Fungsi Sistem Hipermedia dan Pengintegrasiannya

Tesis ini membincangkan tentang kajian mengenai fungsi-fungsi Sistem Hipermedia serta pengintegrasian fungsi-fungsi tersebut. Kajian dilakukan dengan mengkaji Reka Bentuk sistem hipermedia yang telah wujud dan membina satu Sistem Prototaip Penyemak Seimbas Hipermedia (Mikromedia). Mikromedia dibangunkan menggunakan bahasa pengaturcaraan Visual Basic. Mikromedia beroperasi dalam persekitaran pengaturcaraan tetingkap menggunakan komputer peribadi multimedia (multimedia PC). Salah satu fungsi utarna Mikromedia adalah sebagai penyemak seimbas untuk memaparkan dokumen hipermedia. Dokumen hipermedia ini boleh dibina oleh pengguna menggunakan Editor Teks yang terdapat dalarn Mikromedia. Dokumen hipermedia yang hendak dibina mesti menggunakan Bahasa Hiperteks Mikromedia. Bahasa Hiperteks Mikromedia merupakan satu Bahasa Tandaan (Markup Language) yang digunakan untuk 'mengaturcara' dokumen hipermedia. Penggunaan Bahasa Hiperteks Mikromedia ini harnpir sarna dengan konsep HTML (HyperText Markup Language) untuk dokumen dalam Web. Mikromedia mempunyai beberapa fungsi untuk membantu pengguna membina atau mengarang dokumen hipermedia. Fungsi-fungsi tersebut adalah Editor Teks, Editor Grafik, Editor Audio, Penterjemah Teks-kepada-penuturan (Text-to-speech) dan Sistem Bantuan. Pengguna boleh membina koleksi maklumat yang mengandungi teks, grafik, suara dan video yang dintegrasikan ke dalam dokumen hipermedia. Mikromedia juga boleh digunakan sebagai sistem pengarang untuk membangunkan Buku Elektronik bagi komputer tersendiri dengan menggunakan konsep hipermedia

Electric potential assisted crystallization of lisoleucine in aqueous phase: experimental and computational modelling approach / Nik Salwani Md Azmi

Crystallization is a major technological process for particle formations. It is important and widely used in the production of pharmaceutical drugs since most drugs particles are produced in crystalline form. L-isoleucine is one of the drugs that exist in crystalline form and it can be produced through crystallization process. However, even slight changes in the crystallization condition can drastically alter crystals properties. Control of the process in order to control the physicochemical properties (solubility, morphology, polymorphism) is crucial to produce the right type of crystal. To overcome this problem, electric potential was applied with the intention to control the process. Hence it has become the main objective of this study to determine the effect of electric potential on solubility and mestastable zone width (MSZW) of L-isoleucine crystallization. Solubility of L-isoleucine experiment was conducted using three different methods; (1) Solubility Method A: Gravimetric method, (2) Solubility Method B: Isothermal dissolution and (3) Solubility Method C: Dissolution with controlled heating rate, while polythermal and isothermal method was adopted for the crystallization process. The results showed that all three methods gave significant difference in solubility data

Mechanical Properties of Untreated and Alkaline Treated Kenaf and Ramie Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites

This research work is concerned with the determination of tensile, flexural and impact properties of kenaf and ramie fabric reinforced epoxy composites at three and eleven layers of fibre and different treatment (i.e. alkaline or non-alkaline) methods. The specimens were prepared using hand lay-up technique. The tensile and flexural tests were performed using an INSTRON 5507 universal testing machine and the high velocity impact test were performed using Ballistic Automated Network Gun systems (BANG) at projectile speed of 73 m/s, 160 m/s, 230 m/s and 278 m/s. In this study, the fibre has been treated by 6% alkaline treatment. Two main purposes of this thesis are to determine and compare the result of tensile, flexural and impact properties for kenaf and ramie composite, and also for composite (kenaf and ramie) with and without 6% of alkaline treatment. The result shows that 6% of alkaline treated of composites possess decreased value of tensile and flexural strength for kenaf and ramie composite because of high percentage of alkaline treatment. However, the increased value of impact properties found after adding 6% of alkaline treated. The outcome of the result clearly shows that ramie composite is better than kenaf composite in tensile and flexural properties. But in impact properties, the outcome result shows that kenaf composite is better than ramie composit

MIMO Positioning for IMT-Advanced Systems Based on Geometry Approach in NLOS Environments

In wireless communications, one of the main problems that deteriorate the accuracy of location and positioning (L&P) estimation is non line of sight (NLOS) propagation. With the advances of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology as one of the features of International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT-Advanced) systems, it has become feasible to adopt the technology into the mobile location scenario. By exploiting the multipath characteristics of the MIMO system, it is possible to estimate the position of mobile stations (MS) by considering the capability of MIMO to mitigate the effects of non line of sight (NLOS) conditions. In this paper we developed geometric approach by utilizing the advantages of MIMO system and employ the time of arrival (TOA) as range measurements for improving location estimation in various NLOS environments. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated through computer simulation. The results of our simulation demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the conventional LLS algorithm meeting the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements

Utilising MIMO for Location and Positioning in IMT -Advanced Systems

With the advances of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology as one of IMT-Advanced features, it has hecome feasible to adopt the technology into the mobile location scenario. By exploiting the multipath characteristics of the MIMO system, it is possible to estimate the position of mobile stations (MS) by considering the capability of MIMO to mitigate the non line of sight (NLOS) conditions that deteriorate the accuracy of location estimation. In this paper we developed geometric approach by utilizing the advantages of MIMO system and employ the time of arrival (TOA) as range measurements for improving location estimation. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated through computer simulation. The results of our simulation demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is significantly more effective in location accuracy than the conventional technique (LLS algorithm) and MIMO antenna configurations can achieve high accuracy for location estimation which meets the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements

