Hemmende Wirkung der Gamma-Bestrahlung auf die Kallusbildung der Reben

Kurzmitteilun

Postoperative Heparin-Mediated Extracorporeal Low-Density Lipoprotein Fibrinogen Precipitation Aphaeresis Prevents Early Graft Occlusion after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Background Early graft occlusion due to thromboembolic events is a well-known complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Fibrinogen, the coagulation factor I, is a glycoprotein that is transformed by thrombin into fibrin. It plays amajor role in thrombus formation and is highly elevated after CABG. Our aim was to determine if postoperative lowering of fibrinogen levels by H.E.L.P. (heparin-mediated extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein [LDL] fibrinogen precipitation) aphaeresis could reduce the rate of early graft occlusion in patients with hypercholesterolemia undergoing CABG. Methods Between December 2004 and September 2009, 36 male patients with hypercholesterolemia (mean LDL cholesterol 128 +/- 12 mg/dL), mean age 58 +/- 9 years, underwent CABG. Mean preoperative fibrinogen level was 387 +/- 17 mg/dL. H.E.L.P. aphaeresis was postoperatively performed when fibrinogen levels exceeded 350 mg/dL on day 1 and 250 mg/dL every consecutive day up to day 8. Pre- and postaphaeresis blood samples were obtained and plasma fibrinogen level reduction was calculated. Early graft occlusion was evaluated by means of coronary angiography or multislice computed tomography before discharge. Results A total of 128 distal anastomoses were performed in 36 patients (mean 3.6/patient). Postoperatively, 191 H.E.L.P. aphaeresis sessions were performed (mean 5.3/patient). Fibrinogen levels were lowered from 391 +/- 10 mg/dL (preaphaeresis) to 171 +/- 5 mg/dL (postaphaeresis;p < 0.001). Coronary angiography (multislice computed tomography in 7 patients) revealed graft patency in 125 of 128 grafts (98% patency) with three occluded venous grafts to target vessels of 1.5 mm. H.E.L.P. aphaeresis-related complications were limited to hypotensive episodes in two patients and bacteremia in one patient. Conclusions H.E.L.P. apheresis offers an easy, save, and efficient method to decrease fibrinogen postoperatively in patients having CABG. Showing excellent graft patency rates in comparison to the literature, this method is a promising tool to reduce early graft occlusion after CABG

Postoperative Heparin-Mediated Extracorporeal Low-Density Lipoprotein Fibrinogen Precipitation Aphaeresis Prevents Early Graft Occlusion after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Background Early graft occlusion due to thromboembolic events is a well-known complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Fibrinogen, the coagulation factor I, is a glycoprotein that is transformed by thrombin into fibrin. It plays amajor role in thrombus formation and is highly elevated after CABG. Our aim was to determine if postoperative lowering of fibrinogen levels by H.E.L.P. (heparin-mediated extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein [LDL] fibrinogen precipitation) aphaeresis could reduce the rate of early graft occlusion in patients with hypercholesterolemia undergoing CABG. Methods Between December 2004 and September 2009, 36 male patients with hypercholesterolemia (mean LDL cholesterol 128 +/- 12 mg/dL), mean age 58 +/- 9 years, underwent CABG. Mean preoperative fibrinogen level was 387 +/- 17 mg/dL. H.E.L.P. aphaeresis was postoperatively performed when fibrinogen levels exceeded 350 mg/dL on day 1 and 250 mg/dL every consecutive day up to day 8. Pre- and postaphaeresis blood samples were obtained and plasma fibrinogen level reduction was calculated. Early graft occlusion was evaluated by means of coronary angiography or multislice computed tomography before discharge. Results A total of 128 distal anastomoses were performed in 36 patients (mean 3.6/patient). Postoperatively, 191 H.E.L.P. aphaeresis sessions were performed (mean 5.3/patient). Fibrinogen levels were lowered from 391 +/- 10 mg/dL (preaphaeresis) to 171 +/- 5 mg/dL (postaphaeresis;p < 0.001). Coronary angiography (multislice computed tomography in 7 patients) revealed graft patency in 125 of 128 grafts (98% patency) with three occluded venous grafts to target vessels of 1.5 mm. H.E.L.P. aphaeresis-related complications were limited to hypotensive episodes in two patients and bacteremia in one patient. Conclusions H.E.L.P. apheresis offers an easy, save, and efficient method to decrease fibrinogen postoperatively in patients having CABG. Showing excellent graft patency rates in comparison to the literature, this method is a promising tool to reduce early graft occlusion after CABG

Doses de nitrogênio na qualidade de grãos de arroz irrigado.

Objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar a influência de doses de N em cobertura sobre a qualidade dos grãos da cultivar BRS Tropical de arroz irrigado

Qualidade de grãos de arroz irrigado influenciada pelo manejo de nitrogênio baseado no uso do clorofilômetro.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência de doses de N em cobertura baseadas no uso do clorofilômetro sobre qualidade dos grãos da cultivar BRS Tropical de arroz irrigado

Use of automation for feed intake estimation, weight gain and feed efficiency in beef catle.

The objective of this study was to verify the correlation of residual feed intake, gain and body weight variables obtained by traditional weighing methods and daily weighing using an automated scale, in feed efficiency tests, also verify the feasibility of reducing the duration of the test using the automated system, identifying the amount of minimum and adequate days for accurate measurement of residual feed intake, weight gain, dry matter intake and ratio conversion. The number of bulls used was 44, not castrated and aged between 18 and 21 months. The test had a duration of 70 days, with an initial weighing, four intermediate and final weighing. The animals were also weighed daily by means of electronic scales coupled to drinking fountains. The variables measured to generate the feed efficiency information (FE) were: dry matter intake (DMI); average daily gain (ADG); live weight (LW); subcutaneous fat thickness and, later, residual feed intake (kg/day). Averages test was performed for initial and final weight characteristics, ADG, RC and FE for the two scales. Correlations were made between the weights from the traditional and automated scale, considering the six weighings by the traditional balance during the efficiency test and automated weighing. To verify the possible reduction of time for food efficiency tests, using the automated weighing system, the variables of RFI, BW, ADG and DMI were grouped, obtaining an average value every four days. Thus, from the sequential information of the four characteristics, the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were generated in relation to the final information (70th day) for the same characteristics and their variations. No differences were found between means of the two scales for initial and final weights, RC and FE, only for ADG. The Pearson and Spearman correlations of the RFI between the values obtained by weighing using the traditional and automated scale were, respectively, 0.75 and 0.76. The slopes of the lines for weights between the two scales were statistically similar. To reduce the test time, considering the reduction of the variances and the correlation coefficients, it is recommended that for the characteristics of ADG and RC it is possible to reduce to 58 days, for DMI 38 days and for RFI 34 days. The use of automated scale can serve as an option for RFI information in food efficiency tests

