A Study on Educational Philosophies Adopted by Teachers: The Case of Eskişehir

In this study, it is aimed to determine the educational philosophies adopted by the teachers working within the borders of Eskişehir on the basis of gender, branch, school type, and teaching experience. This study was carried out using the survey model, one of the quantitative research methods. Research data were obtained by reaching a total of 492 teachers in the 2020-2021 academic year. Scale of Educational Thought and Applications (ETA) developed by Kumral (2014) was used as the data collection tool. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, independent samples t test, paired samples t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results revealed that the teachers were closer to the contemporary educational philosophy. In the evaluations made according to the gender variable, it is seen that the traditional educational philosophy scores of the teachers differed significantly (p=.008), while the contemporary educational philosophy scores did not differ (p=1.151). According to the branch variable, it is seen that the scores of the teachers from both traditional (p=.070) and contemporary educational philosophy (p=.436) do not differ statistically. According to the school type variable, it was determined that there was a significant difference in teachers' traditional educational philosophy scores (p=.030), while there was no significant difference in contemporary educational philosophy scores (p=.424). When evaluated according to the teaching experience variable, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the traditional educational philosophy scores of the teachers (p=.014), while there was no significant difference in the contemporary educational philosophy scores (p=.061)

The phytoremediation ability of a polyculture constructed wetland to treat boron from mine effluent

WOS: 000320288800017PubMed: 23500796This study focuses on describing the ability of a small-scale, subsurface-flow-polyculture-constructed wetland (PCW) to treat boron (B) mine effluent from the world's largest borax mine (Kirka, Turkey) under field conditions. This application is among the first effluent treatment methods of this type in both Turkey and the world. This study represents an important resource on how subsurface-flow-constructed wetlands could be used to treat B mine effluents in the field conditions. To this end, an experimental wetland was vegetated with common reed (Phragmites australis) and cattails (Typha latifolia), and mine effluent was moved through the wetland. The results of the present study show that B concentrations of the mine effluent decreased from 187 to 123 mg l(-1) (32% removal rate) on average. The T. latifolia individuals absorbed a total of 250 mg kg(-1) whereas P. australis in the PCW absorbed a total of 38 mg kg(-1) B during the research period. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Assessment of Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) as a potential ecological indicator for contaminated aquatic ecosystem by boron mine effluent

WOS: 000316580700052Duckweeds, as a group, are important early warning indicators for the assessment of contaminated ecosystems due to their propensity to accumulate pollutants. In the present study, we investigated the potential use of Lemna gibba L (Lemnaceae) as an ecological indicator for boron (B) mine effluent containing B concentration above 10 mg l(-1). For this purpose, L gibba fronds were grown for 7 days in simulated water contaminated with B mine effluent. The important note is that this study was carried out in Kirka (Eskisehir, Turkey) B reserve area, which is the largest borax reserve in all over the world, under natural climatic conditions in the field. The results demonstrated that accumulations of B by L. gibba gradually increased based on the initial B concentrations (10, 25, 50,100, and 150 mg l(-1)) of the mine effluent. B concentration in the dry weight of the plant reached 639 mg kg(-1) when the minimum initial dosage (10 mg l(-1)) was applied and 2711 mg kg(-1) when the maximum initial dosage (150 mg l(-1)) was applied during the study. However, significant reductions in their relative growth rates occurred in 50, 100 and 150 mg l(-1) initial B concentrations. Results suggest that 25 mg l(-1) B concentration in water seemed to be a sensitive endpoint for L. gibba that could be used as a critical bioindicator level of B contaminated water. Following our data, we also constructed a simple growth model under the climatic conditions in this region of Turkey, but in instructive as a worldwide model. L gibba is, therefore, suggested to be able to use as both an indicator and a phytoremediation tool because of its high accumulation capacity for B contaminated water. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Constructed wetlands as green tools for management of boron mine wastewater

WOS: 000325787600001PubMed: 24912241Constructed wetlands are of increasing interest worldwide given that they represent an eco-technological solution to many environmental problems such as wastewater treatment. Turkey possesses approximately 70% of the world's total boron (B) reserves, and B contamination occurs in both natural and cultivated sites throughout Turkey, particularly in the north-west of the country. This study analyzes B removal and plant uptake of B in pilot plots of subsurface horizontal-flow constructed wetlands. Constructed wetlands were vegetated with Typha latifolia (referred to as CW1) and Phragmites australis (referred to as CW2) to treat wastewater from a borax reserve in Turkey-the largest of its type in the world and were assessed under field conditions. The B concentrations of water inflows to the systems were determined to be 10.2, 28.2, 84.6, 232.3, 716.4, and 2019.1mg l(-1). The T. latifolia in the CW(1)treatment group absorbed a total of 1300mg kg(-1) B, whereas P. australis absorbed 839mg kg(-1). As a result, CW(1)had an average removal efficiency of 40.7%, while that of CW(2)was 27.2%. Our results suggest that constructed wetlands are an effective, economic and eco-friendly solution to treating B mine wastewater and controlling the adverse environmental effects of B mining

Toxicity assessment of boron (B) by Lemna minor L. and Lemna gibba L. and their possible use as model plants for ecological risk assessment of aquatic ecosystems with boron pollution

