43 research outputs found
2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.
Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales. Archives of Virology (2021) 166:3567â3579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05266-wIn March 2021, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by four families (Aliusviridae, Crepuscuviridae, Myriaviridae, and Natareviridae), three subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae), 42 genera, and 200 species. Thirty-nine species were renamed and/or moved and seven species were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This work was also supported in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. 75N91019D00024, Task Order No. 75N91019F00130 to I.C., who was supported by the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC-15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S&T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, a federally funded research and development center operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative of Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Part of this work was supported by the Francis Crick Institute which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001030), the UK Medical Research Council (FC001030), and the Wellcome Trust (FC001030).S
Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota)
55 PĂĄg.In April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new genera, and 140 new species. Two genera and 538 species were renamed. One species was moved, and four were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through the Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infec tious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. U.J.B. was supported by the Division of Intramural Resarch, NIAID. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S and T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Centre, a federally funded research and development centre operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowl edges support from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project, under Accession Number 1021494. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of the Army, the U.S. Department of Defence, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, including the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S and T), or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. In no event shall any of these entities have any responsibility or liability for any use, misuse, inability to use, or reliance upon the information contained herein. The U.S. departments do not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S.Government retains a non-exclusive, paid up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.Peer reviewe
Kiffen
Wenn ihr Kind kifft, sind viele Eltern in Sorge. Wie gefĂ€hrlich ist kiffen und wie soll man reagieren? Guter Rat ist gefragt. GrundsĂ€tzlich kommt es bei einer RisikogefĂ€hrdung immer auf die Person selbst und ihre psychische Konstellation an. Es gilt jedoch: Je jĂŒnger, je intensiver und je lĂ€nger jemand regelmĂ€ssig kifft, desto grösser wird das Risiko einer SchĂ€digung
Model Transformations? Transformation Models!
Abstract. Much of the current work on model transformations seems essentially operational and executable in nature. Executable descriptions are necessary from the point of view of implementation. But from a conceptual point of view, transformations can also be viewed as descriptive models by stating only the properties a transformation has to fulfill and by omitting execution details. This contribution discusses the view that model transformations can be abstracted as being transformation models. As a simple example for a transformation model, the well-known transformation from the Entity-Relationship model to the Relational model is shown. A transformation model in this contribution is nothing more than an ordinary, simple model, i.e., a UML/MOF class diagram together with OCL constraints. A transformation model may transport syntax and semantics of the described domain. The contribution thus covers two views on transformations: An operational model transformation view and a descriptive transformation model view.
La Guerre froide vue dâen bas
Est-il concevable quâune pĂ©riode historique longue de quarante ans, qui vit sâinstaurer un systĂšme bipolaire au niveau mondial, entraĂźnant la planĂšte dans une grille de lecture du monde manichĂ©enne, nâait trouvĂ© aucun Ă©cho dans les communes et les dĂ©partements français ? Peut-on au contraire imaginer dĂ©couvrir quelques traces de ce conflit gĂ©opolitique dans les comportements politiques et les pratiques culturelles qui se sont dĂ©ployĂ©s aux Ă©chelons infranationaux ? Ce sont ces deux questions, faussement naĂŻves, auxquelles cet ouvrage se propose de rĂ©pondre. AdossĂ©e au rĂ©seau des correspondants de lâInstitut dâHistoire du Temps PrĂ©sent (CNRS), pluridisciplinaire dans ses approches, lâenquĂȘte collective est portĂ©e par une double ambition : retrouver de la Guerre froide ailleurs que lĂ oĂč elle est communĂ©ment situĂ©e et interprĂ©tĂ©e, repĂ©rer une autre Guerre froide que celle Ă©laborĂ©e par les seuls acteurs des relations internationales. Vue dâen bas, quelle Guerre froide rencontre-t-on ? Est-elle au moins encore guerriĂšre
Chantiers et matériaux de construction
Les quinze communications regroupĂ©es dans cet ouvrage confrontent les donnĂ©es provenant des sites archĂ©ologiques Ă celles tirĂ©es de chantiers spĂ©cialisĂ©s dans lâexpĂ©rimentation de la construction et dans la restauration de monuments. Dans le domaine de lâarchĂ©ologie du bĂąti, la lecture des vestiges conduit Ă la dĂ©construction mentale des Ă©lĂ©vations afin de restituer les phases dâoccupation dâun bĂątiment. Elle consiste aussi Ă distinguer les Ă©tapes de construction inhĂ©rentes Ă tout chantier, quels que soient les pĂ©riodes et les lieux, en Orient comme en Occident. Il sâagit donc dâadopter une mĂ©thode dâanalyse rĂ©gressive pour renseigner les pĂ©riodes anciennes Ă partir dâexemples rĂ©cents de chantiers bien documentĂ©s. Si la notion de progrĂšs existe Ă travers lâĂ©volution de la science et des techniques modernes, le chantier mĂ©diĂ©val de construction du chĂąteau de GuĂ©delon permet, par lâexpĂ©rimentation, de retrouver des savoir-faire hĂ©ritĂ©s du passĂ©