Dandy-walker malformation (dwm): case report of a delayed presentation

Dandy-Walker Malformation (DWM); a group of posterior fossa malformation characterized by a cystic enlargement of posterior fossa with high lying torcula herophili (fetal position) and a hypoplastic vermis pushed and rotated superiorly by the cyst occurs in 1 in 25,000 1 – 35,000 live birth and accounts for 1 – 4 % of all Hydrocephalus seen within 3 months of birth. Case report: An 8-year-old girl from an orphanage who presented with a history of progressive head enlargement, delayed developmental milestones and poor vision. No history suggestive of raised intracranial pressure, differential limb weakness or associated congenital systemic anomalies. All fontanelles were fused. Muscle power was normal, globally spastic with brisk deep tendon reflexes. The eye examination revealed bilateral light perception only. Brain CT Scan revealed a large posterior fossa cyst, hydrocephalus and corpus callosum hypoplasia. The patient had a double shunt (ventriculoperitoneal and cysto - peritoneal). Currently on rehabilitation and can count fingers. Conclusion: Early identification and prompt intervention minimizes the neurological sequelae

Penetrasi Bank Asing dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kompetisi Perbankan yang Diukur dengan Pendekatan Conjectural Variation di Indonesia

This study examines the effect of foreign bank penetration on banking competition in Indonesia. Penetration of foreign banks is measured by using the ratio between total assets, total loans and total deposits of foreign banks to total assets, total loans and total deposits of the banking industry in Indonesia, such as those used by Levy and Micco (2007). Bank concentration is measured by using Concentration Ratio (CR3 and CR5) and the Herfindahl index. Bank competition is measured by using the Conjectural Variation approach as used by Cetorelli Angelini (2003). By using panel regression method with SUR (Seemingly Unrelated Regression) during 1998 to 2009, we found that the increase of foreign bank penetration will increase competition of banking in Indonesia through spillover effects on the domestic banking system. These results support the research of Jeon et al (2011)

Towards visualisation of central-cell-effects in scanning-tunnelling-microscope images of subsurface dopant qubits in silicon

Atomic-scale understanding of phosphorous donor wave functions underpins the design and optimisation of silicon based quantum devices. The accuracy of large-scale theoretical methods to compute donor wave functions is dependent on descriptions of central-cell-corrections, which are empirically fitted to match experimental binding energies, or other quantities associated with the global properties of the wave function. Direct approaches to understanding such effects in donor wave functions are of great interest. Here, we apply a comprehensive atomistic theoretical framework to compute scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) images of subsurface donor wave functions with two central-cell-correction formalisms previously employed in the literature. The comparison between central-cell models based on real-space image features and the Fourier transform profiles indicate that the central-cell effects are visible in the simulated STM images up to ten monolayers below the silicon surface. Our study motivates a future experimental investigation of the central-cell effects via STM imaging technique with potential of fine tuning theoretical models, which could play a vital role in the design of donor-based quantum systems in scalable quantum computer architectures.Comment: Nanoscale 201

Analisis Determinan Kemiskinan Sebelum dan Sesudah Desentralisasi Fiskal

Understanding about determinant factors of poverty will help policy maker to ensurethat the poor get benefit from the economic policy. In general, this study aim toanalyze the changes of determinant factors of poverty before and after theimplementation of fiscal decentralization. Using the model, this study found that incommunity factor there are some variables have change from 1999 to 2002. One ofthese variables is road infrastructure. In 2002 (after fiscal decentralization period),the quality of road was worse than before so the impact is the poverty was increase.This study shows that if both central and local government concern with povertyreduction then they have to notice some sectors such as agriculture, education, familyhealth, and infrastructure. These variables are the determinant factors of poverty

Characteristics of the surface soil ecosystem: Linkage to understanding soil dynamic functions

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Studies on biogas production from fruits and vegetable waste

Organic compounds decompose under anaerobic condition to yield biogas. This work presents results of the study on biogas production from fruits and vegetables waste materials and their effect on plants when used as fertilizer (Using digested and undigested sludge). It has been observed that the highest weekly individual production rate is recorded for the cow dung (control) slurry with average production of 1554 cm3, followed by pineapple waste which had 965 cm3 of biogas, then by orange waste which had 612cm3 of biogas, lastly, pumpkin and spinach wastes had 373 cm3 and 269 cm3 respectively. The results obtained shows that difference in the production of biogas to a large extent depends on the nature of the substrate. All the substrates used appeared to be good materials for biogas production and their spent slurries can be used as a source of plant nutrients. Key words: Biogas, Anaerobic digestion, Substrate, Vegetable waste, Cow dun

Fall Detection System with Accelerometer and Threshold-based Algorithm

Most presently available fall detection systems that are marketed for commercial use predominantly consist of wearable technologies. These technologies often involve a device positioned on the wrist, which may lead to the occurrence of false positive alerts due to the movements of the wrist. This paper proposed a fall detection system that aims to improve both reliability and cost-effectiveness. The system is designed to promptly inform surrounding individuals of their need for assistance in emergency situations. The fall detection system we propose consists of an accelerometer and a gyroscope, which collectively calculate acceleration, orientation, and various other motion characteristics. The resulting system demonstrated a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 85%, and an accuracy of 87.5%

Models for Count Data in the Presence of Outliers and/or Excess Zero

Violations of Poisson assumptions usually result in overdispersion, where the variance of the model exceeds the value of the mean. Excess or (deficiency) of zero counts result in overdispersion. Violations of equidispersion indicate correlation in the data, which affect standard errors of the parameter estimates. Model fit is also affected. (Hilbe 2008). Therefore, this study examined the impact of outliers and excess zero on count data in causing overdispersion. The study focus on identifying model(s) which can handle the impact of outliers and excess zero in count data. Datasets based on Poisson model were simulated for sample sizes 20, 50 and 100 and incorporated with outliers and excess zero. Maximum likelihood estimation method was employed in estimating the parameters. Model selection is based on dispersion index, AIC, BIC and log likelihood statistics, putting into consideration Poisson, Negative Binomial, Zero Inflated Poisson and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial models and results obtained indicates that ZINB is the best models for analyzing count data in the presence of outliers and/or excess zero. Keywords: Count data, Overdispersion, Excess zero, outliers, Goodness of fit, Poisson, Negative Binomial and Zero inflated model