WOS: 000378452400001PubMed: 27192627As many of the metalloid-based pollutants, the boron (B) toxicity issues have aroused more and more global attentions, especially concerning drinking water sources which flow through boron-rich areas. Therefore, feasible and innovative approaches are required in order to assess B toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the toxic effects of B on Lemna minor L and Lemna gibba L were investigated using various endpoints including number of fronds, growth rates, dry biomass and antioxidants enzymatic activities. Lemna species were exposed to B concentrations of 2 (control), 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 mg L-1 for a test period of 7 days. The results demonstrated that plant growth was significantly reduced when the B concentration reached 16 mg L-1. Furthermore, our results also concluded that among the anti oxidative enzymes, SOD, APX and GPX can serve as important biomarkers for B-rich environment. The present results suggested that L. minor and L gibba are very useful model plants for phytoremediation of low-B contaminated wastewater and they are also suitable options for B biomonitoring due to high phototoxic sensitivity against B. In this respect, the scientific insight of the present study is to fill the gaps in the research about the use of L minor and L gibba in ecotoxicological research associated with B toxicity.Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey [1402F049]This work was financially supported by Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey (Project Number: 1402F049)

Phyto-management of boron mine effluent using native macrophytes in mono-culture and poly-culture constructed wetlands

WOS: 000381636400009Due to the high solubility of boron (B) compounds in mine effluent and its potential to cause teratogenic effects in the ecological components, the boron mine effluent pollution issues have aroused more and more global attentions, especially drinking waters source where flow through boron-enriched areas. In this study, mono-culture and poly-culture constructed wetlands (CWs) planted with native macrophytes, Typha angustifolia, Juncus gerardii, and Phragmites australis, were tested to phyto-management option of boron mine effluent under the natural climatic conditions in largest boron mine reserve area over the world. According to present results, higher bioconcentration factor (BCF) values were found as 2.095 and 2.828 for Typha angustifolia and J. gerardii growing in CWs during the experiment period. Therefore, T. angustifolia and J. gerardii seem to be the suitable species for phytoremediation of boron mine effluent. Among the native macrophytes, we found that J. gerardii in the mono-culture CW uptake higher than 1000 mg kg(-1) B from mine effluent during the study period. In this respect, J. could be a reasonable bio-filter option to control boron pollution directly from mining effluent outlets in boron mine reserve areas all over the world. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [113Y335]; Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey [1403F098]This work was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project Number: 113Y335) and Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey (Project Number: 1403F098). We thank to Dr. Beth Middleton in USGS (United States Geological Survey, National Wetland Research Center), Dr. Jan Vymazal (Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Science, Prague, Czech Republic) and Dr. Yi Chen (Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Science, Prague, Czech Republic) for their comments on of the manuscript and language improvement

Evaluation of an innovative approach based on prototype engineered wetland to control and manage boron (B) mine effluent pollution

WOS: 000384555200033PubMed: 27364490A major environmental problem associated with boron (B) mining in many parts of the world is B pollution, which can become a point source of B mine effluent pollution to aquatic habitats. In this study, a cost-effective, environment-friendly, and sustainable prototype engineered wetland was evaluated and tested to prevent B mine effluent from spilling into adjoining waterways in the largest B reserve in the world. According to the results, average B concentrations in mine effluent significantly decreased from 17.5 to 5.7 mg l(-1) after passing through the prototype with a hydraulic retention time of 14 days. The results of the present experiment, in which different doses of B had been introduced into the prototype, also demonstrated that Typha latifolia (selected as donor species in the prototype) showed a good resistance to alterations against B mine effluent loading rates. Moreover, we found that soil enzymes activities gradually decreased with increasing B dosages during the experiment. Boron mass balance model further showed that 60 % of total B was stored in the filtration media, and only 7 % of B was removed by plant uptake. Consequently, we suggested that application of the prototype in the vicinity of mining site may potentially become an innovative model and integral part of the overall landscape plan of B mine reserve areas worldwide.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [113Y335]; Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey [1403F098]This work was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (project number 113Y335) and Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey (project number 1403F098). We thank Dr. Beth Middleton in USGS (United States Geological Survey, National Wetland Research Center) for comments and language improvement on the earlier version of manuscript

Role of plants and vegetation structure on boron (B) removal process in constructed wetlands

WOS: 000369691900014In this study, we investigated the direct role of plants and vegetation composition on B removal pathways, as well as the effect of the presence of plants on physicochemical parameter of wastewater in the constructed wetlands (CWs) under natural climate conditions in the largest B reserve area all over the world. The results indicated that the maximum B removal was achieved by a monoculture CW planted with T. latifolia with average removal efficiency of 64%, while the lowest B removal efficiency (38.1% removal rate) was obtained by unplanted system in the experimental period. Therefore, we emphasized that the presence of plants in CWs can offer a positive effect on improving the quality of the wastewater due to direct uptake of B in tissues and influence filtering capacity, leading to higher levels of sorption or adsorption around the rhizosphere and sediment. The results also suggested that the cumulative effect of plants or vegetation on physicochemical parameter of wastewater (pH, EC, and DO) related to B removal cannot be significant. Furthermore, we found that the main B removal pathway in CW was sediment storage through a mass balance model, and plant has minor contribution to the overall removal of B in CWs.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [113Y335]; Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey [1403F098]This work was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project Number: 113Y335) and Scientific Research Funds of Anadolu University, Turkey (Project Number: 1403F098). We thank to Dr. Jan Vymazal in Czech University of Life Sciences (Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Science, Prague, Czech Republic) and Dr. Beth Middleton in USGS (United States Geological Survey, National Wet-land Research Center) for their comments on earlier versions of the manuscript and language improvement