Studi Potensiometri dalam Membran Cair Berpendukung Ptfe dengan Amina Sekunder sebagai Pengemban dalam Upaya Penentuan Penisilin

Penisilin G atau benzilpenisilin merupakan antibiotik yang dihasilkan oleh jamur Penicillium notatum. Antibiotik ini merupakan jenis obat yang sering digunakan untuk pengobatan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri aerob dan anaerob. Penentuan kadar dari penisilin dalam sediaan farmasi biasanya diwajibkan untukdilakukan dalam upaya menjaga kualitas sediaan farmasi yang dihasilkan. Elektroda selektif ion (ESI) merupakan sensor elektrokimia potensiometri yang berfungsi sebagai pengesan keberadaan dan kuantitas analit dan banyak digunakan karena selektif, peka, akurat dan batas deteksinya cukup rendah. Berdasarkan penelusuran metoda analisis untuk penisilin diketahui bahwa penentuan penisilin menggunakan elektroda selektif dalam membran cair berpendukung PTFE dengan amina sekunder sebagai pengemban belum pernahdilakukan. Agar respon potensiometri dari ESI yang dihasilkan dapat diprediksi dan ditingkatkan sensitivitas dan selektivitasnya, maka diperlukan studi potensiometrik dalam membran untuk memahami proses kinetika transfer muatan yang terjadi pada antarmuka larutan-membran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat ESI penisilin dalam membran cair berpendukung PTFE menggunakan amina sekunder sebagai pengemban yang memiliki karakteristik optimal untuk pengukuran analisis. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil: terdapat hubungan linier antara potensial dengan konsentrasi analit melalui pengukuran potensial membran pada arus nol. Dari karakterisasi non transport diketahui terjadi proses swelling pada membran yang telahdiimpregnasi amina sekunder dengan volume efektif membran yang terisi pelarut sebesar 12,7%. Transport ion penisilin ke dan dari membran dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan konsentrasi dan pH. Dari hasil penelitian ini, terlihatadanya peluang bagi membran cair berpendukung PTFE dengan amina sekunder sebagai pengemban untuk digunakan sebagai sensor potensiometri pada penentuan penisilin

Clinico Pathological Review of Adnexal Masses in Children and Adolescents at a University Hospital

Not Availabl

Collaborative Environment as a Means of Forming Success of a Future Teacher of Elementary Classes in Project Activity

Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine whether future elementary school teachers are successful in project activities and whether a properly organised collaborative environment affects the outcome of project activities. Background: In conditions when a person is the most important value and main capital of a society, the goal and product of the educational system should be human intelligence and personality. Therefore, for domestic education today, the issue of raising the status of the teaching profession and the modernisation of teacher education has become serious. The article reveals the problem of the successful formation of a future primary school teacher in project activities through a collaborative environment. The authors define the concepts of "project activity", "the success of the future primary school teacher in project activity", "projec", "collaborative environment". Method: The methodology for organising a collaborative environment in project activities is determined. The study involved two groups; the sample was 107 pupils. Results: A programme for diagnosing the successful formation of a future primary school teacher in project activities is presented. Criteria, indicators (motivational, cognitive, activity) and levels of success formation of the future primary school teacher in project activities (intuitive, reproductive, creative) are defined. Conclusion: As part of the study, the authors determined that a collaborative environment is an effective means of success for a future primary school teacher in design. A collaborative environment was defined as the collaboration of a teacher and pupils in solving a problem, completing a task, or creating a product

Is Risk Malignancy Index a Useful Tool for Predicting Malignant Ovarian Masses in Developing Countries?

Introduction. Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) is widely studied for prediction of malignant pelvic masses in Western population. However, little is known regarding its implication in the developing countries. The objective of this study is to determine how accurately the RMI can predict the malignant pelvic masses. Materials and Methods. The study is a retrospective review of patients attending the gynecological clinic between January 2004 and December 2008 with adnexal masses. Information on demographic characteristics, ultrasound findings, menopausal status, CA125, and histopathology was collected. RMI score for each patient in the study group was calculated. Results. The study group included a total of 283 patients. Analysis of the individual parameters of RMI revealed that ultrasound was the best predictor of malignancy with a sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of 78.3%, 81.5%, and 4.2, respectively. At a standard cut-off value of 250, RMI had a positive likelihood ratio of 8.1, while it was 6.8 at a cut-off of 200, albeit with comparable sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. RMI is a sensitive tool in predicting malignant adnexal masses. A cut-off of 200 may be suitable in developing countries for triaging and early referral to tertiary care centers

