LACK OF FAT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE HUMAN BODY

The article is devoted to the study and scientific justification of the lack of fat and its effect on the human body

Prevention of Vertical Transmission of Infection in Pregnant Women with Hepatitis B

The course of pregnancy and childbirth in pregnant women with hepatitis B is still considered an urgent issue in obstetrics and gynecology. Pregnant women with hepatitis B often experience complications such as threatening miscarriage, premature birth, premature rupture of the membranes, bleeding during childbirth and in the early postpartum period. The most basic and highest risk is vertical transmission

Increased intracellular pH is necessary for adult epithelial and embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Despite extensive knowledge about the transcriptional regulation of stem cell differentiation, less is known about the role of dynamic cytosolic cues. We report that an increase in intracellular pH (pHi) is necessary for the efficient differentiation of Drosophila adult follicle stem cells (FSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We show that pHi increases with differentiation from FSCs to prefollicle cells (pFCs) and follicle cells. Loss of the Drosophila Na+-H+ exchanger DNhe2 lowers pHi in differentiating cells, impairs pFC differentiation, disrupts germarium morphology, and decreases fecundity. In contrast, increasing pHi promotes excess pFC cell differentiation toward a polar/stalk cell fate through suppressing Hedgehog pathway activity. Increased pHi also occurs with mESC differentiation and, when prevented, attenuates spontaneous differentiation of naive cells, as determined by expression of microRNA clusters and stage-specific markers. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of pHi dynamics for the differentiation of two distinct types of stem cell lineages, which opens new directions for understanding conserved regulatory mechanisms