An analysis of innovation in textile companies: an efficiency approach

[EN] The elimination of trade contingency measures in 2005 triggered a process of renewal in the textile sector, requiring major investments. The divide between efficiency and innovation has become an issue of major importance for decision-making in the Spanish textile sector. This study provides quantitative data on the efficiency levels of innovative Spanish textile companies. The aim is to identify their distinguishing features and establish a possible pattern to follow. In addition, truncated regression is used to estimate the determinants of efficiency, in order to check the significance of innovation processes for firms.Puertas Medina, RM.; Martí Selva, ML.; Calafat Marzal, MC. (2020). An analysis of innovation in textile companies: an efficiency approach. Bulletin of Economic Research (Online). 72(1):63-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12210S6376721Banker, R. D., Charnes, A., & Cooper, W. W. (1984). Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Management Science, 30(9), 1078-1092. doi:10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078Bastos F. &Nasir J.(2004).Productivity and the investment climate: What matters most?World Bank Policy Research Working Paper3335.Becker, S. O., & Egger, P. H. (2009). Endogenous product versus process innovation and a firm’s propensity to export. Empirical Economics, 44(1), 329-354. doi:10.1007/s00181-009-0322-6Beneito, P., Coscollá-Girona, P., Rochina-Barrachina, M. E., & Sanchis, A. (2015). Competitive Pressure and Innovation at the Firm Level. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 63(3), 422-457. doi:10.1111/joie.12079Bhandari, A. K., & Ray, S. C. (2011). TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN THE INDIAN TEXTILES INDUSTRY: A NON-PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FIRM-LEVEL DATA. Bulletin of Economic Research, 64(1), 109-124. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8586.2010.00381.xCassiman, B., Golovko, E., & Martínez-Ros, E. (2010). Innovation, exports and productivity. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 28(4), 372-376. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.03.005Crépon B. Duguet E. &Mairesse J.(1998).Research innovation and productivity an econometric analysis at the firm level. NBER Working Paper 6696.https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599800000031De Jorge-Moreno, J., & Rojas Carrasco, O. (2015). Technical efficiency and its determinants factors in Spanish textiles industry (2002-2009). Journal of Economic Studies, 42(3), 346-357. doi:10.1108/jes-06-2013-0085Diaz-Balteiro, L., Casimiro Herruzo, A., Martinez, M., & González-Pachón, J. (2006). An analysis of productive efficiency and innovation activity using DEA: An application to Spain’s wood-based industry. Forest Policy and Economics, 8(7), 762-773. doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2005.06.004Duch N.(2006).Posición competitiva y estrategias de las empresas catalanas. Análisis del Programa Créixer (2003–2005). Documents de treball. CIDEM. Generalitat de Catalunya.Goedhuys, M., & Veugelers, R. (2012). Innovation strategies, process and product innovations and growth: Firm-level evidence from Brazil. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(4), 516-529. doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2011.01.004Harrison, R., Jaumandreu, J., Mairesse, J., & Peters, B. (2014). Does innovation stimulate employment? A firm-level analysis using comparable micro-data from four European countries. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 35, 29-43. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2014.06.001Huergo, E., & Jaumandreu, J. (2004). Firms’ age, process innovation and productivity growth. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 22(4), 541-559. doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2003.12.002Kouliavtsev, M., Christoffersen, S., & Russel, P. (2006). Productivity, Scale and Efficiency in the U.S. Textile Industry. Empirical Economics, 32(1), 1-18. doi:10.1007/s00181-006-0069-2Sanchez R. &Diaz A.(2013).Are large innovative firms more efficient?MRPA Paper n° 44592.Sellers R. Nicolau J. L. &Mas F. J.(2002).Eficiencia en la distribución: Una aplicación en el sector de agencias de viaje. Working paper serie ED N°17. Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas. Retrieved fromhttp://hdl.handle.net/10045/23320Zheng J. Liu X. &Bigsten A.(2000).Efficiency Technical Progress and Best Practice in Chinese State Enterprises (1980–1994). Working Papers in Economics n 30 Department of Economics. Göteborg.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-5967(02)00010-

Correlation between residual feed intake and daily water intake in confined nellore bulls.

Identifying efficient animals is an alternative to reduce food costs and natural resources used in farming. The objective of this study was to identify the correlation between Residual Feed intake (RFI) and Daily Water Consumption (DWC) in Nellore cattle. The work was realized at Núcleo Regional of Embrapa Cerrados, in June, 2017. Were used 44 bulls, aged between 18 and 21 months and initial weight of 455 kg. The diet was given twice daily, with corn silage: concentrate of 60:40. Feed intake was obtained in the feeders of Intergado System. Daily water consumption was measured by water drinked in electronic drinking fountains coupled to the automatic scales (Intergado System TM) plus water from feed. The RFI was calculated by means of the difference between the observed dry matter intake (DMIobs) and the expected dry matter intake (DMIexp) based on live weight (LW) and average daily gain (ADG). The descriptive statistics, comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% probability and Pearson correlations for the study traits were performed using software R (version 3.3.2). Groups of high, low and mean RFI were formed with one Standar Desviation of the mean RFI. The water consumption averaged 38.9 L / day, with a standard deviation of 6.1 L / d, and a minimum value of 30.0 and a maximum of 62.2 L / day. The RFI had zero and standard deviation of 1.01 kg / d, with a minimum value of -2.38 and a maximum of 2.7. The correlation between RFI and DWC was .24, being considered of low magnitude. It was not observed differences between RFI groups, with means of 37.0, 38.8 and 42.3 L / d, respectively, to Low, Medium and High RFI Groups. We concluded that water intake was not correlated with RFI in Nellore bulls confined in the early dry season of Brazil