Managing disorganization in a disaster case

This thesis has five main goals. The first goal is to attempt to replicate the system dynamics model “The essence of transformation in a selforganizing team“ by Tu et al, with the modelling tool Vensim. “The essence of transformation in a selforganizing team“ deals with managing disorganizing using imperical data from the Palau Case. The other four goals include a review of Tu et al.’s model, implementing proposals for improvement, expressing the implications for the model for better crisis management, and if real data can be found describe a different case of emergency management. We approached this problem by reviewing and testing Tu et al.’s iThink model, and replicated it into a Vensim model. The equations were tested and applied the correct unit and polarity. The model was also simplified by removing unnecessary equations and the model was applied to a new crisis case (Hatlestad case). Our results show that our simplified model can be used in disaster planning, with only minor changes to the variables other disaster cases where the situation goes from chaos to control can be modelled

""Frisk, men likevel ikke som før-"" : slagrammedes erfaringer etter hjerneslag og trombolytisk behandling

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Consequences of war-related traumatic stress among Palestinian young people in the Gaza Strip: A scoping review

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Background: The long-standing Israeli–Palestinian conflict has escalated since the beginning of the 20th century, resulting in a humanitarian crisis in Palestine. It has caused significant psychological and social suffering, particularly children and young people. Objectives: Firstly, to identify and synthesize the existing knowledge available in peer review articles about the consequences of war-related trauma reactions among young people, and secondly to investigate the mechanisms of resilience in the context of Gaza Strip. Methods: The review follows Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework, including a systematic search of eight databases. Relevant studies were assessed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The identified studies used various measurement tools and instruments to assess mental health outcomes, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and resilience. War-related traumatic ex periences were common among children. The determinants of traumatic stress that increased the of mental health problems were also identified, including exposure to violence and destruction, loss of family members and friends. Resilience and coping mechanisms have a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact of war-related trauma. Conclusion: The mental health of children and young people in the Gaza Strip is a pressing public health concern, particularly PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Nonetheless, more qualitative research is required to address existing knowledge gaps and improve the available mental health service. This study could provide valuable insights for creating interventions and support services that are culturally tailored.publishedVersio

The intronic BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A variant causing partly skipping of exon 23—a likely pathogenic variant with reduced penetrance?

Rare sequence variants in the non-coding part of the BRCA genes are often reported as variants of uncertain significance (VUS), which leave patients and doctors in a challenging position. The aim of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of the BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A variant found in 20 families from Norway, France and United States with suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. This was done by combining clinical and family information with allele frequency data, and assessment of the variant’s effect on mRNA splicing. Mean age at breast (n = 12) and ovarian (n = 11) cancer diagnosis in female carriers was 49.9 and 60.4 years, respectively. The mean Manchester score in the 20 families was 16.4. The allele frequency of BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A was 1/64,566 in non-Finnish Europeans (gnomAD database v2.1.1). We found the variant in 1/400 anonymous Norwegian blood donors and 0/784 in-house exomes. Sequencing of patient-derived cDNA from blood, normal breast and ovarian tissue showed that BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A leads to skipping of exon 23, resulting in frameshift and protein truncation: p.(Gly1803GlnfsTer11). Western blot analysis of transiently expressed BRCA1 proteins in HeLa cells showed a reduced amount of the truncated protein compared with wild type. Noteworthily, we found that a small amount of full-length transcript was also generated from the c.5407-25T>A allele, potentially explaining the intermediate cancer burden in families carrying this variant. In summary, our results show that BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A leads to partial skipping of exon 23, and could represent a likely pathogenic variant with reduced penetrance.publishedVersio

