What's in a Word: “sovereignty” in the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation

The word “sovereignty” (суверенитет) played a crucial role in Russian political discourse during the second term of Vladimir Putin as the second President of Russia. The word formed part of a pair: “sovereign democracy” (cуверенная демократия), extracted by Vitaliy Tretyakov (2005) and Vladislav Surkov (2006), the ideologist of the regime, from Putin’s first six annual addresses to parliament to 2005. The discourse was encapsulated in the collection of articles, including Putin’s addresses and articles by Medvedev and others, published later in 2006 (Garadja, 2006). I explore these issues in my book on Russia (Bowring, 2013 b). This article explores the role played by “sovereignty in the legal discourse of the Chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Valeriy Zorkin. Mr Zorkin, born in 1943, has been a judge of the Court since its establishment in 1991. He served as Chairman from 1991 to 1993, when the Court was suspended after it declared unconstitutional Boris Yeltsin’s storming of the Supreme Soviet in the White House and, tearing up of the Constitution. He resumed his role as a judge of the Court in 1994, and in 2003 he was again elected Chairman, a post he still holds

Human rights and public education

This article attempts a contrast to the contribution by Hugh Starkey. Rather than his account of the inexorable rise of human rights discourse, and of the implementation of human rights standards, human rights are here presented as always and necessarily scandalous and highly contested. First, I explain why the UK has lagged so far behind its European neighbours in implementing citizenship education. Second, a comparison with France shows that the latest UK reforms bring us up to 1789. Third, the twentieth-century second-generation social and economic rights are still anathema in the UK. Fourth, the failure to come to terms with Empire and especially the slave trade means that the UK’s attitude to third-generation rights, especially the right of peoples to self-determination, is heavily compromised. Taking into account the points I raise, citizenship education in the UK might look very different

Pressurized rf cavities in ionizing beams

A muon collider or Higgs factory requires significant reduction of the six dimensional emittance of the beam prior to acceleration. One method to accomplish this involves building a cooling channel using high pressure gas filled radio frequency cavities. The performance of such a cavity when subjected to an intense particle beam must be investigated before this technology can be validated. To this end, a high pressure gas filled radio frequency (rf) test cell was built and placed in a 400 MeV beam line from the Fermilab linac to study the plasma evolution and its effect on the cavity. Hydrogen, deuterium, helium and nitrogen gases were studied. Additionally, sulfur hexafluoride and dry air were used as dopants to aid in the removal of plasma electrons. Measurements were made using a variety of beam intensities, gas pressures, dopant concentrations, and cavity rf electric fields, both with and without a 3 T external solenoidal magnetic field. Energy dissipation per electron-ion pair, electron-ion recombination rates, ion-ion recombination rates, and electron attachment times to SF6 and O-2 were measured.ope

Chemostratigraphy of Neoproterozoic carbonates: implications for 'blind dating'

The delta C-13(carb) and Sr-87/Sr-86 secular variations in Neoproteozoic seawater have been used for the purpose of 'isotope stratigraphy' but there are a number of problems that can preclude its routine use. In particular, it cannot be used with confidence for 'blind dating'. The compilation of isotopic data on carbonate rocks reveals a high level of inconsistency between various carbon isotope age curves constructed for Neoproteozoic seawater, caused by a relatively high frequency of both global and local delta C-13(carb) fluctuations combined with few reliable age determinations. Further complication is caused by the unresolved problem as to whether two or four glaciations, and associated negative delta C-13(carb) excursions, can be reliably documented. Carbon isotope stratigraphy cannot be used alone for geological correlation and 'blind dating'. Strontium isotope stratigraphy is a more reliable and precise tool for stratigraphic correlations and indirect age determinations. Combining strontium and carbon isotope stratigraphy, several discrete ages within the 590-544 Myr interval, and two age-groups at 660-610 and 740-690 Myr can be resolved

Charged kaon lifetime at KLOE

Preliminary result on the charged kaon lifetime, obtained by the KLOE experiment operating at DA$\Phi$NE, the Frascati $\phi$-factory, is presentedComment: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of 42nd Rencontres de Moriond on Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories, La Thuile, Aosta Valley, Italy, 10-17 Mar 200

Measurements of the Absolute Branching Ratios for the Dominant KL Decays, the KL Lifetime, and Vus with the KLOE Detector

From a sample of about 10^9 Phi mesons produced at DAFNE, we have selected KL mesons tagged by observing KS->pi+pi- decays. We present results on the major KL branching ratios, including those of the semileptonic decays needed for the determination of Vus. These branching ratio measurements are fully inclusive with respect to final-state radiation. The KL lifetime has also been measured.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett.

Determination of CP and CPT violation parameters in the neutral kaon system using the Bell-Steinberger relation and data from the KLOE experiment

We present an improved determination of the CP and CPT violation parameters Re(epsilon) and Im(delta) based on the unitarity condition (Bell-Steinberger relation) and on recent results from the KLOE experiment. We find Re(epsilon) = (159.6 \pm 1.3)10^-5 and Im(delta) = (0.4 \pm 2.1)10^-5, consistent with no CPT violation.Comment: Submitted to JHE

A direct search for the CP-violating decay Ks->3p^0 with the KLOE detector at DAFNE

We have searched for the decay Ks->3p^0 with the KLOE experiment at DAFNE using data from e^+ e^- collisions at a center of mass energy W= m(phi) for an integrated luminosity L=450 pb^-1. The search has been performed with a pure Ks beam obtained by tagging with Kl interactions in the calorimeter and detecting six photons. We find an upper limit for the branching ratio of 1.2x10^-7 at 90% C.L.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures. To be submitted to Physics Letter

Measurement of the pseudoscalar mixing angle and η′\eta^{\prime} gluonium content with KLOE detector

We have measured the ratio $R_{\phi}=BR(\phi \to \eta^{\prime} \gamma)/BR(\phi \to \eta \gamma)$ by looking for the radiative decays $\phi \to \eta^{\prime} \gamma$ and $\phi \to \eta \gamma$ in the final states $\pi^+\pi^-$ 7 $\gamma$'s and 7 $\gamma$'s respectively, in a sample of $\sim 1.3\cdot 10^{9}$ $\phi$ mesons produced at the Frascati $\phi$-factory. We obtain $R_{\phi}=(4.77\pm0.09_{stat}\pm0.19_{sys})\cdot 10^{-3}$ from which we derive $BR(\phi \to \eta^{\prime} \gamma)=(6.20\pm0.11_{stat}\pm0.25_{sys})\cdot 10^{-5}$. In the hypothesis of no gluonium content we extract the pseudoscalar mixing angle in the quark-flavor basis $\phi_P=(41.4\pm0.3_{stat}\pm0.7_{sys}\pm0.6_{th})^{\circ}$. Combining the value of $R_{\phi}$ with other constraints, we estimate the gluonium fractional content of $\eta^{\prime}$ meson as $Z^2 = 0.14\pm0.04$ and the mixing angle $\phi_P = (39.7\pm0.7)^{\circ}$.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure