Diatoms in Forensic Analysis

Diatoms are single-celled organisms widely distributed in aquatic environments with several applications, such as oil exploration, environmental indications, microbial ecology or forensic examinations. In this chapter, we address forensic applications of diatom analysis, including the usefulness of the test in the diagnosis of drowning, identification of the drowning site, identification of the suspect and information about the time of death. We also address the sample preparation process and review the most used techniques for diatom analysis involving the digestion of tissues from specific organs to study (acid digestion, acid digestion in disorganization can, Soluene-350 digestion, enzymatic digestion, membrane filter methods and some novel techniques). Finally, we address some protocols in diatom analysis and histological findings in drowning

Comparison of Turkish Injury Scale (TIS) with the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)

According to the Turkish Penal Code, Section 456, an assailant is punished in a correlation to the severity of the victim's injury. In this study, the injury scale used in Turkey in the basis code 456 is compared with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). For this aim, a total of 984 cases out of the total amount reported at the Traumatology Section of the Turkish Council for Forensic Medicine were randomly selected and evaluated retrospectively. In all, 40.7% of injuries were caused by blunt trauma, whereas 59.3% were caused by a penetrating trauma. According to the Turkish Injury Scale (TIS), 40.3% of the cases were scored to be of a first degree of injury, 15.6% as second degree and 44.1% as third degree. When compared, the score points 3;4 and 5 in the AIS were seen to be nearly equivalent to the TIS of third degree. From this point of view, in the modified AIS 91.1% of first degree of injury, 51.2% of second degree and 97.2% of third degree of injury are harmonious with TIS. Generally, 83.2% of the cases are harmonious with the AIS system. The purpose of this study is to determine what was the source of differences and, to focus on particular traumatic lesions in order to determine a possible rearrangement of the Turkish Injury Scale. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd

Ecogeographical variation and new host plants of pleurotus eryngii species complex in Turkey

Bu çalışma, 12-16 Ağustos 2018 tarihleri arasında İstanbul[Türkiye]’da düzenlenen 30. International Horticultural Congress (IHC) / International Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Culinary Herbs and Edible Fungi / 4th International Jujube Symposium / 6th International Symposium on Saffron Biology and Technology’da bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.In nature, Pleurotus eryngii species complex mushrooms are found associated with certain plant species of Compositae and Umbelliferae as facultative biotrophs. This complex species comprises var. eryngii (DC.:Fr) Quel, ferulae Lanzi, nebrodensis (Inzenga) Sacc, elaeoselini Venturella et al., tigitanus Lewinsohn et al. P. tuoliensis C.J.Mou, P. hadamardii Costantin and P. fossulatus (Cooke) Sacc. Turkish wild P. eryngii species complex were collected from different locations of Turkey in this study. Host plants association with Turkish wild P. eryngii species complex was identified. Associated host plants of Turkish P. eryngii species complex were Erynginum compastre L., Ferula communis var. communis L., Ferula orientalis L., Heracleum antasiaticum Maden, Prangos uechtritzii Boiss and Hausskn, Prangos ferulacea (L) Lindley, Ferula orientalis L., Heracleum antasiaticum Maden and Prangos uechtritzii Boiss and Hausskn were first record as a new host plants of P. eryngii species complex in the world. Three taxon belonging to P. eryngii species complex were determined. According to morphological data, these taxon were P. eryngii var. eryngii (DC.:Fr) Quel, P. eryngii ferulae Lanzi and P. nebrodensis (Inzenga) Sacc.Agriculture and Forestry MinistryInt Soc Hort Sc

Influence of La and Si promoters on the anaerobic heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of ammonium dinitramide (ADN) via alumina supported iridium active sites

Structural origins of the promotional effects of the La or Si doping of alumina supported Ir catalysts in anaerobic ammonium dinitramide decomposition were investigated. Our findings reveal that Ir/Al2O3 and Ir/La-Al2O3 favorably lower the onset temperature of the ADN decomposition reaction, whereas Si doping boosts the pressure generation during the reaction. Formation of mostly metallic Ir nanoparticles for Ir/Al2O3 and Ir/La-Al2O3 enables the lowering of the activation energy of the reaction. On the other hand, enhancement due to Si promotion is associated to the generation of small oxidic Irnx+ clusters which are strongly interacting with the SiOx-AlOx surface domains of the support material. Fundamental structure-functionality relationships unraveled in the current work may allow design of novel catalytic systems for aerospace monopropellant propulsion systems with higher performance by simultaneous exploitation of Ir active sites with different electronic properties