Proximate composition and energetic value of selected marine fish and shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

This study was conducted to determine the proximate composition and energetic value of selected marine fish and shellfish from the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This study has included 20 species of fish (10 pelagic fish and 10 demersal fish) and 4 species of shellfish. For pelagic fish, Longtail shad (terubuk) was found to contain significantly lower moisture (59.31+0.00%), but significantly higher fat content (23.15+0.00%) compared to other fish species. For demersal fish, moisture and ash contents ranged between 74-82%, and 0.9-2.1%, respectively. Long-tailed butterfly ray contained the highest protein (22.22+1.24%) compared to other fish studied. The highest fat content of demersal fish was in Moonfish at 6.89+2.76%. For shellfish, prawn contained the highest protein (19.12+1.44%). The fat content of shellfish ranged between 1-2%. Oyster contained significantly higher carbohydrate at 6.45+0.00%, compared to other shellfish. Longtail shad contained the highest energetic value of 13.34 kJ g-1 of all samples. These values are useful references for consumers in order to choose fish and shellfish based on their nutritional contents

Mineral contents of selected marine fish and shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

The study was conducted to determine the mineral contents of 20 species of marine fish and 4 species of shellfish from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.Overall, the contents of micro minerals in all samples were below the permissible limits; except for oyster; with copper slightly higher than the limit set by FAO/WHO (1984), but below the limit set by Malaysian Food Regulations (1985); and zinc content higher than the limit set by Malaysian Food Regulations (1985), but below the limit set by FAO/WHO (1984). Meanwhile for macro minerals, most samples contained comparable sodium contents, significantly lower of potassium contents, higher calcium contents, and extremely higher of magnesium contents compared to the common ranges reported in the literatures. All samples were good sources of micro and macro minerals and could provide multi-health benefits if consumed in recommended amounts

Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) Modified Titanium Dioxide Nanotube (TNTs) as Visible Light Effective Catalyst for the Conversion of CO2 to CH4

In this study, a modified visible light active photocatalyst has been prepared where titanium dioxide nanotube (TNTs) was coupled with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) through a facile synthesis process. The photoactivity of the RGO-TNTs has been evaluated by converting CO2 to CH4 under visible light irradiation. In order to justify the photo-effectivity of the catalysts, physical and optical characterization were performed through FESEM, EDX, UV-Vis absorption spectra and PL spectra. The morphological analysis shows homogeneous RGO distribution on the TiO2 nanotube whereas elemental compositional analysis revealed the presence of all elements in the prepared catalyst. Visible light enhancement activity of the prepared catalyst after the incorporation of RGO was exposed by UV-Vis analysis due to its enhanced light absorption properties. Improved electron-hole separation rate was investigated for the RGO incorporated TNTs through PL analysis. The fruitful incorporation of the RGO with TNTs further affirmed by the increased photocatalytic activity by converting CO2 to CH4 that acquired enhanced CH4 production (9.27%) which is 1.81 times higher than the CH4 production rate obtained through TNTs (5.12%). Thus, this study induces a simple synthesis procedure to modify TNTs as a visible light active photocatalyst with the integration of RGO. Moreover, RGO-TNTs enhanced visible light activity were evaluated through the conversion of CO2 to CH4

Pt-tnts for conversion of carbon dioxide to methane

To synthesize TNTs and Pt-TNTs for conversion of CO2 to CH4 under visible light spectrum. To characterize the physical properties and optical properties of synthesized photocatalyst. To evaluate the photocatalytic efficiency between Pt-TNTs and TNTs through the degradation of carbon dioxide

Development of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) membrane from waste plastic: Towards waste to wealth for water treatment

Plastic, a non-biodegradable material has always been a concern to the environment and people. This single-use item generates waste to landfills and it persists for centuries once disposed. The urge of transforming such material into a highly valuable product has sought attention from many researchers. This study emphasizes on a nanotechnological approach to synthesize vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a substrate template using commercially available plastic bags as carbon precursor. CNTs are grown inside a hexagonally arranged nanoporous anodic alumina membranes (NAAMs). CNTs are liberated by wet chemical etching to dissolve the alumina matrix. The resulting CNTs are used as adsorption media filters for water treatment purpose. The high adsorption affinity towards heavy metals, organic matters and microbes, ability to antifouling and self-cleaning function have made CNTs a better choice over others. This article briefly discusses the catalyst-free synthesis, growth mechanism, characterization and functionalization of CNTs for water treatment application

Latest progress on the influencing factors affecting the formation of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTS) in electrochemical anodization- A minireview

TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) have drawn special attention for their wide range of applications in a variety of fields. In comparison to other TiO2 nanostructures, it is attracted much due to its high surface area and low fabrication cost. By using the electrochemical anodization approach, highly ordered TNT arrays can be produced with minimum cost compared to other synthesized methods. The nanotubes of the desired diameter, length and wall thickness can be tailored by adjusting anodization parameters. Here in this article, the effects of anodization parameters including type of electrolytes, electrolyte concentration, pH, temperature, aging, anodization voltage, time and type of electrodes on tube formation, tube diameters, length, thickness, organization, and formation mechanisms are reviewed. The collection methods of asproduced TNTs from Ti substrate also summarized in this review. Finally, the article concludes by outlining potential future research scope and challenges

Carbon quantum-dots(cqds)-titanium nanotubes(tnts) photocatalyst for co2 conversion to ch4

The abundance of carbon dioxide as greenhouse gas makes it potentially useful for chemical syntheses in order to recycling it into useful chemicals will become a more attractive alternative for industry. This study focuses on synthesize and characterize TNTs and CQDs via hydrothermal method. One of the common methods to achieve activation is via sample acts as photocatalyst to improve the conversion of carbon dioxide to methane through photocatalysis. TNTs is synthesis using a hydrothermal method meanwhile, for CQDs extracted from Watermelon Rinds is synthesis by facile hydrothermal m. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are photocatalysts, which have the capability to use energy in light to catalyse reactions with other molecules at reduced temperatures. cylinders. As TNTs and CQDs were successfully synthesized and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The image results indicate that TNTs structure has an average diameter of 10.55 nm and form into thick particles of nanotube. Meanwhile image of CQDs shows the morphology of CQDs is approximately spherical and the average particle size is 48.68 nm