Cloning and expression of pullulanase gene from locally isolated bacillus SP

Bacterial pullulanase represents one of th e starch-degrading enzymes that are widely used in the starch processing indu stry along with amylases. Amylases hydrolyze a -(1,4 )-glycosidic linkage in starch to produce a mixture of glucose , maltooligo sacchari de and limited a-dextrin. All the remaining a -(1,6)-glycosid ic branches in the products are hydrolyzed by p ullulanase. This is an advantage t o improve glucose production by coupling pullulanase and amylase in the p rocess. As such, many pullulana e enzyme has been isolated and one has been showing optimum pH of 10-10.5 which is suitable for use in dishwasher detergent additive in removal of star ch stain. We have recently iso lated a few bacterias that have shown potentially pullulanase producers by the holo-zone in pullulan-plate assay. One of them, we named Bacillus –1 sho ws a bigger holo-zone among others, Bacillus- 1 is highly active in pH more than 7. The enzyme also shows a mo derate activity to wards starch that may be indicates be side hydrolyzes a -(1,6)-glycosidic linkage in starch, it also hydrolyzes a -(1,4)- glycosidi c simi lar to a -amylase. Unfortunately the enzyme from wild-type bacteria is in lower yield an d in this studies, we intend to clone and sequence the pullulanase gene and also expressed the gene in a high expression system to be able to produce in a high yield before characterizing expressed protein

Field Wide Gas Lift Optimization Method

Gas Lift is one of the most widely use artificial lift. However, in a real field cases, there will always be a constraint in the system such as limited amount of lift-gas that can be utilized. These constraints will become a drawback in order to achieve the maximum total oil production rate. Hence, the system needs a gas lift distribution optimization in order to maximize the production oil rate. The ultimate objective for this project is to determine how the distribution of the gas lift available can be done in order to achieve the maximum total oil production rate. The second objective is to study on different parameters that affect the behavior of the gas lift optimization result. In order to run this project, Schlumberger PIPESIM© will be utilized to establish a gas lift performance curve for all wells. Visual Basic for Application (VBA) Macros and mathematical coding will be utilized to compute the calculation for the optimization. The result generated will be analyzed by running sensitivity analysis on certain parameters which are water cut, gas oil ratio, well productivity index, reservoir pressure, reservoir temperature and oil API gravity. Case study had been done of by optimizing 5 wells with a constraint of 5.5 mmscf/d total injection rate. The result shows that by redistributing the available gas lift in optimum mauner, the oil production manage to be increase by 21.03 bbl oil/day, or 0.36%. Optimizing using different case scenario had proved that the major factor that affects the result of the optimization is the gas oil ratio (GOR). Low GOR will make the well become more sensitive towards the changes of injection gas rate. Oil API gravity and reservoir temperature will not give significant impact towards the optimization results. The outcome from this project will benefit the oil and gas industry as the optimum distribution method can be used in order to increase total field oil production

The influence of market orientation, brand equity on SMEs performances

Performance of SMEs could be increased if they possess resources that are superior to help generate sustainable competitive advantage. Previous research does not provide a comprehensive explanation for SME performance through brand equity perspectives.This study hence, attempts to fill the gap by integrating Brand Equity Creation Process Model and Resource Based View in explaining SMEs performance. In particular this paper, sought to examine SMEs performance by investigating the relationship between market orientation, brand equity and performance. Survey data of 278 SMEs owners and managers all around Malaysia was used to test the relationship between the constructs of the study.In general, this study is in line with resource based theory that proposes that unique, rare, inimitable and non-substitutable resources especially on customer orientation and inter-functional department will create competitive advantage and hence increase performance of SMEs

Accelerator-Based Human Activity Recognition Using Voting Technique with NBTree and MLP Classifiers

In evolution and ubiquitous computing systems, accelerometer-based human activity recognition has huge potential in a large number of application domains. Accelerometer-based human activity recognition aims to identify physical activities performed by human using accelerometer; a sensor device attached to the body and returns an actual valued estimate of acceleration along the x-, y- and z-axes from which the sensor location can be estimated. In this study, an accelerator-based activity recognition model using voting technique was proposed. Two machine learning classifiers, Naïve Bayes Tree (NBTree) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), were used as ensemble classifiers in the voting technique. To evaluate the proposed voting technique, the performance of selected individual classifiers and existing voting technique was first examined, followed by the experiment to determine the performance of the proposed model. All of the experiments were performed using a standard dataset called Wireless Sensor Data Mining involving six physical human activities; jogging, walking, walking towards upstairs, walking towards downstairs, sitting and stand still. Results showed that the proposed voting technique with NBTree and MLP ensemble classifiers outperformed other individual classifiers and another previously suggested voting technique for accelerometer-based human activity recognition

Logistics and supply chain management: the importance of integration for business processes / Izwan Azmi … [et al.]

This conceptual paper outlines the importance of integration in supply chain management (SCM) by linking the functions of logistics as it applies in strategic business process. Often, business processes are developed at the strategic level but are never identified precisely in logistics or in SCM. Strategic business processes like Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Supplier Relationship Management (SRM), Customer Service Management (CSM) and Demand Management are not directly linked to logistics or SCM. This paper identifies the literature that expressed the importance of integration and how business processes can be relevant in the execution of key logistics activities in the supply chain context