Information Technologies for Assessing the Quality of IT-specialties Graduates' Training of University by Means of Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks

The information technologies for assessing the quality of IT-specialties graduates' training of university by means of fuzzy logic and neural networks are developed in the article. It makes possible taking into account a wide set of estimation and output parameters, influence of the external and internal factors and allows to simplify the assessing process by means of modern mathematical apparatuses of artificial intelligence

Major depression, fibromyalgia and labour force participation: A population-based cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have documented an elevated frequency of depressive symptoms and disorders in fibromyalgia, but have not examined the association between this comorbidity and occupational status. The purpose of this study was to describe these epidemiological associations using a national probability sample. METHODS: Data from iteration 1.1 of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were used. The CCHS 1.1 was a large-scale national general health survey. The prevalence of major depression in subjects reporting that they had been diagnosed with fibromyalgia by a health professional was estimated, and then stratified by demographic variables. Logistic regression models predicting labour force participation were also examined. RESULTS: The annual prevalence of major depression was three times higher in subjects with fibromyalgia: 22.2% (95% CI 19.4 – 24.9), than in those without this condition: 7.2% (95% CI 7.0 – 7.4). The association persisted despite stratification for demographic variables. Logistic regression models predicting labour force participation indicated that both conditions had an independent (negative) effect on labour force participation. CONCLUSION: Fibromyalgia and major depression commonly co-occur and may be related to each other at a pathophysiological level. However, each syndrome is independently and negatively associated with labour force participation. A strength of this study is that it was conducted in a large probability sample from the general population. The main limitations are its cross-sectional nature, and its reliance on self-reported diagnoses of fibromyalgia

Palomar Gattini-IR: Survey overview, data processing system, on-sky performance and first results

Palomar Gattini-IR is a new wide-field, near-infrared (NIR) robotic time domain survey operating at Palomar Observatory. Using a 30 cm telescope mounted with a H2RG detector, Gattini-IR achieves a field of view (FOV) of 25 sq. deg. with a pixel scale of 8.”7 in J-band. Here, we describe the system design, survey operations, data processing system and on-sky performance of Palomar Gattini-IR. As a part of the nominal survey, Gattini-IR scans ≈7500 square degrees of the sky every night to a median 5σ depth of 15.7 AB mag outside the Galactic plane. The survey covers ≈15,000 square degrees of the sky visible from Palomar with a median cadence of 2 days. A real-time data processing system produces stacked science images from dithered raw images taken on sky, together with point-spread function (PSF)-fit source catalogs and transient candidates identified from subtractions within a median delay of ≈4 hr from the time of observation. The calibrated data products achieve an astrometric accuracy (rms) of ≈0.”7 with respect to Gaia DR2 for sources with signal-to-noise ratio > 10, and better than ≈0.”35 for sources brighter than ≈12 Vega mag. The photometric accuracy (rms) achieved in the PSF-fit source catalogs is better than ≈3% for sources brighter than ≈12 Vega mag and fainter than the saturation magnitude of ≈8.5 Vega mag, as calibrated against the Two Micron All Sky Survey catalog. The detection efficiency of transient candidates injected into the images is better than 90% for sources brighter than the 5σ limiting magnitude. The photometric recovery precision of injected sources is 3% for sources brighter than 13 mag, and the astrometric recovery rms is ≈0.”9. Reference images generated by stacking several field visits achieve depths of ≳16.5 AB mag over 60% of the sky, while it is limited by confusion in the Galactic plane. With a FOV ≈40× larger than any other existing NIR imaging instrument, Gattini-IR is probing the reddest and dustiest transients in the local universe such as dust obscured supernovae in nearby galaxies, novae behind large columns of extinction within the galaxy, reddened microlensing events in the Galactic plane and variability from cool and dust obscured stars. We present results from transients and variables identified since the start of the commissioning period

A controlled trial of mental illness related stigma training for medical students

Article deposited according to agreement with BMC, December 6, 2010.YesFunding provided by the Open Access Authors Fund