (shocked quartz grains, high-pressure polymorphs, etc.) and even large-scale features such as annular or bowl-shaped topographic features. Thus, they are important diagnostic criteria, especially for large, poorly preserved impact structures. The Beaverhead Impact structure is a recently discovered, deeply eroded impact structure in southwestern Montana. The remains of the structure are delineated by the occurrence of shatter cones, found in an area greater than 200 sq km, occurring within the Cabin thrust plate, part of the Cretaceous Sevier fold and thrust system. The distribution of shatter cones is further truncated by Tertiary normal faults. The present remains represent an allochthonous fragment of a larger structure

Champions of Change: The Impact of the Arts on Learning

This report compiles seven major studies that provide new evidence of enhanced learning and achievement when students are involved in a variety of arts experiences

Tribute to Judge Duffy | Recollections of Judge Kevin T. Duffy

I first met Judge Kevin Duffy in 1957 when we were both sworn in as Assistant United States Attorneys in the Southern District of New York. Both of us were protégés of Judge J. Edward Lumbard—I had worked in his office during the summer of 1954 when he was U.S. Attorney, and Kevin had just finished clerking for him. He had strongly urged both of us to join the U.S. Attorney’s Office (the “Office”). We both looked up to him enormously. (Later, when Kevin became a district judge, and Judge Lumbard was on the Second Circuit, they had an arrangement where for one month during the year they would exchange law clerks; Judge Lumbard’s would get the experience of being district court clerks, and Kevin’s would get the experience of being circuit court clerks.

A study of some relationships between religious belief, feelings of guilt and self-evaluation

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Corporations - Preference Rights on Dissolution

The capital structure of the defendant corporation consisted of class A, class B, and preferred stock. According to the articles of association, the class A stock was entitled to a ten percent dividend before any dividend was paid on the class B. After the class B stock had also received a ten percent dividend, the two classes were to share equally in any further dividends. The charter further provided that on dissolution the holders of the class A stock were entitled to cash to the amount of the par value of their stock before any payment in liquidation was made to the holders of the class B stock. Upon dissolution of the defendant, the class A stockholders claimed the right to share equally with the class B stockholders in surplus assets remaining after both had received the par value of their stock. Held, all assets remaining after the holders of class A stock have received par value are to be distributed to the class B shareholders. The preference given class A stockholders on dissolution is clearly exhaustive. Mohawk Carpet Mills, Inc. v. Delaware Rayon Company, (Del. Ch. 1954) 110 A. (2d) 305

Insurance - Recovery - Rights of Mortgagee Under Mortgagor\u27s Insurance

Defendant issued a policy of fire insurance on an automobile plaintiff had purchased with money borrowed from one Hansen, to whom a note and a chattel mortgage were given as security for the debt. A week after the policy was issued naming plaintiff as the insured, defendant executed an amendment to the policy in the form of an endorsement reading, Less if any ... shall be paid to the insured and Charles H. Hansen as their interests may appear. The policy provided that it should not apply while the car was subject to any mortgage or other encumbrance not specifically declared and described in the policy. The premium was paid by Hansen. After the automobile was destroyed by fire, plaintiff sued on the policy and the defendant demurred, alleging failure to state a cause of action. The demurrer was overruled and judgment entered for plaintiff and Hansen. Defendant then amended its petition to allege that plaintiff had executed three additional chattel mortgages on the car that violated the provision against encumbrances. Held, admitting the policy might be void as to plaintiff, this does not affect defendant\u27s liability to Hansen. Koenke v. Iowa Mut. Cas. Co., 175 Kan. 473, 264 P. (2d) 472 (1953)

Real Property - The Effect of Zoning Ordinances on the Law of Nuisance

One of the most interesting and least explored questions in the law of property is the effect of zoning ordinances on the law of nuisance. Particularly interesting is the extent to which statutory authorization by zoning can legalize a use of land which, in the absence of a zoning ordinance, would constitute a nuisance. In order to understand this problem fully it is necessary to begin with a general analysis of the law of nuisance and the various classifications into which it has been divided by the courts

Admiralty- Conflict of Laws - Application of the Jones Act

Admiralty traditionally did not give a seaman a right of action for negligence unless it could be attributed to the unseaworthiness of the vessel. An injured seaman was limited to two remedies: an action for maintenance and cure, or an action based on -unseaworthiness. To remedy this situation, Congress in 1920 passed the Jones Act. This act was framed in terms of any seaman who shall suffer personal injury in the course of his employment, and gave to such seamen all the rights granted by statutes modifying or extending the common law right or remedy in cases of personal injury to railway employees. Although this act accomplished its purpose of giving injured seamen an action for negligence, it did not specify who was included within the term any seaman, but left this to judicial interpretation. Through the years, there has been a gradual movement away from the pre-Jones Act conception that maritime torts should be governed by the law of the Hag, and an extension of the statute on the basis of other factors. A recent decision by the United States Supreme Court has given some indication as to which of these factors should bear the most weight in the choice of law applicable to a maritime I tort and has indicated a retreat from the more recent extensions

Evidence - Attorney-Client Privilege - Communications Relating to Future Criminal Transactions

Defendant was subpoenaed in connection with a grand jury investigation of gambling and corruption of public officials. He had been retained by one \u27Willie Moretti as attorney for five of his associates in October, 1950 after a complaint charging a gambling conspiracy had been filed against them. During some two hundred conferences with Moretti in the following year, defendant learned that protection money was being paid to certain high ranking state officials, Moretti at one point complaining of the frequent demands of these officials for more· money. Moretti also discussed with defendant a visit he had paid to the home of one Dickerson, a prominent political figure, twelve days after the aforementioned complaint had been filed. With respect to this visit, Dickerson testified that Moretti had complained that people who had paid protection money were being pushed around, and that he (Moretti) had paid protection money. Dickerson interpreted these remarks as an attempt to pressure him into interceding with the grand jury on Moretti\u27s behalf. Moretti himself was a witness before the Kefauver Committee in 1951, and was indicted after his death in 1951 for conspiracy to obstruct justice. Upon being asked to disclose the names of the people, who, according to Moretti, had received protection money, and to state whether Moretti had told him that he had been to Dickerson\u27s home and had a conversation, defendant claimed the attorney-client privilege and refused to answer. Upon an order to show cause why defendant should not answer the above questions, the trial court sustained the claim of privilege and the appellate division affirmed. On appeal, held, reversed, three judges dissenting. The two hundred unexplained conferences within a year, the visit to Dickerson, and Moretti\u27s complaint about the greed of public officials constitute prima facie evidence that Moretti consulted defendant with regard to future criminal transactions, to which the privilege does not attach. In re Selser, (N.J. 1954) 105 A. (2d) 395

unmarked: An R Package for Fitting Hierarchical Models of Wildlife Occurrence and Abundance

Ecological research uses data collection techniques that are prone to substantial and unique types of measurement error to address scientific questions about species abundance and distribution. These data collection schemes include a number of survey methods in which unmarked individuals are counted, or determined to be present, at spatially- referenced sites. Examples include site occupancy sampling, repeated counts, distance sampling, removal sampling, and double observer sampling. To appropriately analyze these data, hierarchical models have been developed to separately model explanatory variables of both a latent abundance or occurrence process and a conditional detection process. Because these models have a straightforward interpretation paralleling mechanisms under which the data arose, they have recently gained immense popularity. The common hierarchical structure of these models is well-suited for a unified modeling interface. The R package unmarked provides such a unified modeling framework, including tools for data exploration, model fitting, model criticism, post-hoc analysis, and model comparison