HYPSO-1 CubeSat: First Images and In-Orbit Characterization

The HYPSO-1 satellite, a 6U CubeSat carrying a hyperspectral imager, was launched on 13 January 2022, with the Goal of imaging ocean color in support of marine research. This article describes the development and current status of the mission and payload operations, including examples of agile planning, captures with low revisit time and time series acquired during a campaign. The in-orbit performance of the hyperspectral instrument is also characterized. The usable spectral range of the instrument is in the range of 430 nm to 800 nm over 120 bands after binning during nominal captures. The spatial resolvability is found empirically to be below 2.2 pixels in terms of Full-Width at Half-Maximum (FWHM) at 565 nm. This measure corresponds to an inherent ground resolvable resolution of 142 m across-track for close to nadir capture. In the across-track direction, there are 1216 pixels available, which gives a swath width of 70 km. However, the 684 center pixels are used for nominal captures. With the nominal pixels used in the across-track direction, the nadir swath-width is 40 km. The spectral resolution in terms of FWHM is estimated to be close to 5 nm at the center wavelength of 600 nm, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is evaluated to be greater than 300 at 450 nm to 500 nm for Top-of-Atmosphere (ToA) signals. Examples of images from the first months of operations are also shown.publishedVersio

Housing system and herd size interactions in Norwegian dairy herds; associations with performance and disease incidence

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>According to the Norwegian animal welfare regulations, it has been forbidden to build new tie-stall barns since the end of 2004. Previous studies have shown that cow performance and health differ between housing systems. The interaction between housing system and herd size with respect to performance and disease incidence has not been evaluated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cow performance and health in 620 herds housed in free-stall barns were compared with in 192 herds housed in tie-stall barns based on a mail survey and data from the Norwegian Dairy Herd Recording and Cattle Health Systems. The housing systems herds were comparable with respect to herd size (15-55 cows). Associations between performance/disease incidence and housing system, herd size and year of building the cow barn were tested in general linear models, and values for fixed herd size of 20 and 50 cows were calculated. On the individual cow level mixed models were run to test the effect of among others housing system and herd size on test-day milk yield, and to evaluate lactation curves in different parities. All cows were of the Norwegian Red Breed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Average milk production per cow-year was 134 kg lower in free-stall herd than in tie-stall herds, but in the range 27-45 cows there was no significant difference in yields between the herd categories. In herds with less than 27 cows there were increasingly lower yields in free-stalls, particularly in first parity, whereas the yields were increasingly higher in free-stalls with more than 45 cows.</p> <p>In free-stalls fertility was better, calving interval shorter, and the incidence rate of teat injuries, ketosis, indigestions, anoestrus and cystic ovaries was lower than in tie-stalls. All of these factors were more favourable in estimated 50-cow herds as compared to 20-cow herds. In the larger herd category, bulk milk somatic cell counts were higher, and the incidence rate of mastitis (all cases) and all diseases was lower.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study has shown that there is an interaction between housing system and herd size, and that performance and health is not universally better in small free-stalls than in tie-stalls.</p

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Analyse av strukturerte spareprodukt : et Kinderegg for banknæringen?

Strukturerte spareprodukt består typisk av et garantielement og et avkastningselement. Garantielementet sikrer at du ikke taper sparepengene dine, mens avkastningselementet skal gi deg avkastning knyttet til en markedsvariabel som for eksempel en aksjeindeks. Produktene har blitt svært populære blant private småsparere. En viktig grunn til dette er nok en utbredt forestilling om at investor får både i pose og sekk; like god avkastning som aksjemarkedet og like sikkert som banken. Finansekspertene har ikke vært like begeistret, og omtaler produktene som dyre, uoversiktlige og med dårlige avkastningsmuligheter. Denne rapporten viser at kundene typisk betaler 8 - 10 % i samlede gebyr, noe som gjerne er 2 - 4 % høyere enn det som opplyses om i prospektet. Forventet avkastning er 1 - 2 % per år ved egenkapitalfinansiering før tegningsgebyrene tas hensyn til. En kunde som velger full lånefinansiering og betaler de høyeste tegningsgebyrene og kan forvente å tape penger på investeringen sin. Dette viser at mine analyser langt på vei støtter kritikken fra ekspertene